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ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 22249028 EISSN : 22249028 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Education, Engineering,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Mathematics

The coverage is focused on, but not limited to, the main areas of activity of ASEAN COST, namely: Biotechnology, Non-Conventional Energy Research, Materials Science and Technology, Marine Sciences, Meteorology and Geophysics, Food Science and Technology, Microelectronics and Information Technology, Space Applications, and Science and Technology Policy, Infrastructure and Resources Development.

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Articles 477 Documents

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A METHOD BUILD FUZZY ASSOCIATE MEMORY FOR FUZZY CONTROL PROBLEMS Ha Pham Thanh; Ho Nguyen Cat; Lan Vu Nhu
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Building fuzzy associate memory accordance with control problems has great meaning for control methods In this paper we propose a method, that build fuzzy associate memory for control problem based on optimal trajectory of control problem, the method developed by theory hedge algebras and genetic algorithm.

THE EVIDENCE OF NON N-GLYCAN LINKED MANNOSE IN EXOCHITINASE (42 kDa) FROM Trichoderma harzianum BIO10671 GLYCOSYLATION Muskhazli Mustafa; Faridah Qamaruz Zaman; Salfarina Ramli; Nor Farizan Tohfah; Nalisha Ithnin; Greg Wallis
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Chitinase 42 kDa produced by Trichoderma harzianum has been proven as a prime compound to be excreted onto the hyphae of the pathogen causing localised cell wall lysis at the point of interaction. This finally initiate the process of the host cell becomes empty of cytoplasm, disintegrates and shows a rapid collapse. This study investigates the existence of N-glycan linked mannose in chitinase 42 kDa produced by the Malaysian T. harzianum strain BIO10671. The chitinase 42 kDa from T. harzianum BIO10671 was initially purified using anion exchange chromatography prior to a series of experiments such as immunoblotting against the chitinase 42 kDa antibody, lectin staining for detecting any terminal linked mannose, and galactofuranose detection to determine the presence of galatofuranose components in glycoproteins. The enzyme purification harvested about 12-fold of chitinase 42 kDa from T. harzianum BIO10671 with strong indication of the presence chitinase 42 kDa presence on SDS-Page. This was confirmed by immunoblotting with a strong response around 42 kDa after overnight incubation in chitinase 42 kDa antibody suggesting that the gene for chitinase 42 kDa was greatly expressed in this strain. There are no intervation of galatofuranose on any of the terminal mannose in chitinase 42 kDa as shown by negative results on samples treated with or without endoglycosidase-H and lectin staining. Therefore, it can be concludeed that glycosylation occurred in the chitinase 42 kDa from T. harzianum 42 kDa was not in the form of N-glycan linked mannose as expected.

MICROBIAL DIVERSITY IN TRACE WATER OF JET FUEL IN VIETNAM Lai Thuy Hien; Pham Thi Hang; Vuong Thi Nga; Hoang Hai; Nobuyasu Yamaguchi; Katsuji Tani
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Microorganisms in petroleum product, including jet fuel, have been found by some English andAmerican authors since the 20’s of the last century. In 1958, after Bakanaukas isolated many microorganisms in jet fuel JP4, this topic was especially concentrated. Most of microorganisms living in jet fuel are able to degrade hydrocarbon of the fuel to obtain energy and carbon source for their growth. The presence of microorganisms in jet fuel not only brings about the lost of fuel in store process, but also briefly changes the component and structure of jet fuel. Moreover, the products of their metabolism, such as organic acids, alcohols, H2S are corrosive. Hence, they cause many problems for fuel reservoirs and tanks, leak plugging pipelines. Besides, filter system and plugging pipeline can become obstructed because of microorganisms’ biomass. This influences the plane safety. Therefore, many countries in the world consider microorganisms criteria as an important standard to estimate the jet fuel quality. From 1985 to 1990, in our country, Vietnam, there were some science projects about microorganisms in TC1 fuel. At the present, as all country in Asia, Vietnam used to utilize and import hundred tons of jet A1. Tropical climate of Vietnam is the suitable condition for growing of microorganisms. With C8-C18 alkane chains, jet fuel is carbon source for a lot of microorganisms, especially bacteria and fungi, which harmfully affect plane safety. Therefore, we aimed Vietnam airlines company to control the number of microorganisms in jet fuel of all Vietnam airplanes, as well as study on the diversity of microorganisms in trace water in fuel samples, looking for the reason why filter is obstructed to contribute to the jet fuel storing and safety in Vietnam.

SOME RESULTS OF STUDY ON PRESENT SITUATION OF HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE IN HANOI, VIETNAM To Thi Hai Yen; Pham Thi Thu Ha; Nguyen The Dong; Trinh Van Tuyen; Kosuke Kawai; Saburo Matsui
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This paper presents some results on the study of Solid waste generated by households (hereinafter referred to as HSW) in Hanoi city. Compositions of the waste generated from three typical communities and their relationship with family life-style of each community were investigated. Differences among compositions of HSW of three resident groups of different incomes, lifestyles were analyzed. Based on the study results, some measures for better management of HSW and maximum reuse and recycle of HSW were proposed. By this way, the amount of HSW transported to landfill could be reduced and stabilization phase of landfill sites could be shortened.

RAPID DETECTION OF ?-THALASSEMIA MUTATIONS IN THAILAND USING MULTIPLEX ARMS D. Shimbhu; S. Mirasena; M. Sanguansermsri; T. Sanguansermsri
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The number of mutations underlining b-thalassemia generate a wide variety of different clinical phenotypes. An understanding of the genotype is important for medical personnel in order to provide proper counseling to patients and their families. Characterization of these mutations should aid the planning of a prenatal diagnosis program for bthalassemia. The heterogeneity of the mutations makes it difficult and time consuming to identify the mutation in some individuals. We developed a single-tube multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (multiplex ARMS) to identify common ethnic- specific b-thalassemia mutations. Confirmation of multiplex ARMS results was carried out using direct sequencing. Three thousand three hundred twenty two people from Phitsanulok province were screened for the b-thalassemia trait by quantitation of HbA2 with microcolumn chromatography and the genotypes of mutations were characterized using multiplex ARMS and direct sequencing. We found that the deletion at codons 41/42 (-TCTT) was the most frequent (48%), codon 17 (A®T) (30%), -28 (A®G) (6%) and IVS-I-1(G®T) (6%) were the second and third in frequency respectively. A -87 (C®A) mutation (4%), IVS II-654 (C®T) (2%), codons 71/72 (+A) (2%) and codon 35 (C®A) mutations (2%) were also found. These techniques were found to be a valuable tool for analysis of b-thalassemia mutations because they are accurate, simple, and speedy in operation. The application for the diagnosis of severe thalassemia in high-risk pregnancies is promising.

STUDIES ON A NOVEL RECOMBINANT LIPASE A FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS FS2 Phung Thu Nguyet; Nguyen Hong Thanh; Truong Nam Hai; Jan-Christer Janson
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A strain of Bacillus subtilis FS2 isolated from a traditional fish source in Vietnam has been shown to produce an enzyme possessing both a gelatinase and a lipase A (LipA) activity when tested on agar plates containing 0.1% tributyrin and 0.3% gelatine. A gene encoding LipA was isolated and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The enzyme has got an apparent Mr of 24 kDa, a pI of 9.2 and was purified to electrophoretical homogeneity by affinity chromatography. Both the lipase and the gelatinase showed optimum activity at pH 10 and at 30 0 C, with highest activity in the range 25-37°C. The metal ions Fe++, Co++, and Mn++ at 10 mM had strong inhibitory effect on both activities whereas Ca++ had no effect and Zn++ had a slight enhancing effect. The specific enzymatic activities obtained were 19814 U/mg for the lipase and 1245 U/mg for the gelatinase.

PRETREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS FOR ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS Doan Thai Hoa; Tran Dinh Man; Ngo Viet Hau
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The cost of raw materials continues to be a limiting factor in the production of bio-ethanol from traditional raw materials, such as sugar and starch. At the same time, there are large amount of agricultural residues as well as industrial wastes that are of low or negative value (due to costs of current effluent disposal methods). Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of elephant grass and wood residues for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose has been investigated in this study. Elephant grass (agricultural residue) and sawdust (Pulp and Paper Industry waste) with a small particulate size were treated using different dilute sulfuric acid concentrations at a temperature of 140-170°C within 0.5-3 hours. The appropriate pretreatment conditions give the highest yield of soluble saccharides and total reducing sugars.

NEW FINDINGS NOTES OF THE PARASITIC NEMATODES OF TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES IN VIET NAM Pham Van Luc; Nguyen Vu Thanh; S.E. Spiridonov
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

First results of the parasitological survey of Vietnamese terrestrial invertebrates performed in 2007 demonstrate extreme diversity of nematodes parasitic in these animals. The most interesting new findings are nematodes of four superfamilies: Drilonematoidea, Thelastomatoidea, Rhabditoidea and Ransomnematoidea. Further progress was achieved in last three years in the studies of Drilonematoidea nematodes – coelomic parasites of earthworms. One new genus and several new species were discovered in large megascolecids collected in Bac Bo (Tam Dao) and Nam Bo (Bidoup - Nui Ba N.P.). Passalidae beetles are colonial coleopterans inhabiting rotten wood in tropical forests throughout tropics, and are known as characteristic hosts of one taxon of parasitic nematodes – family Hystrignathidae. The nematodes of this family were reported for the first time from Viet Nam in 2007. The fauna of parasitic nematodes of terrestrial mollusks is also diverse in Viet Nam. In addition to the new angiostomatids described in 2005 new Angiostoma species with unusual morphology was discovered in Cat Tien National Park. Nematodes of the family Hethidae were discovered in Vietnamese diplopods in 1997 but not identified up to species level. Examination of Heth specimens under light microscope and scanning electron microscope demonstrate prominent morphological differences between three samples from different areas in Viet Nam. Additional studies are needed to reveal the relationships of parasitic nematodes of terrestrial invertebrates found in Vietnam in 2007 and publish valid descriptions of these new taxa.

STUDY ON SOME PROPERTIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF COMPOSITES BASED ON POLYETHYLENE GRAFTED ACRYLIC ACID/ETHYLENE-VINYL ACETATE COPOLYMER/CALCIUM CARBONATE Thai Hoang; Do Van Cong
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Composites based on polyethylene grafted acrylic acid (PE-g-AAc)/ethylene-co-vinylacetate copolymer (EVA)/calcium carbonate (CaCO3) were prepared by melt mixing. Relative melt viscosity, morphology, mechanical properties and thermostability of the composites were studied. The experimental results show that the presence of (CaCO3) activated by stearic acid (10-20 wt.%) changes lightly stable torque of polymer blend of PE-g-AAc/EVA. Use of modified PE improves compatibility of PE and EVA as well as makes the components disperse into each other better than in blends using unmodified PE. Tensile strength and elongation at break of both polymer blends decrease with presence of CaCO3. However, tensile strength of the composites of PE-g-AAc/EVA/CaCO3 is higher than that of composites of PE/EVA/CaCO3. Beside that, the composites of PE-g-AAc/EVA/CaCO3 have thermostability higher than the composites of PE/EVA/CaCO3.

SYNTHESIS OF ACETIC ACID FROM ETHANOL BY ELECTROOXIDATION TECHNIQUE USING Ni-Cu-PVC ELECTRODE Riyanto Riyanto; Mohamed Rozali Othman; Jumat Salimon
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 25 No. 2 (2008): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A usage of Ni-Cu-PVC electrode for the oxidation of ethanol by electrochemical technique will be reported in this paper. In this work, the effect of electrodes on the yields of acetic acid was determined. Electrode used was made of the mixtures of Ni powder, Cu powder and of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with various percentages. Electrooxidation of 0.20 M ethanol in 0.16 M KOH (24 mL) were carried out using chrono coulometry (CC) at a potential of 1050 mV for 6 hours with continious stirring. Electrooxdation result obtained was analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The test result shows that the composition of Ni:Cu:PVC at 75:20:5 have higher efficiency in the electrooxidation of ethanol to acetic acid.

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