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IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)
Published by Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
ISSN : 20894872     EISSN : 22528938     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Engineering
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) publishes articles in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The scope covers all artificial intelligence area and its application in the following topics: neural networks; fuzzy logic; simulated biological evolution algorithms (like genetic algorithm, ant colony optimization, etc); reasoning and evolution; intelligence applications; computer vision and speech understanding; multimedia and cognitive informatics, data mining and machine learning tools, heuristic and AI planning strategies and tools, computational theories of learning; technology and computing (like particle swarm optimization); intelligent system architectures; knowledge representation; bioinformatics; natural language processing; multiagent systems; etc.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,722 Documents
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Improved convolutional neural networks for aircraft type classification in remote sensing images Alraba'nah, Yousef; Hiari, Mohammad
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1540-1547

Abstract

With the exponential growth of available data and computational power, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become as powerful tools for a wide range of applications, ranging from image classification to natural language processing. However, during last decade, remote sensing imagery has emerged as one of the most prominent areas in image processing. Variations in image resolution, size, aircraft types and complex backgrounds in remote sensing images challenge the aircraft classification task. This study proposes an effective aircraft classification model based on CNN architecture. The CNN network architecture is improved to achieve more accuracy rate and to avoid overfitting and underfitting problems. To validate the proposed model, a new public aircraft dataset called multi-type aircraft remote sensing images 2 (MTARSI2) has been used. Through an analysis of existing methodologies and experimental validation, the model shows the superior performance of the proposed CNN model in comparison to state-of-the-art deep learning approaches.
Advanced methodologies resolving dimensionality complications for autism neuroimaging dataset: a comprehensive guide for beginners Malviya, Meenakshi; Jayaraman, Chandra
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1201-1210

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is gender biased neurodevelopmental condition consisting of a triad of physiological symptoms. Neural images and neurobiology of cognitive disorders are complex but provide significant information and accurate visualization of developmental changes. The diagnosis is time-consuming and necessitates sufficient evidence to distinguish the disorder from other concomitant diseases. The most recent area of interest for cognitive research is neuroimaging, which is used to study the disorder's impact, affected region, and functional connectivity between the regions of interest. The challenges in the domain are the availability of data, the modalities of data, the selection of the correct processing strategies, and the result assessment complications. The study employed machine learning (ML) methods to process the autism data in both structural and functional data formats collected from the autism brain imaging data exchange (ABIDE) consortium. A comparative analysis among image processing methodologies with both data formats was successfully implemented. The variations in the processing pipeline and the outputs strongly suggest an emerging need for 3D/4D images to visualize better, accurate feature extraction and classification. The study aims to support the researchers in identifying the correct image format for specific objectives and the ML techniques, such as Gaussian median filters, segmentation methodologies for 2D data, or a well-defined preprocessing pipeline for 3D data, to achieve reliable and generalized results.
A comparative study of natural language inference in Swahili using monolingual and multilingual models Faki Ali, Hajra; Alfa Krisnadhi, Adila
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1597-1604

Abstract

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to opportunities for improving applications across various domains. However, existing LLMs fine-tuned for Swahili or other African languages often rely on pre-trained multilingual models, resulting in a relatively small portion of training data dedicated to Swahili. In this study, we compare the performance of monolingual and multilingual models in Swahili natural language inference tasks using the cross-lingual natural language inference (XNLI) dataset. Our research demonstrates the superior effectiveness of dedicated Swahili monolingual models, achieving an accuracy rate of 69%. These monolingual models exhibit significantly enhanced precision, recall, and F1 scores, particularly in predicting contradiction and neutrality. Overall, the findings in this article emphasize the critical importance of using monolingual models in low-resource language processing contexts, providing valuable insights for developing more efficient and tailored natural language processing systems that benefit languages facing similar resource constraints.
Enhancing emotion recognition model for a student engagement use case through transfer learning Qarbal, Ikram; Sael, Nawal; Ouahabi, Sara
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1576-1586

Abstract

Distance education has been prevalent since the late 1800s, but its rapid expansion began in the late 1990s with the advent of the online technological revolution. Distance learning encompasses all forms of training conducted without the physical presence of learners or teachers. While this mode of education offers great flexibility and numerous advantages for both students and teachers, it also presents challenges such as reduced concentration and commitment from students, and difficulties in course supervision for teachers. This article aims to study student engagement on distance learning platforms by focusing on emotion detection. Leveraging various existing datasets, including the Facial Expression Recognition 2013 (FER2013), the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF), the extended Cohn-Kanade (CK+), and the Kyung Hee University Multimodal Facial Expression Database (KMU-FED), the proposed approach utilizes transfer learning. Specifically, it exploits the large number and diversity of images from datasets like FER2013, and the high-quality images from datasets like KDEF, CK+, and KMU-FED. The model can effectively learn and generalize emotional cues from varied sources by combining these datasets. This comprehensive method achieved a performance accuracy of 96.06%, demonstrating its potential to enhance understanding of student engagement in online learning environments.
Review of recent advances in non-invasive hemoglobin estimation Sutikno, Tole; Handayani, Lina; Ruliyandari, Rochana; Wijaya, Oktomi; Satrian Purnama, Hendril; Arsadiando, Watra; Pamungkas, Anggit
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1031-1048

Abstract

Hemoglobin is essential for diagnosing conditions like anemia and respiratory issues. Traditionally, the assessment of hemoglobin necessitates invasive techniques that involve blood draws, which can induce discomfort and present possible complications for patients. Recent advancements in non-invasive technologies have light-emitting diode (LED) to the development of smartphone applications and machine learning algorithms that allow real-time hemoglobin level estimation, eliminating the need for blood sampling. This not only improves patient comfort but also enhances access to ongoing health monitoring. This review aims to delve into the newest developments in smartphone-oriented strategies for hemoglobin estimation, highlighting their importance within contemporary healthcare practices and the potential implications they might have for more expansive clinical applications. Technological advancements have combined smartphones and artificial intelligence (AI) for non-invasive hemoglobin estimation, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods. These solutions optimize data collection and analysis processes, enhance diagnoses' accuracy, and facilitate timely medical interventions. Advancements in technology have revolutionized medical diagnostics, particularly in estimating hemoglobin levels non-invasively. AI methodologies have demonstrated significant results in accurately forecasting hemoglobin concentrations through a variety of analytical strategies. Future research should focus on the best configurations for these networks and the physiological concepts underpinning spectral data interpretations.
Enhancing accessibility with long short-term memory-based sign language detection systems Wadmare, Jyoti; Lokare, Reena; Wadmare, Ganesh; Kolte, Dakshita; Bhatia, Kapil; Singh, Jyotika; Agrawal, Sakshi
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1355-1362

Abstract

Individuals who are deaf or experience difficulties with hearing and speech predominantly rely on sign language as their medium to communicate, which is not universally comprehended leading to obstacles in achieving effective communication. Advances in deep learning technologies in recent years have enabled the development of systems intended to autonomously interpret gestures in sign language and translate them into spoken language. This paper introduces a system built on deep learning methodologies for recognizing sign language. It uses long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture to distinguish and classify hand gestures which are static and dynamic. The system is divided into three primary components, including dataset collection, neural network assessment, and sign detection component that encompasses hand gesture extraction and sign language classification. The module to extract hand gestures makes use of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for the detection and tracking of hand movements in video sequences. Another RNN that is incorporated by classification module categorizes these gestures into established sign language classes. Upon evaluation on a custom dataset, the proposed system attains an accuracy rate of 99.42%, thus making it visualize its promise as an assistive technology for handicapped hearing individuals. This system can further be enhanced by including further classes on sign language and real-time gesture interpretation.
Deep ensemble learning with uncertainty aware prediction ranking for cervical cancer detection using Pap smear images Sreelatha, Sreelatha; Shivashetty, Vrinda
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1450-1460

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel deep ensemble learning framework designed for the efficient detection and classification of cervical cancer from Pap smear images. The proposed study implements three advanced learning models namely DenseNet201, Xception, and a classical convolutional neural network (CNN) customized with optimal hyperparameters to automate feature extraction and cervical cancer detection process. The proposed study also introduces a novel ensemble learning to enhance the classification of cervical cancer. The proposed ensemble mechanism is based on the confidence aggregation followed by uncertainty quantification and prediction ranking scheme, thus ensuring that more reliable predictions have a proportionally greater influence on the final outcome. The primary goal is to leverage the collective intelligence of the ensemble in a manner that prioritizes reliability and minimizes the impact of less certain predictions. The experimental analysis is carried out on two dataset one with whole slide images (WSI) and another on cropped images. The proposed ensemble model achieves an accuracy rate 100 and 97% for dataset with WSI and with cropped images respectively.
Literature review on forecasting green hydrogen production using machine learning and deep learning Rhafes, Mohamed Yassine; Moussaoui, Omar; Raboaca, Maria Simona
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp884-893

Abstract

Green hydrogen is a sustainable and clean energy source, for this purpose, it conducts the global energy transition. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) with the process of green hydrogen production is essential in enhancing its production. This literature review studies in detail the intersection between AI and green hydrogen. Firstly, it concentrates on ML and DL algorithms used in forecasting green hydrogen production. Secondly, it presents an analysis of the studies released from 2021 to March 2024. Finally, the focus is on the results realized by the ML and DL algorithms proposed by the studies reviewed. This study provides a summary that explains the trends and methods used, as well as highlights the gaps and the opportunities in the field of AI and green hydrogen production. This liternature review presents a solid foundation for future research initiatives in this field.
A transfer learning-based deep neural network for tomato plant disease classification Lachhab, Fadwa; Aboulmanadel, El Mahdi
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1335-1344

Abstract

The agriculture sector plays a significant role in Morocco's economy, and tomato farming is an essential component of this industry. However, tomato plants are prone to various diseases that can adversely affect productivity and quality. A novel approach to detect tomato plant diseases is proposed int this study, by modeling and developing a transfer learning-based convolution neural network (CNN) model that processes real-time images. The model is trained and validated with a deep CNN using a private dataset of 18,159 annotated tomato leaf images collected from experimental farms over five months. The performance of our residual neural network (ResNet-50) model is evaluated using stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimizers to demonstrate superior efficiency. Farmers can simply send images of their tomato leaves through our platform, and the trained model will identify accurately the disease. The developed model demonstrates exceptional performance, achieving a 0.96 F1 score and an 97% accuracy rate when tested on a dataset generated from real-world fields. This approach not only improves disease detection but also contributes to sustainable farming practices and enhanced productivity.
Survey and comparative analysis of phishing detection techniques: current trends, challenges, and future directions Jadhav, Ashvini; Chandre, Pankaj R.
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp853-866

Abstract

In the age of digital communication, scams such as phishing continue to be a problem, necessitating the need for ever-more-advanced detection techniques to safeguard sensitive data. Examining several methods now in use, this review article groups them according to the application (email, web server, mail server, or browser-based). It explores the advantages and disadvantages of behavior-based, heuristic-based, machine learning (ML)-based, and signature-based techniques and offers a comparative evaluation of their efficacy. The essay delves deeper into the latest developments in phishing detection research, such as ML-powered social media exploration and real-time website analysis. The evaluation goes beyond just identifying detecting techniques; it also includes a data-driven analysis. In particular, random forest and support vector machines are ML algorithms that regularly produce results with high accuracy for detecting phishing attempts. Metrics like as recall, F1-score, and precision show how well these algorithms. Furthermore, specialised techniques such as heuristic-based and cantina-based approaches provide remarkable performance, underscoring the possibility of additional research in this field. Future research explores improved phishing detection through: better accuracy with ML, integrating new technologies, analyzing user behavior. A hybrid approach combining these techniques offers a stronger defense.

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