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Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
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Core Subject : Science, Education,
Computer Science & IT Education
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Articles 187 Documents
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CHEMICAL SPECIATION APPROACH IN THE RISK EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER CONTAMINANTS EXPOSURE Dwindrata Aviantara
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jstmb.v16i2.5370

Abstract

Heavy metals are common environmental contaminants. Depending on the amount and chemical species that present, these heavy metals can turn into environmental pollutants which in certain environmental conditions can be in a biologically available form so that they have the potential to cause toxic effects. Analysis of the risk of heavy metal exposure by relying on the total amount of heavy metals does not provide a real picture of the relationship between exposure and toxicity. A chemical speciation approach that takes into account the chemical state of heavy metal species with potential for mobility, bioavailability and toxicity is a more rigorous strategy in risk analysis of heavy metal exposure. This is because the large total amount of heavy metals is not necessarily able to provide the metal in a biologically available form. On the other hand, the total amount of heavy metals which is considered safe because it does not exceed the regulatory quality standards, but chronic exposure to the forms of chemical species that are biologically available actually poses a threat in the long term. With the support of reliable laboratory equipments and accurate computational chemical speciation modeling, the heavy metal chemical speciation approach is the right tool in environmental pollution risk analysis.
IMPACT OF COAL MINING ON SURFACE WATER AND ITS MITIGATION Taty Hernaningsih
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jstmb.v16i2.5372

Abstract

Abstract Natural resource management must be oriented towards the conservation of natural resources (natural resource orientation). To balance the management of natural resources and human interests, the Government of Indonesia issued Law no. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management of natural resources in Indonesia. Even though this law already exists, in fact there are still frequent inequalities and violations in the exploitation of Indonesia's natural resources, according to JATAM data at the end of 2020 in cases of pollution and environmental destruction in coal mining. One of them occurs in the coal mining industry. Coal mining located in the village of Pembeliangan, Sebuku District, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, plans to increase coal production to 3 million tons/year (PT CMC, 2022). If not managed properly, the development of coal production will have a potential impact on the environmental degradation of upstream rivers. Therefore, in order to overcome environmental degradation, a study will be carried out to determine the water quality status of the coal mine site by analyzing the river water quality in accordance with the river water quality standards with reference to Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. The next stage will be determining the river water pollution index and appropriate mitigation efforts to prevent river water pollution. Keywords: surface water quality, mitigation, water pollution index Abstrak Dampak pertambangan batubara terhadap lingkungan dapat menyebabkan degradasi lingkungan, seperti menurunnya kualitas air permukaan. Efek lingkungan penambangan batubara bertahan selama bertahun-tahun setelah operasi penambangan selesai. Oleh karena itu pertambangan batubara yang merupakan salah satu sumber daya alam Indonesia harus dikelola. Untuk keseimbangan pengelolaan sumber daya alam dan kepentingan manusia, Pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan UU No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Walaupun sudah ada undang-undang ini, dalam realitasnya masih sering terjadi ketimpangan dan pelanggaraan di dalam eksploitasi kekayaan alam Indonesia, data JATAM akhir tahun 2020 tentang kasus pencemaran dan perusakan lingkungan di pertambangan batubara. Salah satu pertambangan batubara dengan produksi cukup besar di Kalimantan Utara terdapat di desa Pembeliangan, Kecamatan Sebuku Kabupaten Nunukan. Pertambangan ini merencanakan penambahan produksi batubara menjadi 3 juta ton/tahun (PT CMC,2022). Penambahan produksi batubara juga akan mempunyai potensi dampak berupa degradasi lingkungan di hulu sungai, seperti pencemaran terhadai air sungai. Oleh karena itu untuk mengatasi terjadinya penurunan kualitas air sungai maka akan dilakukan studi untuk mengetahui status kualitas air di lokasi pertambangan batubara dengan melakukan analisis kualitas air sungai, kemudian membandingkan hasilnya dengan baku mutu air sungai pada Peraturan Pemerintah No.22 Tahun 2021. Tahap selanjutnya akan dilakukan penentuan indeks pencemaran air sungai dan upaya mitigasi yang tepat untuk mencegah pencemaran air sungai tersebut. Kata kunci: kualitas air sungai, mitigasi, indeks pencemaran air
POTENTIAL UTILIZATION OF FLY ASH AND BOTTOM ASH WASTES FOR NATIONAL CAPITAL INTEGRATED COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Dwindrata Aviantara; Fuzi Suciati
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jstmb.v16i2.5373

Abstract

Jakarta's coastal areas are prone to flooding problems. Floods are generally caused by high-intensity rain, river runoff and tidal waves from sea water. The main causes of this situation are land subsidence, increased river discharge from upstream areas and local rainfall which is not accommodated by the existing drainage system. With the plan to build a giant sea wall in the bay of Jakarta, it is estimated that the sea water rob that hit DKI Jakarta can be overcome. The construction of the giant sea wall and PTPIN requires massive materials for concrete and civil constructions. Fly ash and bottom ash wastes from coal fired power plant have physical characteristics that are estimated to meet PTPIN's needs. In addition, the characteristics of TCLP, LD50 and radioactive of FABA wastes also meet the PP22/2021 criteria. By utilizing the FABA wastes, the exploitation of natural materials for the construction of PTPIN can be avoided so that the PTPIN development process takes place in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner. Utilization of FABA wastes is in line with circular economy efforts and can change the mindset of FABA wastes from a cost center to a revenue center.
ESTIMATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL OF PENAJAM REGION TO SUPPORT THE NEED FOR CLEAN WATER IN IKN PENAJAM EAST KALIMANTAN Arie Herlambang Soeseno
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jstmb.v16i2.5380

Abstract

Ground water is a source of water that can be used to support the clean water needs of the certain area.Water sources can be from springs or pumping from shallow (<40 meters) or deep (generally> 40 metersto 200 meters) depths groundwater. The geological conditions of an area determine the location, area ofdistribution and the position and composition of the rock that acts as an aquifer. As an initial identificationof shallow groundwater, it can be done from resident wells in the study area, while for groundwaterinformation is obtained from drilling that has been carried out in the study area, especially information onpumping tests that have been carried out. Low groundwater potential is found in the western part and partlyin the center of the IKN area. Shallow groundwater is found at a depth of 20 meters (below ground level,bmt), groundwater levels can be found at a depth of 5.3 m (bmt), permeability (K) is around 0.03048 m /day, with transmissivity (T) around 11.14836 m2 / days, with optimal discharge (Qopt) 0.1183 liters / secondat a distance between wells (2R) 78.4 m and with a good water quality. Depressed groundwater can befound at a depth of 32 - 117 m bmt, with a static groundwater level of 9.25 - 28 m bmt, permeability 0.0064- 0.4572 m / day, transmissivity (T) ranging from 0.2508 to 20,4387 m2 / day, optimal flow rate 0.1183 -0.9077 l / second, with between wells 87.19 - 170.07 m, with a good water quality. The area of the IKNcandidate location itself is in a plains area, which is dominated by moderate potential aquifers, with aquiferdepths ranging from 150 - 350 m, groundwater levels of 1 - 4 m below ground level, permeability (K) rangingfrom 9.6 x 10-6 - 1.1 x 10-5 cm / second, and transmissivity (T) 0.003 - 0.004 m2 / day, the optimal dischargeis 10.8 - 27.5 liters / second. Potential areas for IKN locations with high potential aquifers, located in thesouth of the IKN area, especially towards the coast, are found at a depth below ground level of 150 - 350meters, groundwater level 1 - 4 m, permeability (K) ranges from 9.6 x 10 -6 - 1.1 x 10-5 cm / second, andtransmissivity (T) 0.003 - 0.004 m2 / day, the optimal discharge is 10.8 - 27.5 liters / second.
CHARACTERISTICS AND POTENTIAL OF VETIVER GRASS (Chrysopogon zizanoides) TO SLOPES REINFORCEMENT AND EROSION MITIGATION Hanggari Sittadewi
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jstmb.v16i2.5390

Abstract

Plant roots have the function of reducing groundwater that is saturated by rainwater, strengthening soil aggregation so that it supports plant growth and prevents erosion, increases infiltration, and holding capacity. Vertical soil stabilization is also carried out by the plant root system and also the effect of drainage that occurs through the process of water absorption and transpiration. This indicates that root system of plants has an important contribution to slope reinforcement and erosion mitigation. Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is an perennial grasses that has been shown to slope reinforcement and erosion mitigation, because vertiver grass has physical, mechanical and hydraulic characteristics that support the stabilization mechanism. The unique root system is the fibrous root with fine and massive structure, fast growing and deep, has an average tensile strength of 75 MPa provides a stability effect. Dense hedgerows of vetiver grass with rigid stems formed from rows of plants can fuction as structure of a highly effective water transfer for spreading and diverting to stable areas so that the possibility of erosion is controlled. This paper presents the results of a study on the ability of vetiver grass to strengthen slopes and erosion mitigation by exploring the physical, mechanical and hydraulic characteristics of the plant. Keywords : vetiver grass, physical, mechanical and hydraulic characteristics, slopes reinforcement, erosion mitigation.
ANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDES AND THE FORMATION OF WAY ELA NATUAL DAM, NEGERI LIMA, LEIHITU, CENTRAL MALUKU Wisyanto Wisyanto; Heru Sri Naryanto
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jstmb.v16i2.5391

Abstract

The region of Indonesia is occupied by many volcanoes, both active and inactive. Volcanic products usually form a steep morphology and are often composed of volcanic deposits that are not yet compact or relatively loose. Such natural phenomena are very prone to landslides, and some of them forms natural dams that potential to be a source of flash floods. To find out the cause of the landslide, involving a big volume of landslide material and the formation of a natural dam, a study was conducted on the Way Ela Natural Dam. The research, in addition to using secondary data, also carried out field observations. The results showed that the landslide at Bukit Uluh Hatu involved a very large volume, due to the rock structure that was strongly fractured, the slope was very steep, the influence of the earthquake that enlarged opened layers and the high rainfall reached 360 mm. Meanwhile, the formation of natural dams is not only due to the large volume of landslides, but also due to the narrowing of the valleys which causes bottle necking of the flow of water and landslide material.
ANALYSIS OF LANDING STATION LOCATION DETERMINATION FOR MARINE CABLE-BASED TSUNAMI EARLY WARNING SYSTEM IN CILACAP, CANTRAL JAVA Heru Sri Naryanto; Wisyanto Wisyanto
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jstmb.v16i2.5392

Abstract

Cilacap is located on the southern coast of Central Java, facing the confluence of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate as well as the Megathrust south of Java, so it has a high chance of an earthquake and tsunami disaster. With the issuance of Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No. 93 of 2019 concerning Strengthening and Development of Earthquake Information Systems and Tsunami Early Warning, mandates the implementation of deep sea level tsunamis (buoys) and Cable-Based Tsunameters (CBT). The development of a tsunami early detection system using InaCBT submarine cable technology is the development of the Advanced Cable Based Tsunameter (AdvCBT). For the implementation of the AdvCBT development activities, a submarine cable route is planned from Krui, Pelabuhan Ratu and Cilacap. The location of the landing station (LS) in the form of a power house (PH), communication tower and beach manhole (BMH) must be determined prior to the construction of the AdvCBT infrastructure. Cilacap is one of the places that will be the location of the landing station of the AdvCBT. Scoring is carried out to obtain the best alternative location by considering: land availability, safe elevation against tsunamis, cable routes that do not cut rivers or roads, GSM signal conditions, electricity availability, soil stability, distance from the beach, social conditions of the community, environmental conditions, and safe from other obstacles. Analysis of eleven alternative landing station locations based on the scoring, the results show that the highest score for the alternative location is ALT-09, and ALT-08, both locations are located in Karangbenda, Kec. Adipala, Cilacap Regency, Central Java. Of the eleven (11) alternative landing station locations as a result of the desktop study, it was found that the highest scores for the alternative landing station locations were ALT-09 and ALT-08, both of which were located in Karangbenda, Kec. Adipala, Cilacap Regency, Central Java.

Page 19 of 19 | Total Record : 187

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