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Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 19079761     EISSN : 25030310     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
MOLEKUL is a peer-reviewed journal of chemistry published by the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia. Publishing frequency 2 issues per year, on May and November. This Journal encompasses all branches of chemistry and its sub-disciplines including Pharmaceutical, Biological activities of Synthetic Drugs, Environmental Chemistry, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, and Agricultural Chemistry.
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Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 1 (2017)" : 14 Documents clear
Steroid Compounds From Gynura pseudochina (Lour) DC Ferlinahayati Ferlinahayati; Roby Pahala J Gultom; Herlina Herlina; Eliza Eliza
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (527.614 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.293

Abstract

Daun dewa (Gynura pseudochina Lour DC) is a one of popular traditional medicine to treat various diseases. This research was conducted to isolate chemical compounds from daun dewa leaves using various chromatographic techniques. A steroid mixture namely b-sitosterol (1a) and stigmasterol (1b) were isolated for the first time from the methanol extract of daun dewa. The structures were determined base on spectral evidence including IR, NMR 1D and NMR 2D.
Quantitative Analysis of Relationship Structure and Anionic Surfactant Micelle Concentration Critic With Semiempiris AM1 Eva Vaulina Yulistia Delsy; Ponco Iswanto; Sandi Winaryo
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (361.523 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.245

Abstract

This research determines the mathematical equation which calculate the Concentration Micelle Critic theoretical anionic surfactant. The research was conducted the depiction of each surfactant anionic three-dimensional compound models, followed by optimizing the model structure anionic surfactant by using AM1 calculation method. Furthermore the calculation of descriptors (QSPR method), then it was analyzed statistically using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The results of statistical calculations showed that to calculate the theoretical CMC anionic surfactant can use the QSPR equation: log CMC = 4.157+0.118qC1+7.698qC2+0.425α–0.010µ-0.129RD–0.138 log P+0.021BM–0.034Avdw, n = 100 ; r = 0.927 ; r2 = 0.860 ; SE = 0.352 ; F= 30.888 ; PRESS = 23.506
Isolation and evaluation of the antioxidant actity of phenolic constituents of the Garcinia sizygiifolia Muharni Muharni; Elfita Elfita; Didi Pratama
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (569.938 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.335

Abstract

Garcinia sizygiifolia  is  a native plant to the South Sulawesi region popularly known as sula and has been cultivated in several regions in Indonesia.  The plant by local community use as a food and source of wood, but has not found information on chemical content and biological activity.  Therefore, this study was carried out to Isolation and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the phenolic constituent of the G. sizygiifolia.  A 30.0 g portion of ethyl acetate extract of the stembark G. sizygiifolia were separated by column chromatography method using silica G 60 F254 (230-400 mesh), eluted gradient polarity mixtures of n-hexane-ethyl acetate were collected and sorted into fractions. Fraction  F 1 (5.2 g) were separated and purified again by chromatography method until pure compound obtained. The structure of the isolated compound was determined using UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method. The isolated  pure compound was a yellow solid with melting point 148-149 oC. Base on spectroscopy data and by comparison with data from the literature, isolated compound is a known compound 2,4-dihydroxyphenylethanone. The compound exhibited antioxidant activity with IC50 96 µg/mL against DPPH.
Hemostatic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Piper betle, Linn Leaves to Male Mice Sadakata Sinulingga; Subandrate Subandrate; Bebbi Arisya Kesumaputri; Galuh Anggraini
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (691.96 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.264

Abstract

Hemorrhage occurs in most of the dental care. Untreated hemorrhage could cause excessive blood loss, hypotension, and cyanosis. A Natural resource that reported has an hemostatic effect is ethanol extract of betel leaves (Piper betel, Linn).The aim of this study is to find the minimum concentration of ethanol extract of betel leaves which capable of shortening the bleeding time in mice. The experimental study used pretest-posttest with control group design was conducted on 35 mice that divided into 7 group which are negative control, positive control (feracrylum 1%), the ethanol extract of betel leaves 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. All mice were injected heparin intravenously. Mice’s tail was cut at diameter 3 mm and pretest bleeding time was counted. Mice’s tail was recut at diameter 4 mm, given treatment for 5 seconds and posttest bleeding time was counted. Results of paired t-test showed that reduction of bleeding time between pretest and posttest was significant (p<0,050). The enhancement of ethanol extract of betel leaves concentration leads to better hemostatic effect. Results of ANOVA test showed that comparison of posttest bleeding time among groups was significant (p<0,050). The minimum concentration of ethanol extract of betel leaves which capable of shortening the bleeding time in mice is 5%.
Immobilization and Characterization of Bacillus Thuringiensis HCB6 Amylase in Calcium Alginate Matrix Zusfahair Zusfahair; Dian Riana Ningsih; Dwi Kartika; Amin Fatoni; Indah Permatawati
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (508.968 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.249

Abstract

Free enzyme in solution react with substrates to result in products which cannot be recovered for reuse. These problems can be overcome to a certain extent by the use of enzyme immobilization method. Immobilized enzymes are more robust and more resistant to condition changes. More importantly, the heterogeneous immobilized enzyme systems allow an easy recovery of both enzymes and products, multiple re-uses of enzymes, and continuous operation of enzymatic processes. Entrapment of enzymes in Ca-alginate is one of the simplest methods of immobilization. The aim of this research was to obtain the optimum condition of the making of immobilized amylase beads using a Ca-alginate bead and to determine its characteristics. The optimization of immobilized amylase beads includes variation of sodium alginates and variations of enzyme contact time with CaCl2. The characterization of immobilized amylase includes determination of optimum substrate concentration, optimum pH, and optimum incubation time as well as amylase stability test. Amylase activity was determined by using dinitro salicylic (DNS) method. The results showed that the optimum immobilized amylase obtained at alginate concentrations of 5% (w/v), contact time of 60 minutes and immobilization efficiency of 67.5%. Furthermore, immobilized amylase showed optimum substrate concentration of 1.5-2.5% (w/v), optimum pH of 6, an optimum incubation time of 20 minutes with the activity of 179.8 U/mL. The KM value for free amylase and immobilized amylases were 0.3 mM and 0.12 mM respectively. Vmax value for free amylase and immobilized amylases were 105.3 U/mL and 10.1 U/mL respectively. Immobilized Amylase can be used up to six times with the residual activity of 52.7%.
Expression of Recombinant Antibody Fragment, Anti BNP-SCFV on the Periplasm of Escherichia Coli for the Detection of Heart Failure Shabarni Gaffar; Sofyan Multazam N Aji; Yeni W Hartati; Safri Ishmayana; Toto Subroto
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (448.733 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.288

Abstract

Basic natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a polypeptide hormone consist of 32 amino acids that secreted by the heart ventricle to respond the excessive stretching of heart muscle cells. BNP can be used as prognostic marker for patients with heart failure. The presence of BNP in blood can be detected by BNP antibody, which is anti BNP-single chain variable fragment (Anti BNP-SCFV). The antibody is a combination of polypeptides between varying region on the heavy chain (VH) and the light chain (VL) of immunoglobulin. Anti BNP-SCFV will bind to BNP through the antigen-antibody interaction. Concentration of BNP in a patient’s blood can be detected through the interaction of BNP with Anti BNP-SCFV using immunosensor method. Production of recombinant Anti BNP-SCFV in Escherichia coli as host is reported in the present study. Anti BNP-SCFV was expressed in fusion form with OmpC signal peptide that direct the protein to a periplasmic space. Expression was performed under RhaBad promoter as control using L-rhamnose as inducer. SDS-PAGE characterization showed consistent band at 28 kDa, which was assumed as Anti BNP-SCFV. The optimum expression was found at four hours after induction with 4 mM inducer. Anti BNP-SCFV was secreted from the cell as characterized by the presence of the protein on periplasmic membrane and extracellular fraction.
Anatomical and Molecular Responses of Soy Bean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) Due to Salinity Stresses Juwarno Juwarno; Siti Samiyarsih
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (565.315 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.255

Abstract

Current study was aimed to explore both anatomical and molecular responses of 3 soy bean cultivars (Mahameru, Slamet and Detam) which was given salinity stress. Data of the Mahameru cultivar showed that the widest  stomata  on upper epiderm 11.38 µm, the thickest upper epiderm was 10.71µm, but  the thickest of lower epiderm was only 9.98 µm, the highest density of stomata on lower epiderm was 13.66 per mm2 leaf area, and the thickest mesophyll was 110.37 µm. Molecular marker applying OPA-2 primer with RAPD technique showed the Detam and Slamet cultivars were having different bands one to each other even with the Mahameru cultivar. While the application of OPA-4 primer with the same technique showed there were no genetically different on Mahameru cultivar between control and  treatment 80 mM NaCl. The OPA-8 primer showed that the control block of Slamet cultivar  was different from either control block of others as well as treatment block of 80 mM NaCl. The use of OPA-18 primer showed that the Slamet cultivar of the control block  and so its 80 mM NaCl block was different from Detam and Mahameru, where the 500th base of Slamet cultivar did not have DNA band.
Activity of Superoxide Dismutase Mimic of [Mn(salen)OAc] Complex Compound Non-enzymatically in Vitro Through Riboflavin Photoreduction Yusi Deawati; Djulia Onggo; Irma Mulyani; Iwan Hastiawan; Dikdik Kurnia
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (563.163 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.294

Abstract

The complex compound of [Mn(salen)OAc] can serve as mSOD and its activity has been determined non-enzymatically in vitro through riboflavin photoreduction. The complex was synthesized from Mn(OAc)2.4H2O and H2salen. Based on the elemental analysis, the C=56.69%; H=4.21%; and N=7.52% content are corresponding to the chemical formula of MnC18H17N2O4. The functional groups and ionic species in the complex have been analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and ESI-MS. SOD activity was determined by mixing complex at various concentrations with riboflavin and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), then the mixture was lighted with 20 Watt tungsten lamp for 15 minutes in a closed box. Then the reduced NBT absorptions were measured at λ 560 nm. The difference of absorbance between standard and sample solutions (without and with riboflavin, respectively) was multiplied by 100% to obtain %inhibition of each various sample concentration against NBT. SOD activity was obtained from IC50 data defined as a 50% inhibition of the plot curve of % inhibition to the concentration of the complex. The result obtained for this compound is IC50 = 2.7 ± 0.05 µM as well as enzymatic method. Therefore, this method can be used to determine the SOD activity by giving more stability and accuracy of IC50 value.
Gene Expression Changes and Anti-proliferative Effect of Noni (Morinda Citrifolia) Fruit Extract Analysed by Real Time-PCR Hermansyah Hermansyah; Susilawati Susilawati
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (674.733 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2017.12.1.333

Abstract

To elucidate the anti-proliferative effect of noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruit extract for a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model organism, analysis of gene expression changes related to cell cycle associated with inhibition effect of noni fruit extract was carried out. Anti-proliferative of noni fruit extract was analyzed using gene expression changes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strains FY833 and BY4741).  Transcriptional analysis of genes that play a role in cell cycle was conducted by growing cells on YPDAde broth medium containing 1% (w/v) noni fruit extract, and then subjected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).  Transcriptional level of genes CDC6 (Cell Division Cycle-6), CDC20 (Cell Division Cycle-20), FAR1 (Factor ARrest-1), FUS3 (FUSsion-3), SIC1 (Substrate/Subunit Inhibitor of Cyclin-dependent protein kinase-1), WHI5 (WHIskey-5), YOX1 (Yeast homeobOX-1) and YHP1 (Yeast Homeo-Protein-1) increased, oppositely genes expression of DBF4 (DumbBell Forming), MCM1 (Mini Chromosome Maintenance-1) and TAH11 (Topo-A Hypersensitive-11) decreased, while the expression level of genes CDC7 (Cell Division Cycle-7), MBP1 (MIul-box Binding Protein-1) and SWI6 (SWItching deficient-6) relatively unchanged. These results indicated that gene expression changes might associate with anti-proliferative effect from noni fruit extract. These gene expressions changes lead to the growth inhibition of S.cerevisiae cell because of cell cycle defect.
Correction to: Histochemical Changes Liver and Kidney of Mice Exposed to Mercury and Recovery with Nanogold. Molekul, (2016) 11(1), 80-91. - Editors
Molekul Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (71.768 KB)

Abstract

Corrigendum to:In Abstract typed as: "The background of this research is the circulation cosmetic with mercury that occur today in society. The problem of the research is that occur histochemical’s damage liver and kidney after exposure to mercury, and is that nanogold can recovery that damage. The pre-clinical study needed 24 mice (Mus muscullus) were divided into 6 groups, the control is A group, B group  was exposed to mercury, Groups C, D, E and F after being exposed to mercury, than recovery by nanogold with concentration each of 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm. Exposure was performed 1 week and 4 weeks of recovery. Necropsy of mice doing after treatment, liver and kidneys are processed into preparations by blocking with paraffin embedding method. Histochemical staining of liver and kidney tissue with Hematoxylin eosin (HE) to determine changes of cell constituent and staining Van Geyson to determine the structure of collagen constituent. Statistics Manova showed different results between treatment groups. Tissue damage, lysis cell and destruction of collagen can be observed from histochemical techniques for mercury-exposed group compared to the control group. Tissue and collagen recovery process can be observed from group C, D, E and F. The conclusion that the effects of mercury one week exposed through skin give effect to collagen tissue damage at liver and kidneys of mice. 20 ppm of Nanogold can recovery damaged cells and collagen tissue from the liver and kidneys of mice after four weeks of recovery”. In the abstract, some English grammar should be corrected.Erratum:In Abstract section, some English grammars have been corrected. Therefore, the sentence in the Abstract was corrected to “Background study of this research is today phenomena of cosmetic with mercury circulation that occurs in society. This research focused on histochemical’s damage liver and kidney after exposure to mercury did occur or not, and nanogold can recovery that damage or not. The pre-clinical study needed 24 mice (Mus muscullus) which were divided into 6 groups, including A group as a control group, B group which was exposed to mercury, C, D, E and F groups which were exposed to mercury, then recovery by nanogold with concentration each of 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm. The exposure was performed in 1 week and 4 weeks of recovery time. Necropsy of mice was done after liver and kidneys treatment were processed into preparats by blocking using paraffin embedding method. Histochemical staining of liver and kidney tissue were investigated using Hematoxylin eosin (HE) to determine changes of cell constituent, and staining Van Geyson was used to determine the structure of collagen constituent. Statistics Manova showed different results between treatment groups. Tissue damage, lysis cell and destruction of collagen can be observed from histochemical techniques for mercury-exposed group compared to the control group. Tissue and collagen recovery process can be observed from C, D, E and F group. Thus, it can be concluded that one week mercury exposured through skin gave effect on collagen tissue damage at liver and kidneys of mice. The nanogold concentration of 20 ppm can recovery the damaged cells and collagen tissue from the liver and kidneys of mice after four weeks of recovery time.”

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