Unes Law Review
UNES Law Review adalah Jurnal Penelitian Hukum yang dikelola oleh Magister Hukum Pascasarjana, Universitas Ekasakti Padang. Penelitian yang dimuat merupakan pendapat pribadi peneliti dan bukan merupakan pendapat editor. Jurnal terbit secara berkala 4 (empat) kali dalam setahun yaitu September, Desember, Maret, dan Juni. UNES Law Review mulai Volume 4 Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 sampai Volume 9 Nomor 2 Tahun 2027 Reakreditasi Naik Peringkat dari Peringkat 5 ke Peringkat 4 sesuai nomor Akreditasi : 204/E/KPT/2022, 3 Oktober 2022 UNES Law Review is a Legal Research Journal managed by Postgraduate Law Masters, Ekasakti University, Padang. The published research is the personal opinion of the researcher and is not the opinion of the editor. The journal is published periodically 4 (four) times a year, namely September, December, March and June. UNES Law Review Volume 4 Number 3 of 2022 to Volume 9 Number 2 of 2027 Reaccreditation Raised Rank from Rank 5 to Rank 4 according to Accreditation number: 204/E/KPT/2022, 3 October 2022
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<![CDATA[Analisis Perspektif Pro Kontra Masyarakat Terhadap Penerapan Sema No. 2 Tahun 2023 ]]>
<![CDATA[Aurora Vania Crisdi Gonadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Gunawan Djajaputra]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1072
<![CDATA[Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran yang cukup komprehensif tentang kontroversi seputar SEMA No. 2 Tahun 2023 di Indonesia terkait dengan perkawinan beda agama. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukan adanya keragaman agama di Indonesia, peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, kewenangan hakim, dan pentingnya keadilan serta kepastian hukum merupakan pertimbangan yang sangat relevan. Kontroversi seputar SEMA ini memang sangat kompleks dan mencerminkan ketegangan antara aspek agama, hukum, dan kebebasan hakim. Isu ini memang sangat sensitif dan memerlukan pembahasan mendalam serta pertimbangan yang cermat oleh berbagai pihak, termasuk legislator, pengadilan, dan masyarakat luas. Sebagai solusi, perdebatan ini harus diarahkan menuju solusi yang dapat menghormati hak-hak individu, memperkuat kebhinekaan Indonesia, serta memastikan perlindungan hukum dan administratif yang memadai bagi perkawinan antar-umat berbeda agama.]]>
<![CDATA[Analisis Risiko Bagi Negara Republik Indonesia Terhadap Keberlakuan Bilateral Investment Treaty Antara Indonesia dan Singapura ]]>
<![CDATA[Michael Michael]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1073
<![CDATA[On March 9th, 2021, Government of Republic of Indonesia and Government of Republic of Singapore exchanged ratification instruments of Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) in order to validate the BIT. Other than to increase and protect investment the enactment of BIT Indonesia-Singapore also contains certain risks. One of them is the provision on national treatment in BIT Indonesia-Singapore which emphasizes the obligation of central and local governments to provide same treatment as for local investors. This is a risk for Indonesia with many local governments across 38 provinces. The provisions of BIT Indonesia-Singapore regarding expropriation have narrow and rigid terms of expropriation and the high compensation, so it will be risky if Government of Republic of Indonesia expropriates the investments from Singaporean foreign investor. BIT Indonesia-Singapore also regulates third party funding in events of dispute between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and Singaporean foreign investors. Considering that the foreign investors can receive third party funding, this can be risky for Indonesian Government because an amicable settlement will be difficult to achieve due to third party interests and the claim value will be higher as the third party funding will be also included in there.]]>
<![CDATA[Perbuatan Melawan Hukum (Onrechtmatige Daad) Menurut Pasal 1365 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata dan Perkembangannya ]]>
<![CDATA[Mendy Cevitra]]>;
<![CDATA[Gunawan Djajaputra]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1074
<![CDATA[This research was conducted with the aim of knowing how to regulate the concept of unlawful acts and how the similarities and differences in default with unlawful acts. Using normative juridical research methods, it is concluded: 1. Unlawful acts (Onrechtmatigedaad) are a provision regulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code that occurs a lot in society. Based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code, there are a number of elements, namely: 1. The existence of an act; 2. The act is against the law; 3. There is a mistake on the part of the perpetrator; 4. There is a loss to the victim; and 5. There is a causal relationship between actions and losses. 2. Legal acts have developed through jurisprudence both in the Netherlands and in Indonesia, which expands the meaning of legal acts not only violating the law, but also violating the decency and decency that live and prevail in society.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaturan Lembaga Pemerintah Penyelenggara Penanaman Modal dalam Penyelenggaraan Urusan Penanaman Modal di Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Erlangga Erlangga]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1075
<![CDATA[Investment or investment activities are defined as activities carried out by individuals and legal entities seeking to increase and maintain the value of their capital, both in the form of cash, immovable assets, intellectual property rights, and expertise. There is a legal basis in Capital Investment and several main provisions that become a reference for carrying out its activities, such as institutional aspects, employment, legal protection aspects and others. This is where it seems very important to understand the main provisions in the field of investment, so that it is clearer in carrying out the related rules, in order to carry out investment properly. The research method in this study uses literature studies that are processed and analyzed through a qualitative approach. This research is qualitative research. Regulations for the implementation of investment licensing affairs in Indonesia are regulated in Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Capital Investment and several implementing regulations. The duties and functions of investment organizing government institutions in the main provisions in the field of investment have the characteristics of investment licensing carried out through one-stop integrated services, namely the implementation of a permit and non-licensing that receives delegation from institutions or agencies that have licensing and non-licensing authority whose management process starts from the application stage to the stage of issuance of documents carried out in one place.]]>
<![CDATA[Subjek Hukum Investasi Internasional dalam Forum ICSID: Teori dan Praktiknya ]]>
<![CDATA[M. Azka Haiban]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1076
<![CDATA[Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is essential in a globally integrated economic system when the host country needs the resources necessary for the development of its country's economy. However, differences in nationality make foreign investors vulnerable to host country government interference in their businesses. The inability of investors to participate in the democratic process in host countries makes International Investment Agreements (IIAs) and Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) important as a basis for providing substantive protection for investors. ICSID is a forum often referred to by investors in defending their rights and fulfilling their interests, as well as providing a dispute resolution system that allows every foreign investor to file a lawsuit against the host state government as the ICSID Convention regulates this. The results of the analysis show that the interpretation of subjects that can be disputed in ICSID can refer to Article 25(1) of the ICSID Convention. However, in practice, differences in tribunal interpretation in deciding which party can proceed and fulfill the dispute resolution criteria in the ICSID forum differ in several cases. In the case of East Kalimantan Regional Government vs PT Kaltim Prima Coal, the tribunal decided that the East Kalimantan Regional Government had stepped into the shoes of the State based on Article 25 (3) of the ICSID Convention. On the other hand, the acceptance of the Oleovest lawsuit by ICSID shows that non-state legal entities, in this context, multinational corporations, have the legitimacy to become parties to international investment disputes in several dispute resolution forums, such as ICSID, as long as there is relevance or relationship between the plaintiff and the BIT which is the basis of the activity. foreign investment or foreign investment in the host country.]]>
<![CDATA[Implementasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Keimigrasian (SIMKIM) Terintegrasi Sebagai Jembatan Keterkaitan Praktik Hukum Bisnis dan Hukum Keimigrasian Secara Seimbang ]]>
<![CDATA[Agato P. P. Simamora]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1080
<![CDATA[This research aims to provide a comprehensive picture and description of the use of integrated Immigration Management Information System (SIMKIM) as a bridge connecting the application of business law and the actualization of immigration law, so as to obtain a real picture of the benefits of using integrated SIMKIM as a bridging tool. Research method with a normative juridical approach, primary data obtained through field observations and interviews at the Directorate General of Immigration. The result is an increase in international and transnational crimes, such as: Illegal immigrants, human smuggling, human trafficking, terrorism, narcotics, and money laundering; Immigration law enforcement has not been effective so that the punishment policy needs to include a minimum penalty for human smuggling crimes; Expanding the subject of immigration crimes, so that it includes not only individuals but also corporations and guarantors of the entry of foreigners into Indonesian territory who violate immigration provisions; and the application of more severe criminal sanctions against foreigners who violate regulations in the field of immigration because so far it has not caused a deterrent effect. It is concluded that SIMKIM is a unity of various data and information management processes, applications, and information and communication technology-based devices built to unify and connect information systems in all immigration function implementers in an integrated manner. In this system, there are foreigners both as workers and business actors who are subject to business law provisions such as Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and immigration law provisions. The regulation and control of foreign workers working in Indonesia is based on Article 27 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemberantasan Mafia Tanah dengan Menggunakan Instrumen Hukum di Indonesia (Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 16 Tahun 2020) ]]>
<![CDATA[Hanafiyah Arya Nashuha]]>;
<![CDATA[Muh. Afif Mahfud]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1081
<![CDATA[The land mafia periodically reviews the steps taken to avoid land disputes and conflicts, but in reality these actions are always illegal. One aspect of implementation is that the event must be organized, planned and executed by a group of individuals. In reality (das sein) there are many land mafias in Indonesia where this can result in land disputes due to legal actions carried out by these individuals through land mafia intermediaries. The aim of this research is to determine the eradication of the land mafia using Indonesian legal instruments. The research carried out is a normative juridical research type. Documentary/library research is used to collect data, especially by examining documents closely related to the criminal activities of the Land Mafia and obtaining information in the form of formal provisions and existing data. The results of the research show that through the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency Number 16 of 2020 concerning the Organization and Work Procedures of the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency, Directorate General VII, Directorate General of Land and Land Acquisition, has a very important role in efforts to eradicate the land mafia in Indonesia. Land mafia refers to illegal activities such as forgery of documents, land misappropriation, extortion, and corruption in land transactions. Keyword: Mafia, Land, Certificates, Laws, Ministerial Regulations.]]>
<![CDATA[Transformasi Kedudukan Bapedal Sebagai Kelembagaan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Pada Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah ]]>
<![CDATA[Dimas Agung Prasetiyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Wiwik Awiati]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1083
<![CDATA[Lawrence M. Friedman divides the legal system into three subsystems, namely legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. Environmental management must include these three aspects. Environmental institutions such as Bapedal have an important role in overseeing and regulating environmental policies. There are obstacles in synchronizing regulations between central and local governments and overlapping authority between sectors. Institutional reconstruction and transformation are needed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of environmental management. The issues in this paper involve the institutional transformation of Bapedal and the regulation of the agency's authority in local government. Normative legal research methods are used to conclude the importance of coordination between central and local governments in environmental management and the need for uniformity of institutional nomenclature throughout Indonesia. Local governments should support environmental impact control institutions by providing appropriate main tasks and functions. Efficient coordination and supervision are needed, and institutional nomenclature should be uniform. Human resources also need to be well organized, and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry can play a role in institutional development in the regions.]]>
<![CDATA[Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang Melibatkan Sektor Swasta dalam Perspektif Kejahatan Lintas Negara (Studi Perbandingan Malaysia) ]]>
<![CDATA[Hilmalia Sesy Riauroikha]]>;
<![CDATA[Rita Juniati]]>;
<![CDATA[Vincent Anderson Simanjuntak]]>;
<![CDATA[Jeremia Sitohang]]>;
<![CDATA[Ayu Efritadewi]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1084
<![CDATA[Corruption is a serious problem that harms state finances, the social and economic rights of the people, and hampers development. Corruption in the private sector has also become a serious threat to the economies of countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia. This article discusses the approaches taken by Indonesia and Malaysia in addressing corruption involving the private sector.Indonesia recognizes that corruption in the private sector is a serious threat and has strengthened rules and regulations related to corporate transparency and accountability. Laws governing corruption prevention cover the private sector, and the government encourages ethical business practices. Indonesia also strengthens international cooperation and takes decisive action through independent law enforcement agencies.In Malaysia, corruption in the private sector also receives serious attention. Malaysia has strong laws against corruption, including in the private sector. The country has successfully uncovered and prosecuted corruption cases involving private companies in a transparent and decisive manner. Malaysia is also active in international cooperation and has an effective anti-corruption agency.While both countries have taken concrete steps to fight corruption in the private sector, there are still challenges to overcome, such as the involvement of powerful actors and the complexity of corruption cases. However, by strengthening rules, strict law enforcement, enhancing international cooperation, and involving the public and international institutions, Indonesia and Malaysia can continue to effectively combat corruption involving the private sector.]]>
<![CDATA[Keabsahan Hibah Wasiat yang Dibuat di Hadapan Notaris kepada Ahli Waris Menurut Undang-Undang ]]>
<![CDATA[Marvel Romi Sutiono]]>;
<![CDATA[Dyah Ayu Prameswari Setyowati]]>;
<![CDATA[Fahrel Faadhilah Wiramansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Alfian Anugrah Saputra]]>;
<![CDATA[Venatha Tanoto]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (September 2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1085
<![CDATA[Chinese inheritance is regulated in Book II of the Civil Code on property, adhering to a closed system, meaning that no new articles or regulations are allowed other than existing ones. Inheritance assets left by the testator by law are transferred to the heirs without distinguishing between the gender of the heirs according to the law or by appointment as a will. Even though the first class of heirs can have their rights violated, only by law. Deviations are based on customary law as something that is contrary to the matters stipulated in Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. Wills can be given to anyone, including heirs, but are not allowed to harm the heirs' absolute rights according to the law. The provisions of Article 914 of the Indonesian Civil Code, if you leave four children as heirs, the full share of the heirs is three-quarters, if given as a whole, in contrast to the absolute right share known as the share that must be given to the heirs.]]>
