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Gangguan fisiologis wereng batang padi coklat akibat pemberian abu terbang batubara Hafiz Fauzana; F. X. Wagiman; Edhi Martono
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Coal fly ash (CFA) can be used as a control agent of brown plant hopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera; Delphacidae). This study was aimed to investigate the physiological disorders in BPH when exposed to CFA. The research was conducted by carrying out tests covering the mortality of BPH, measurement of BPH weight before and after CFA treatment, an analysis of the moisture content in BPH, an analysis of the BPH tissue, and a chemical analysis of BPH. The results of the study showed that the mortality rate of BPH after treatment was 71%. The physiological disorders due to CFA treatment was indicated by a 67.04% weight reduction as opposed to a 6.9% weight increase on the control specimens. The average moisture content of the treated BPH was significantly lower than that of the control specimens. CFA caused a shrinkage of body tissues and an increase in the contents of silica and alumina on BPH.

Biologi dan kelimpahan tungau merah Tetranychus sp. (Acari: Tetranychidae) pada dua kultivar jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) Sugeng Santoso; Aunu Rauf; Nelly Mastina Gultom; Elna Karmawati; Widi Rumini
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Red spider mite Tetranychus sp. is one of the most important pests attacking leaves of Jatropha curcas. The objective of this study was to elucidate life history parameters and abundance of spider mite on two J. curcas cultivars. Field studies were carried out in BALITTRI Pakuwon Sukabumi, and laboratory experiments were conducted at the Department of Plant Protection, Bogor Agricultural University, from June to November 2008. Cultivars significantly affected several life history parameters of the spider mite. Spider mite reared on IP1-P cultivar have longer oviposition period and higher fecundity than those on IP2-P (7.00 days and 25.56 eggs against 5.00 days and 10.00 eggs). The sex ratio of spider mite was 3.2 : 1 on IP1-P and 2.5 : 1 on IP2-P. Intrinsic rate of increase was also higher on IP1-P. However, field studies indicated that the spider mite were less abundant on this cultivar. These might be due to the presence of other arthropods which were higher on IP1-P. In general, the highest population of spider mite occurred in August and the lowest in October–November. Predatory mite Family Phytoseiidae was found associated with spider mite, however its role as natural control agent was not significant.

Pemodelan fenologi populasi penggerek batang padi kuning Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) berbasis pengaruh iklim Koem, Syahrizal; Koesmaryono, Yonny; Impron, Impron
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Rice stem borer abundance are largely influenced by climate. This research aims to (i) develop a population dynamic model of yellow stem borer (YSB) and (ii) to assess the model's ability to predict abundance and population peak of YSB under climate change scenario SRES A1FI and B1. Modeling the YSB requires two major components: climate parameter and lower developmental threshold temperatures (To) to describe life cycle of YSB from the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. The research utilized DYMEX software to describe development, mortality, transfer of individuals from one to the next life stages, fecundity and reproduction of YSB. The coefficient of determination (R2) of calibration models between predictions and observations showed a strong positive correlation of 0.65. Model validation could well predict the peak population, with R2 = 0.42. The simulations showed that the trend of population peak occur at high rainfall i.e. in March to April, July to September, and November to December. The model predicted YSB population in the Sukamandi reaches 3 generations per year, while in Kuningan 2 generations per year. Simulation models under climate change scenarios SRES A1FI and B1 showed differences in the sensitivities. Trend of YSB population is increasing in the regions Kuningan and decreasing in region Sukamandi. Under changing climate, environment conditions in Kuningan become more suitable for the proliferation of YSB, allowing an increase in the number of generations per year.

Asosiasi antara marka SSR dengan ketahanan terhadap wereng batang coklat pada varietas dan calon galur harapan padi Chaerani Chaerani; Dwinita W. Utami; Nurul Hidayatun; Buang Abdullah; Bambang Suprihatno
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Development of resistant rice varieties to brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stål) must be countinuously conducted to overcome the spatial and temporal genetic change in BPH into more virulent ones which can adapt to resistance rice. The availability of linked molecular markers with BPH resistant trait can speed up selection of hybridization progenies. Close-linked markers with trait of interest can be identified using association studies between markers and phenotypic data of unrelated individuals without the need to generate hybridization progenies as an alternative method to linkage studies which use mapping population. The objective of this study was to analyze the association of rice simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with resistance to BPH. Forty-four rice varieties and promising lines with known resistance degree to BPH biotype 3 were assessed using 30 rice microsatellite markers previously mapped in the rice chromosomal regions with effects on resistance to BPH. Association test between SSR markers and BPH resistance scores revealed eight markers (RM17, RM38, RM125, RM144, RM250, RM287, RM328, dan RM536) which were significantly associated with BPH resistance (R2=0,18 to 0,89; P<0,05). Twenty-one varieties and 11 promising lines were detected to contain SSR alleles that were associated with BPH resistance. Marker RM17 was detected in 15 varieties and 11 promising lines which were scored as resistant and moderately resistant to BPH and therefore it is potentially the most useful as early diagnostic marker to detect BPH resistance alleles. Nevertheless, to obtain SSRs that can be used as reliable selection markers for BPH resistance, marker analysis in segregating populations for the eight markers is still needed as well as association test of more SSR markers widely distributed in rice chromosomes.

Neraca kehidupan kutukebul Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) pada tanaman cabai dan gulma babadotan pada suhu 25 °C dan 29 °C Subagyo, Vani Nur Oktaviany; Hidayat, Purnama
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest on horticultural crops that can also become a vector of Geminivirus that transmit the yellow curl disease. B. tabaci can also attack weeds that grow around the field such as Ageratum conyzoides or goatweed. The objective of this research was to study the life cycle, life time, fecundity, and reproduction rate of B. tabaci on chili pepper and goatweed. The experiment was conducted by observing the development of 50 eggs into adulthood. All 50 eggs were put on one plant and repeated 3 times. The plants were grown at temperatures 25 °C and 29 °C inside growth chamber (L : D = 12 : 12). The result of this experiments showed that at both temperatures of 25 °C and 29 °C, reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r) and fecundity of B. tabaci were higher on goatweed than chili pepper. This implies that the existence of goatweed around chili pepper in the field can serve as a good alternative host for B. tabaci, hereby supporting the pest population even further.

Aras kerusakan ekonomi (AKE) larva Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada tiga fase pertumbuhan tanaman jagung Subiadi, Subiadi; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Martono, Edhi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) is an important economic pest of corn and is widely distributed in the Asia-Pacific region, including Indonesia. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of infestation levels of O. furnacalis larvae per plant on corn grain yield reductions, and to determine economic injury levels (EIL) of O. furnacalis larvae at three growth stages (V10, R1, and R2) of corn. The experiment was designed in a split-plot randomized complete block with blocks replicated three times. Differences in grain weight between the uninfested and highest infestation levels (six larvae per plant) V10, R1, and R2 were 59.81; 58.76; and 49.20 g/plant, respectively. For each additional infestation by one larvae per plant at V10, R1, dan R2, there is reduction in grain weight of 4.94%, 4.56% and 3.76% respectively. The calculation of EILs was based on the proportion of yield loss per larvae per plant on three corn growth stages with the assumption that pesticide control reduced 67% of O. furnacalis population. The lowest EIL was 0.31 larvae per plant at V10 when the cost of control reaching Rp.125,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.12,000,000 per ha. The highest EIL of 1.24 larvae per plant was found at R2 with the cost of control of Rp.250,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.8,000,000 per ha.

Pemodelan fenologi populasi penggerek batang padi kuning Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) berbasis pengaruh iklim Koem, Syahrizal; Koesmaryono, Yonny; Impron, Impron
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.1.1

Rice stem borer abundance are largely influenced by climate. This research aims to (i) develop a population dynamic model of yellow stem borer (YSB) and (ii) to assess the model's ability to predict abundance and population peak of YSB under climate change scenario SRES A1FI and B1. Modeling the YSB requires two major components: climate parameter and lower developmental threshold temperatures (To) to describe life cycle of YSB from the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. The research utilized DYMEX software to describe development, mortality, transfer of individuals from one to the next life stages, fecundity and reproduction of YSB. The coefficient of determination (R2) of calibration models between predictions and observations showed a strong positive correlation of 0.65. Model validation could well predict the peak population, with R2 = 0.42. The simulations showed that the trend of population peak occur at high rainfall i.e. in March to April, July to September, and November to December. The model predicted YSB population in the Sukamandi reaches 3 generations per year, while in Kuningan 2 generations per year. Simulation models under climate change scenarios SRES A1FI and B1 showed differences in the sensitivities. Trend of YSB population is increasing in the regions Kuningan and decreasing in region Sukamandi. Under changing climate, environment conditions in Kuningan become more suitable for the proliferation of YSB, allowing an increase in the number of generations per year.

Neraca kehidupan kutukebul Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) pada tanaman cabai dan gulma babadotan pada suhu 25 °C dan 29 °C Subagyo, Vani Nur Oktaviany; Hidayat, Purnama
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.1.11

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest on horticultural crops that can also become a vector of Geminivirus that transmit the yellow curl disease. B. tabaci can also attack weeds that grow around the field such as Ageratum conyzoides or goatweed. The objective of this research was to study the life cycle, life time, fecundity, and reproduction rate of B. tabaci on chili pepper and goatweed. The experiment was conducted by observing the development of 50 eggs into adulthood. All 50 eggs were put on one plant and repeated 3 times. The plants were grown at temperatures 25 °C and 29 °C inside growth chamber (L : D = 12 : 12). The result of this experiments showed that at both temperatures of 25 °C and 29 °C, reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r) and fecundity of B. tabaci were higher on goatweed than chili pepper. This implies that the existence of goatweed around chili pepper in the field can serve as a good alternative host for B. tabaci, hereby supporting the pest population even further.

Aras kerusakan ekonomi (AKE) larva Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada tiga fase pertumbuhan tanaman jagung Subiadi, Subiadi; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Martono, Edhi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.1.19

The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) is an important economic pest of corn and is widely distributed in the Asia-Pacific region, including Indonesia. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of infestation levels of O. furnacalis larvae per plant on corn grain yield reductions, and to determine economic injury levels (EIL) of O. furnacalis larvae at three growth stages (V10, R1, and R2) of corn. The experiment was designed in a split-plot randomized complete block with blocks replicated three times. Differences in grain weight between the uninfested and highest infestation levels (six larvae per plant) V10, R1, and R2 were 59.81; 58.76; and 49.20 g/plant, respectively. For each additional infestation by one larvae per plant at V10, R1, dan R2, there is reduction in grain weight of 4.94%, 4.56% and 3.76% respectively. The calculation of EILs was based on the proportion of yield loss per larvae per plant on three corn growth stages with the assumption that pesticide control reduced 67% of O. furnacalis population. The lowest EIL was 0.31 larvae per plant at V10 when the cost of control reaching Rp.125,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.12,000,000 per ha. The highest EIL of 1.24 larvae per plant was found at R2 with the cost of control of Rp.250,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.8,000,000 per ha.

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Contact Email
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Journal Mail Official
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Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA