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INDONESIA
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance
Published by Bank Indonesia
ISSN : 24606146     EISSN : 24606618     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
JIMF is an international peer-reviewed and scientific journal which is published quarterly by Bank Indonesia Institute. JIMF is a type of scientific journal (e-journal) in Islamic economics, monetary, and finance. By involving a large research communiy in an innovative public peer-review process, JIMF aims to provide fast access to high quality papers and continual platform for sharing studies of academicians, researchers, and practitioners; disseminate knowledge and research in various fields of Islamic economics, Monetary and Finance; encourage and foster research in the area of Islamic Economics, Monetary, and Finance; and bridge the gap between theory and practice in the area Islamic Economics, Monetary and Finance.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 476 Documents
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF MICROFINANCE: CONVENTIONAL VS. ISLAMIC Amela Trokic; Eldina Barakovac; Velid Efendic
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i1.1162

Abstract

The reduction of poverty and socio-economic development has become a foremost issue in modern society. One approach to improving this was the establishment of microfinance, which has since become an important part of poverty alleviation strategies, but very few studies have considered its benefits based on characteristics other than poverty. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and determine how different client characteristics affect the way people benefit from the financing provided by microfinance institutions. Data were gathered from the beneficiaries of both conventional and Islamic microfinance using a questionnaire, and then analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann–Whitney U tests. The results show how MFI financing benefits clients differently based on certain characteristics, as well as how these socioeconomic benefits differ based on whether the financing is provided by a conventional or an Islamic MFI. Overall, conventional and Islamic MFIs have similar strategies when it comes to providing socio-economic benefits to their clients. However, where they diverge is when client gender is considered, as IMFIs are more likely to benefit women. This research will be beneficial to MFIs in terms of the development of their services, as it will help them identify the strengths and weaknesses of their offerings and how well these are able to assist them in fulfilling their purpose of providing benefit to the poorest of the poor, increasing financial inclusion and contributing to socio-economic development.
DO REGULATION, MAQASID SHARIAH AND INSTITUTIONAL PARAMETER IMPROVE ISLAMIC BANK EFFICIENCY? Wan Hakimah Wan Ibrahim; Abdul Ghafar Ismail
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i1.1195

Abstract

We use a new dataset on Islamic banks to link regulation and bank efficiency. Specifically, we examine how bank efficiency is influenced by: (i) bank regulation, (ii) institutional variables, (iii) economic freedom, and (iv) Shariah law parameters. Our hypothesis attempts to prove that better regulation will produce a higher level of efficiency. We will also try to prove that the Shariah law parameter will promote better efficiency among Islamic banks. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to measure efficiency, while the panel data method is used to analyse the data. Specifically, our results suggest that a significant relationship exists between bank efficiency and greater restrictions on Islamic bank activities. The results also show that regulatory quality has a positive and significant impact on bank efficiency. The negative coefficient of the economic freedom indicates that Islamic banks have a greater ability to enter into the banking industry and obtain an easy licence, create products and services, and close the business. All would dampen bank efficiency. Overall, our findings support the argument that regulation should be adapted to the risk and size level of the Islamic banks that are being regulated.
INVESTIGATING ZAKAT PAYMENT OF THAI MUSLIMS Sawarai Boonyamanond; Papusson Chaiwat
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i1.1201

Abstract

This study examines Zakat payment among Thai Muslims whose wealth exceeds the minimum threshold (Nisab), thus are obliged to pay Zakat. It attempts to assess whether the amount of Zakat paid fulfils the requirement and to determine the amount of Zakat overpaid or underpaid, based on 2.5% of zakatable wealth, as measured by income from different sources. Using 460 questionnaires collected from Thai Muslims aged 15 years old and over who pay Zakat in 2015, this study employs a two-part model, in which the first part analyses the probability of fulfilling or not fulfilling an obligation to fully pay Zakat using the Multinomial Logit method of estimation, while the second part deals with the amount of Zakat overpaid/underpaid by using the Ordinary Least Square. It is found that the probability of fulfilling the required Zakat will increase and the amount of Zakat underpaid will decrease, if a person pays Zakat more than once a year, or the value of net assets of a person increases. In addition, for those whose Zakat payment is already higher than the amount required, trust and accountability of intermediate institutions or individuals who manage Zakat will positively affect the amount of Zakat overpaid considerably. Therefore, official organisations responsible for collecting, and distributing Zakat at the community, provincial, regional as well as national levels should be established with integrity, transparency, and good governance so that people would be encouraged to pay more Zakat and the lives of those in need can be lifted accordingly.
A META-ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE : CASE BASED EVIDENCE FROM INDIA Mohammad Irfan
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i1.1202

Abstract

This study examines Islamic microfinance as an important contributor to both the economic and human development of India. We are aware that conventional microfinance products have flourished in India; however, these products do not fulfil the needs of all Muslim clients. Taking small glimpses of Islamic microfinance (IMF), we can say it is working successfully in Muslim countries. From the meta-analysis we classify the literature into seven categories, viz. social benefits, religious values, business enterprises, poverty alleviation, sustainable development, rural development and economic development. The contribution of research papers has risen across the literature review and there has been a sharp rise in new facts pertaining to Islamic microfinance in India. As a diagnostic check, all seven factors of the meta-analysis of IMF contain evidence for the case study of India. Bait-un-Nasr is an urban co-operative credit society, located in Mumbai, India that has practised all of the factors extracted by the meta-analysis. This paper provides a roster of emerging projects accompanied by a comprehensive review of literature that will be useful to both academicians and practitioners for studying existing research and contemporary future research.
CAN ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE ALLEVIATES POVERTY IN INDONESIA? AN INVESTIGATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS Adhitya Ginanjar; Salina Kassim
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i1.1203

Abstract

This study examines the poverty alleviation efforts undertaken by the Islamic microfinance institutions (IMFIs) in Indonesia. We focused on the role played by the IMFIs in view of their direct involvements in the process of dealing with the borrowers, and their better understanding about the financial inclusion agenda as well as the financial guidelines and regulations issued by the relevant authorities. In methodology, a total of 34 managers of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMTs) were taken as respondents from the Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi (JABODETABEK) areas. A two-step approach was adopted in arriving at enriching findings: first, a survey questionnaire was distributed to the respondents, and subsequently, an in-depth interview was conducted to outline data related to the model design. The findings of this study highlight specific dimensions to improve financial inclusion among the poor. Apart from providing important inputs for better decision-making for the BMTs to further enhance its role in poverty alleviation, this study suggests a variety of strategies to warrant success of poverty alleviation efforts by BMT.
ARE ISLAMIC BANKS SUFFERING FROM A MODEL MISFIT? A COMPARISON WITH COOPERATIVE BANKS Rosana Gulzar; Mansor H. Ibrahim; Mohamed Ariff
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i2.1086

Abstract

For the first time, this study investigates whether Islamic banks, in mimicking conventional banks, have become less stable than their theoretical equivalent, which is the cooperative banks in Europe. Theoretically the interest prohibition should have pushed Islamic banks towards mutuality and profit-sharing, which have been argued to be stabilising. In practice however, the banks are pushed for growth under a debt-driven commercial banking model which is not only antithetical to the Shariah but also destabilising. This may explain why the empirical findings are still divergent in Islamic banking stability studies. Our study employs system GMM to compare the stability of 37 Islamic banks against 1,536 cooperative banks in Europe during the 2008 crisis and post-non-crisis years. Interestingly, we found consistent and significant evidence that the Islamic banks are less stable than the cooperative banks in both macroeconomic conditions. This has significant policy implications, main of which is to steer reform efforts away from refurbishing Islamic commercial banks and towards building an entirely new Islamic cooperative bank, based on the model in Europe.
ISLAMIC VS CONVENTIONAL FUNDS WITHIN THE FAMILY: SELECTIVITY SKILLS AND MARKET TIMING ABILITY Anas Ahmad Bani Atta; Ainulashikin Marzuki
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i2.1091

Abstract

ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to compare the performance of Islamic mutual fund (IMF) and conventional mutual fund (CMF) within the same family, in addition, to examine the performance of fund family in Malaysia for the period from 2007 to 2018. The study used eight measures of performance, raw returns, excess returns, Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, Jensen alpha, Carhart four-factor model as selectivity models, In addition to Treynor & Mazuy (TM) and Hendrickson & Merton (HM) as market timing models. The study contributes by investigating and compares the performance at the family level. The results reported that IMFs exhibited some fund selection ability over CMFs. However, both types of funds displayed poor market timing ability. At a fund family level, the results show the fund families exhibited good fund selections skills, at the same time, fund family still exhibited poor market timing ability. The novel result of this study that the difference in performance between Islamic and conventional funds shrank compared to the results of previous studies. Due to the common advantages offered by the families for both types of funds. The findings are important to investors because the results provide new evidence about the fund families' performance. Most investors follow the top-down approach, where mutual fund investors initially choose fund families before deciding which funds to hold. In addition, the results are important for managers to decide which types of funds that they may issue in their own families, so that they can perform well in the future.
DETERMINANTS OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL EXCLUSION IN INDONESIA Mohammad Mahbubi Ali; Abrista Devi; Hamzah Bustomi
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i2.1093

Abstract

The study aims to uncover the determinants of Islamic financial exclusion in Indonesia by gathering the response from financially-excluded respondents. A total of 110 respondents were surveyed, representing five provinces, namely West Java, South Sulawesi, Aceh, East Kalimantan, and North Maluku. The criteria of financially-excluded respondents are those who do not have any Islamic financial products, neither saving, financing, nor capital market account. The study employs Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to identify indicators explaining Islamic financial exclusion determinants in Indonesia. The paper found that location is the key barrier to obtain financing from and participate in saving in Islamic banks/Islamic microfinance, while lack of financial knowledge is identified as the critical barrier to deal with Islamic capital market products. Overall, most of the respondents perceive human capital, as well as product and services as the two most significant determinant of Islamic financial exclusion in Indonesia, followed by infrastructure, policies and regulation, financial literacy, social influence, and religious commitment, respectively. The originality of the paper lies in detailed insight into the perception of financially-excluded on the factors leading to Islamic financial exclusion.
SOVEREIGN DEBT ISSUANCE CHOICE: SUKUK VS CONVENTIONAL BONDS Rhada Boujlil; M. Kabir Hassan; Rihab Grassa
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i2.1104

Abstract

This paper investigates the determinants and their factors that affect governments’ decision to employ sovereign Sukuk over conventional bonds; the research is based on a sample of 143 Sukuk and 602 conventional sovereign bonds issued in 16 OIC countries from 2000 to 2015. The results depict that more nations that have developed financial markets, higher credit quality, and strong economic/financial prospects, issue sovereign Sukuk rather than sovereign conventional bonds. Dealing with Sukuk bonds can be a strategy to diversify and develop current debt markets by introducing newly-developed debt tools. However, less economically developed nations countries are typically issuing insurance for classic sovereign bonds. Our findings suggest that a government’s choice of sovereign debt is influenced mainly from national financial and macroeconomic indicators, as well as specific events. Countries with developed financial markets, strong economic indicators, high credit quality, and sustainable financial position are more likely to issue sovereign Sukuk rather than sovereign bonds as a strategy to develop and diversify their financial markets by promoting new debt products.
THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN BANKS TO ENGENDER THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN AND THEIR FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN ARAB COUNTRIES Yusef Ali Yusef Yakubi; B. Basuki; Rudi Purwono
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 6 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v6i2.1107

Abstract

This study aims to classify and interpret the interacted communications between banks and users on social media and understand the role of these digital platforms to enhance woman empowerments and financial inclusion in banks in Arab countries. 100 users of banks’ social media were selected from 5 leading banks in 5 Arab countries and their interactive utterances were classified, analyzed and interpreted. Content analysis tools were applied. The study reveals these key results: First, the use of social media in banks entails two-fold empowerment dimensions that are mutually beneficial for Users and Banks. Second, both flows of utterances either from “User to Banks” or “Banks to Users” demonstrate that the highest ratios of the shared content are more closely associated with financial inclusion dimensions than user’s empowerment aspects. Third, women are found more engaged in social and emotional involvements than men who show a relatively higher interest in banks’ financial services and products. It is also found that Banks use social media to raise social and economic themes that support women in the region. However, the second and third results imply a gender gap in financial inclusion since females still lag behind. This study is different by highlighting the power of banks’ social networks to trigger important gender and economic development themes in a highly conservative society and contribute to literature by analyzing and interpreting the shared content from three extensive outlooks which yield ample details and draw implications for banks’ management and social media policy makers and regulators.

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