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INDONESIA
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02169541     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
Enerlink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan 2 kali setahun oleh Pusat Teknologi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Energi dan Industri Kimia BPPT di bidang energi dan lingkungan. Enerlink is a scientific journal that publishes twice annually by Centre of Energy Technology and Chemical Industry of BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 12 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 1 (2006)" : 12 Documents clear
DAMPAK PEMBAKARAN BATUBARA INDONESIA TERKAIT KANDUNGAN PRODUK GAS BUANG Aryono, Nur Aryanto
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (217.652 KB)

Abstract

The output of electricity for power plants and output of steam for industrialfurnaces related with flue gas concentration, such as fly ash (dust), CO, CO2NOx, and SO2. The condition of flue gas product is very important for estimatedthe actual level of emissions, because it product depends on type of plant,operating conditions, maintenance, and on fuel properties. The consequence ofcoal combustion, a considerable increase in emissions of dust, hydrocarbon,NOx and SO2 is to be expected. Therefore, to use the abatement technology,such as filters, desulphurization plants, de-nitrification unit, fluidized bedcombustion, and integrated gas combined cycle power plants for reducing theconcentrations of flue gas is an appropriate choice.Kata kunci: coal combustion, flue gas, emission
ECONOMICS OF BROWN COAL LIQUEFACTION PROCESS FOR BANKO COAL Tamura, Masaaki; Artanto, Yuli; Silalahi, Lambok H
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (333.671 KB)

Abstract

Tulisan ini mengenai ringkasan analisis keekonomian pabrik komersial pinoirpencairan batubara Banko yang dibangun di Sumatera Selatan. Pabrik komersialtersebut diasumsikan mempunyai kapasitas of 6,000 t/d, 12,000t/d and 30,000t/dcoal (daf). Sejak batubara Banko ditemukan mahal jika diangkut jarak jauhkarena kadar airnya dan sifat pembakaran spontan, lokasi pabrik darusditempatan di mulut tambang Banko Selatan (Tanjung Agung). Proses gasifikasientrained HYCOAL menggunakan batubara Banko diadopsi untuk pemabngkithydrogen. Produk minyak diangkut dengan dikapalkanmelalui rute pemipaanganda Tanjung Agung/Plaju (approx. 202 km) dan Tanjung Agung/Tanjung Api-Api(sekitar. 265 km). Total batubara Banko yang dibutuhkan pabrik 12,000 t/haritermasuk untuk gasifikasi dan boiler 39,500 ton/hari. Harga batubara diset dalam3 kategori yaitu US$11, US$12, and USD$13 per ton. Biaya konstruksi untukpabrik komersial 6.000, 12.000 and 30.000 ton/hari adalah berturut-turutUS$1.429juta, US$2.521juta, and US$5.385juta (1US$=120yen= Rp.9,500). .Analisa ekonomi berdasarkan metode DCF terhadap pabrik komersial 12,000 tonper hari menghasilkan produk minyak setara minyak mentah senilaiUS$ 22.5/bbl (FOB Plaju) and US$ 22.6/bbl (FOB Tanjung Api-Api) pada tahun2011, saat pabrik mulai beroperasi.Keywords: batubara Banko, HYCOAL, pencairan batubara
IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT REAKTIFITAS KATALIS DASAR BESI JENIS LIMONIT DAN PIRIT PADA PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA Hanif, Muhammad; Hartiniati, Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (420.166 KB)

Abstract

The effect of a highly dispersed limonite synthetic catalyst and natural pyritecatalyst on the liquefaction of Yallourn coal in relation to thetransformation into pyrrhotite (Fe1-x S) was examined and compared. Thestudy suggests that γ-FeOOH catalyst can be transformed into smallerpyrrhotite at lower temperatures around 250oC, and therefore promotes theactivation of gaseous hydrogen notably at the heating stage up to 450oC.Keeping H2S concentration at approximately 0.1vol% in the gas phase wasfound to be an effective way of maintaining the liquefaction activity of therecycle catalyst, due to the restraint of both troilite formation and theagglomeration of pyrrhotite. The study also demonstrates that a high oilyield over 60wt% daf can be obtained successfully in the coal liquefaction ofYallourn coal with the reduction of catalyst γ-Fe00H loading.Kata Kunci : pyrrhotite, troilite, coal liquefaction, pyrite
EVALUASI KINERJA KATALIS LIMONIT SOROAKO PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN Silalahi, Lambok Hilarius
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (224.474 KB)

Abstract

Investigation of Limonite for catalyst on South Banko coal liquefaction werecarried out under standard condition which has developed by BPPT. LimoniteSoroako is a natural mineral that found at Nickel Mining on Soroako, SouthSulawesi.Four samples of limonite was examined using 5L autoclave at our coalliquefaction laboratory in order to investigate their activities to produce highdistillate yield at standard condition (450oC, 9MPa cold H2).The results showedthat limonite S99-E-MY gave a higher distillate yield than those of other limonite(difference about 10-30%daf coal or %bkta). Further investigations wereconducted to compare with other catalysts: synthetic g–FeOOH and pyrite (FeS2).Again, the activity of limonite S99-E-MY was still superior compared to those ofsynthetic and pyrite catalysts. The yield difference was about 10-16%daf coal or%bkta).Experiment revealed that the factor of FeOOH critically affected the coalliquefaction reaction to improve the distillate yield and to reduce CLB yield.Besides, the representative of Co metal in the limonite (≥5-10 %bk) could givesynergism effect with FeOOH to improve the activity of limonite.Kata Kunci: g–FeOOH, pyrite (FeS2), limonite, soroako, coal liquefaction
EFEKTIVITAS PENAMBAHAN NIKEL PADA PENCAIRAN BATUBARA PERINGKAT RENDAH MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ALAMI LIMONIT Yusnitati, Yusnitati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (284.909 KB)

Abstract

Coal liquefaction of brown coal from South Banko coal was conducted using 5 Lautoclave batch reactor. the effect of nickel addition on the activity of naturallimonite catalyst from Soroako was investigated by comparing the amount ofnickel addition to the reaction.Tthis study showed that original nickel ferritepresent in natural limonite did not play a significant role in increasing the activityof iron compounds in limonite. This study was also pointed out that ironcompound (α-FeOOH) was the major compound for obtaining high oil yield inliquefaction of low rank coal.Kata kunci: liquefaction, low rank coal, nickel ferrite, soroako limonite
PENGARUH WAKTU REAKSI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN Artanto, Yuli; Yusnitati, Yusnitati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (217.645 KB)

Abstract

Investigation of Limonite for catalyst on South Banko coal liquefaction werecarried out under standard condition which has developed by BPPT.Limonite Soroako is a natural mineral that found at Nickel Mining onSoroako, South Sulawesi. Four samples of limonite was examined using 5Lautoclave at our coal liquefaction laboratory in order to investigate theisactivities to produce high distillate yield at standard condition (450oC, 9MPacold H2). The results showed that limonite SYY-E-MY gave a higher distillateyield than those of other limonite (difference about 10-30%daf coal or%bkta). Further investigations were conducted to compare with othercatalysts: synthetic g –FeOOH and pyrite (FeS2). Again, the activity of limonitS99-E-MY was still superior compared to those of synthetic and pyritecatalysts. The yield difference was about 10-16%daf coal or %bkta).Experiment revealed that the factor of FeOOH critically affected the coalliquefaction reaction to improve the distillate yield and to reduce CLB yield.Besides, the representative of Co metal in the limonite (≥5-10 %bk) couldgive synergism effect with FeOOH to improve the activity of limonite.
ECONOMICS OF BROWN COAL LIQUEFACTION PROCESS FOR BANKO COAL Tamura, Masaaki; Artanto, Yuli; Silalahi, Lambok H
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (333.671 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v2i1.1530

Abstract

Tulisan ini mengenai ringkasan analisis keekonomian pabrik komersial pinoirpencairan batubara Banko yang dibangun di Sumatera Selatan. Pabrik komersialtersebut diasumsikan mempunyai kapasitas of 6,000 t/d, 12,000t/d and 30,000t/dcoal (daf). Sejak batubara Banko ditemukan mahal jika diangkut jarak jauhkarena kadar airnya dan sifat pembakaran spontan, lokasi pabrik darusditempatan di mulut tambang Banko Selatan (Tanjung Agung). Proses gasifikasientrained HYCOAL menggunakan batubara Banko diadopsi untuk pemabngkithydrogen. Produk minyak diangkut dengan dikapalkanmelalui rute pemipaanganda Tanjung Agung/Plaju (approx. 202 km) dan Tanjung Agung/Tanjung Api-Api(sekitar. 265 km). Total batubara Banko yang dibutuhkan pabrik 12,000 t/haritermasuk untuk gasifikasi dan boiler 39,500 ton/hari. Harga batubara diset dalam3 kategori yaitu US$11, US$12, and USD$13 per ton. Biaya konstruksi untukpabrik komersial 6.000, 12.000 and 30.000 ton/hari adalah berturut-turutUS$1.429juta, US$2.521juta, and US$5.385juta (1US$=120yen= Rp.9,500). .Analisa ekonomi berdasarkan metode DCF terhadap pabrik komersial 12,000 tonper hari menghasilkan produk minyak setara minyak mentah senilaiUS$ 22.5/bbl (FOB Plaju) and US$ 22.6/bbl (FOB Tanjung Api-Api) pada tahun2011, saat pabrik mulai beroperasi.Keywords: batubara Banko, HYCOAL, pencairan batubara
IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT REAKTIFITAS KATALIS DASAR BESI JENIS LIMONIT DAN PIRIT PADA PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA Hanif, Muhammad; Hartiniati, Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (420.166 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v2i1.1526

Abstract

The effect of a highly dispersed limonite synthetic catalyst and natural pyritecatalyst on the liquefaction of Yallourn coal in relation to thetransformation into pyrrhotite (Fe1-x S) was examined and compared. Thestudy suggests that ?-FeOOH catalyst can be transformed into smallerpyrrhotite at lower temperatures around 250oC, and therefore promotes theactivation of gaseous hydrogen notably at the heating stage up to 450oC.Keeping H2S concentration at approximately 0.1vol% in the gas phase wasfound to be an effective way of maintaining the liquefaction activity of therecycle catalyst, due to the restraint of both troilite formation and theagglomeration of pyrrhotite. The study also demonstrates that a high oilyield over 60wt% daf can be obtained successfully in the coal liquefaction ofYallourn coal with the reduction of catalyst ?-Fe00H loading.Kata Kunci : pyrrhotite, troilite, coal liquefaction, pyrite
EVALUASI KINERJA KATALIS LIMONIT SOROAKO PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN Silalahi, Lambok Hilarius
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (224.474 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v2i1.1527

Abstract

Investigation of Limonite for catalyst on South Banko coal liquefaction werecarried out under standard condition which has developed by BPPT. LimoniteSoroako is a natural mineral that found at Nickel Mining on Soroako, SouthSulawesi.Four samples of limonite was examined using 5L autoclave at our coalliquefaction laboratory in order to investigate their activities to produce highdistillate yield at standard condition (450oC, 9MPa cold H2).The results showedthat limonite S99-E-MY gave a higher distillate yield than those of other limonite(difference about 10-30%daf coal or %bkta). Further investigations wereconducted to compare with other catalysts: synthetic g?FeOOH and pyrite (FeS2).Again, the activity of limonite S99-E-MY was still superior compared to those ofsynthetic and pyrite catalysts. The yield difference was about 10-16%daf coal or%bkta).Experiment revealed that the factor of FeOOH critically affected the coalliquefaction reaction to improve the distillate yield and to reduce CLB yield.Besides, the representative of Co metal in the limonite (?5-10 %bk) could givesynergism effect with FeOOH to improve the activity of limonite.Kata Kunci: g?FeOOH, pyrite (FeS2), limonite, soroako, coal liquefaction
EFEKTIVITAS PENAMBAHAN NIKEL PADA PENCAIRAN BATUBARA PERINGKAT RENDAH MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ALAMI LIMONIT Yusnitati, Yusnitati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (284.909 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v2i1.1528

Abstract

Coal liquefaction of brown coal from South Banko coal was conducted using 5 Lautoclave batch reactor. the effect of nickel addition on the activity of naturallimonite catalyst from Soroako was investigated by comparing the amount ofnickel addition to the reaction.Tthis study showed that original nickel ferritepresent in natural limonite did not play a significant role in increasing the activityof iron compounds in limonite. This study was also pointed out that ironcompound (?-FeOOH) was the major compound for obtaining high oil yield inliquefaction of low rank coal.Kata kunci: liquefaction, low rank coal, nickel ferrite, soroako limonite

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