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INDONESIA
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02169541     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
Enerlink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan 2 kali setahun oleh Pusat Teknologi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Energi dan Industri Kimia BPPT di bidang energi dan lingkungan. Enerlink is a scientific journal that publishes twice annually by Centre of Energy Technology and Chemical Industry of BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)" : 6 Documents clear
ECONOMICS OF BCL PROCESS FOR BERAU AND MULIA COAL IN KALIMANTAN Lambok Hilarius Silalahi; Masaaki Tamura; Shunichi Yanai
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1537

Abstract

BPPT dan Kobe Steel telah berhasil melaksanakan studi kelayakan (1999-2001)pencairan batubara untuk memproduksi bahan bakar bersih dari batubara BAnkoSumatera Selatan. Pada tahun fiscal 2002 lokasi pabrik dan bahan umpan sudahdigantikan dengan lokasi tepi pantai. Tujuan utama studi untuk menginvestigasipengaruh lokasi pabrik terhadap keekonomian proyek, dan identifikasi kelayakanproyek pencairan batubara secara langsung sebagai pabrik komersal priponir diIndonesia. Tuisan ini membahas secara ringkas analisa keekonomian pabrik.Ditemukan kualitas batubara Mulia dan Berau mempunyai karakteristik pencairanyang superior, pabrik pencairan pionir seharusnya dibangun di tepi pantai.Terdapat reduksi yang signifikan dalam biaya konstruksi, shipping, dan biayatransportasi produk. Analisis financial berdasarkan metode DCFmerekomendasikan pabrik dengan kapasitas 12,000 ton per hari menghasilkanminyak batubara pada tahun 2011, pada tingkat harga US$ 23.3/bbl FOB BerauLati and US$ 26.1/bbl FOB Mulia Satui. Minyak batubara hasil pencairanbatubara Berau lebih murah dari Mulia karena batubara Berau kadar airnya lebihrendah dan struktur yield produk lebih baik. Pabrik pionir skala 3,000 ton per haridi Berau Lati mungkin layak jika diberikan insentif dapat menghasilkan hargayang lebih rendah, bunga pinjaman lebih rendah dan lainnya.Keywords: batubara berau, batubara mulia, pencairan batubara, kasus dekatpantai, sensitifitas, analisis keekonomian
PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO DAN YALLOURN SEBAGAI EFEK DARI PERUBAHAN SUPLAI HIDROGEN Yuli Artanto; Yusnitati Yusnitati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1538

Abstract

A comparison of liquefaction characteristic of two brown coals (South Banko andYallourn coals) was studied. A 5L autoclave batch reactor was used under thecondition with temperature at 450 oC , reaction holding time 60 minutes. Theinitial hydrogen pressure was varied to compare the effect of different reactionpressure on the product perolehans. The oil yield for Banko Selatan and Yallournincreased 6% and 18%, respectively, by increasing initial hydrogen pressurefrom 10 MPa to 15 MPa. However in accordance with increasing pressure from15 MPa to 20 MPa, the yield did not change remarkably. On the other hand, theCLB perolehan was significantly decreased for both coals when the pressure wasincreased from 10 to 15MPa. Moreover, the CLB yield was abruptly decreasedwhen the hydrogen pressure drastically change to 20Mpa. It was found that theincreasing reaction pressure only affected to the yield of hydrocarbon gas slightlybut remarkably influenced the CO and CO2 gas production for Yallourn coal butnot for South Banko coal.Kata Kunci: coal liquefaction, south banko coal, yallourn coal, oil yield
PROSES KATALITIK DISTILAT MINYAK BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN DENGAN HYDROTREATMENT SATU TAHAP DAN DUA TAHAP Sri Djangkung Sumbogo Murti
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1539

Abstract

Catalytic hydrotreatment of South Banko coal liquid (SBCL) distillates wasstudied through single and two-stage hydrotreatment over a commercialNiMo/Al2O3 catalyst. The hydrotreatment was conducted in an autoclave of 50 mlcapacity under the conditions of 360 – 450 oC and 30 – 120 min at initialhydrogen pressure of 10 MPa. The hydrotreatment reduced the contents of allhetero-atom species (S, N and O). sulfur species were easiest to be removedeven at low temperature of 360 oC. In contrast nitrogen species were mostrefractory. The higher temperature and more amount of catalyst enhanced thedenitrogenation reaction. The two-stage hydrotreatment was more effective forthe denitrogenation and deoxygenation because of the fresh hydrogen in thesecond stage and the combination of lower and higher reaction temperature ateach stage.Kata kunci: hydrotreatment katalitik, heteroatom, single and two stagehydrotreatment, katalis, desulfurisasi, denitrogenasi,deoksigenasi, GC-AED
PROSES HIDROGENASI MINYAK BATUBARA UNTUK PEMENUHAN TARGET MUTU PASAR Dhani Avianto Sugeng
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1540

Abstract

A characterization of synthetic liquefied oil from coal was conducted to preparefor further treatment of its quality. One of few techniques in improving the coal oilis done through hydrotreatment process to remove its nitrogen, sulfur, oxygenand aromatics contents known as heteroatoms which make the oil stability notgood. Experiment using small-scale fixed bed reactor shows there is animprovement in the quality of recycle solvent used for coal liquefaction after firsthydrotreatment. coal slurry using first hydrotreated oil as solvent shows lowerviscosity than that of non-hydrotreated oil, and if mixed with coal from Banko, thecoal concentration could achieve as high as 50%. Nitrogen and sulfur contents inhydrotreated oil are reduced to negligible level and the storage stability isremarkably improved after hydrotreatment. The quality of fuel from secondhydrotreatment is still lower than that of petroleum productc in terms of ‘cetanenumber’, ‘smoke point’, contents of sulfur and aromatics.Kata kunci: hydrotreatment, smoke point, fixed bed reator, heteroatom,synthetic liquefied oil, recycle solvent
EVALUASI REAKTIFITAS KATALIS NiMo DALAM PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN DAN AUSTRALIAN LOY YANG Hartiniati Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1541

Abstract

Indonesia South Banko (BS) and Australian Loy Yang (LY) were liquefied usingtwo hydrogenation catalysts, Ni/Mo and Co/Mo at mild condition (400oC, 6MPa(H2 cold)). The study shows that the use of Ni/Mo in hydrogenation for both BSand LY coals gives a higher total conversion, asphaltene and OGW (oil-gaswater)yields than that of Co/Mo. The use of Ni/Mo for LY coal hydrogenationgives higher total coanversion and asphaltene yield than SB coal. This suggeststhat SB has more condensed structure than LY coal. However, the amount of oilyield is similar for both coals. Furthermore, the use of Co/Mo for both coals alsogives almost equal result in total conversion, asphaltene and OGW yields.Addition of sulphur (as CS2) enhances the total conversion and OGW yield forboth catalysts Ni/Mo and Co/Mo. Sulphur addition on Ni/Mo treated coal did notimprove the asphaltene yield, but converted it into lower molecular weight.Adding sulphur could also improve total conversion for Co/Mo treated coal similarto Ni/Mo/CS2 treated coal. Increasing reaction time also improves the totalconversion, asphaltene and OGW yield. The reactivitiy of BS and LY in this studyis also dependent on their behaviour or characteristic, such the environment ofoxygen content in the macro structure of the coal.Kata kunci: south banko coal, australian loy yang coal, ni/mo catalyst, co/mocatalyst, asphaltene, coal liquefaction
PROSPEK PEMANFAATAN BAHAN BAKAR BATUBARA CAIR (BBBC) UNTUK MENDUKUNG DIVERSIFIKASI ENERGI Irawan Rahardjo
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1542

Abstract

A study of energy diversification in Indonesia and the how role of coalliquefaction if implemented w conducted. Liquified brown coal fuel (LBCF) is apotential alternative energy for substituting crude oil, which is processed toproduce synthetic fuel from coal. In addition, the government policy on reducingoil dependency makes the liquified brown coal fuel an option which must berealized soon. This paper reveals that LBCF is very prospective in order tosupport energy diversification program. In 2014 LBCF from Berau plant wouldsubstitute Balikpapan oil refinery throughput as much as 20% or about 57.99 PJ.It increases to 42.5% or 173.96 PJ in 2020. LPG produced as side product ofliquefaction plant could be used to support LPG supplied by LPG plant Aral andBadak and Balikpapan oil refinery. The amount of the substitution is increasingup to 56% in 2018, or at a rate of 19.52% per year.Kata kunci: coal liquefaction, diversification, liquid petroleum gas

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