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JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR
Published by Puslitbang Sumber Daya Air
ISSN : 19070276     EISSN : 2548494X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering
Jurnal Sumber Daya Air (JSDA) is a journal aims to be a peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on Water, and Water resources as well as related topics. All papers are peer-reviewed by at least two referees. JSDA is managed to be issued twice in every volume. The Scope of JSDA is: the fields of irrigation, environmental quality and water, swamp, beach, water building, water supply, hydrology and geotechnical fields, hydrology and water management, water environment, coastal fields, fields of cultivation and sabo fields.
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ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK CURAH HUJAN PENYEBAB BANJIR BERDURASI PANJANG (STUDI KASUS: BANJIR TAHUN 2019 DI BALEENDAH, JAWA BARAT) Yogi Sahat Maruli Simanjuntak; Rusmawan Suwarman; Riawan Edi
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.821

Abstract

ABSTRACT In 2019, Baleendah experienced flooding with a duration of ± 30 days, this can be seen from the water level which is above the critical point from February 9th – March 12th, 2019, which identified the occurrence of flooding. Based on the spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall in the upstream Citarum watershed that drains to Baleendah, there were differences in the timing of rainfall between northern, southern, and eastern regions, and a semi-diurnal pattern. This study aims to look at the rainfall pattern that causes long-duration flooding in Baleendah. Based on that point, we conducted hydrological simulations using the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrologic Model System (HEC-HMS) with the assumption that the volume of rainfall is constant.  The rainfall scenarios used were 1) a diurnal scenario where there is a difference in the timing of rainfall between the north, south, and east regions, 2) rainfall scenarios with diurnal and semidiurnal variations, and 3) the semidiurnal scenario is getting closer (the timing between rainfall in the morning and in the night is getting closer) in the north, south, and east regions. The results of this study show that floods are longer in duration and peak discharge is higher when a diurnal pattern occurs. Rainfall is initiated in the eastern and southern regions and a lag in timing rainfall occurred in the northern region.Keywords:      Baleendah, Long duration flood, rainfall time difference, variation of diurnal and semidiurnal, and short semidiurnal ABSTRAK Baleendah pada tahun 2019 mengalami banjir dengan durasi ± 30 hari, terlihat bahwa tinggi muka air berada di atas titik kritis mulai tanggal 9 Februari – 12 Maret 2019 yang mengidentifikasikan kejadian banjir. Berdasarkan analisis pola spasio-temporal curah hujan di seluruh DAS Citarum Hulu yang bermuara ke Baleendah, terdapat hujan yang terjadi secara bersamaan, hujan beda waktu antara wilayah utara, selatan, dan timur, serta terdapat hujan dengan 2 puncak dalam satu hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pola curah hujan yang menyebabkan banjir berdurasi panjang di Baleendah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dilakukan simulasi hidrologi dengan menggunakan Hidrologic Engineering Center’s Hidrologic Model System (HEC-HMS) dengan asumsi volume hujan adalah sama. Adapun skenario yang digunakan adalah 1) skenario diurnal dimana terdapat beda waktu hujan antara wilayah Utara, Selatan dan Timur, 2) skenario hujan dengan variasi semidiurnal dan diurnal, serta 3) skenario semidiurnal mendekat (jarak waktu hujan sore dan pagi semakin dekat) di wilayah utara, selatan dan wilayah timur. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa banjir akan berdurasi lebih lama serta debit puncak akan semakin besar apabila terjadi dengan pola diurnal dimana hujan diinisiasi di wilayah timur dan selatan serta wilayah utara mengalami jeda waktu hujan.Kata kunci: Baleendah, Banjir berdurasi lama, beda waktu hujan, variasi diurnal dan semidiurnal, semidiurnal mendekat
MONITORING DAN EVALUASI PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI MODIFIKASI CUACA DI DAS WADUK KASKADE - CITARUM, JAWA BARAT Isnan Fauzan Akrom; Muhammad Fauzi
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.811

Abstract

ABSTRACT The 2020 drought led to a reduction in the water supply of the Citarum cascade reservoirs (Saguling, Cirata, and Juanda) due the lowering intensity of rainfall in the catchments of the three reservoirs. Rainfall in late 2020 through February 2021 was much lower than the predicted and historical averages. This caused the water level of the Citarum cascade reservoirs fell to be below normal at the end of December 2020. To meet the water demand, an increase in inflow enhancement is needed, hence the implementation of Weather Modification Technology (WMT) which was carried out on March 12th - April 21st, 2021 in the Citarum watershed, West Java Province. WMT is applied for increasing or decreasing the amount of rainfall by intervening in the cloud growth process, which is carried out by seeding NaCl powder on clouds using an airplane. The purpose of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of WMT implementation is to collect data, analyze, and evaluate the hydrological conditions of the Citarum cascade reservoirs during WMT implementation. The purpose of M&E is to assess the success of additional reservoir volume due to rainfall during WMT implementation. The M&E is conducted by collecting daily data of the rainfall, water level, and hydrological data of the reservoirs. The data collected each day is used as the basis for the seeding strategy on that day. After the WMT implementation activities are completed, an evaluation of the overall WMT implementation results is continued, which includes analyzing rainfall data, river water level, as well as the inflow, volume, and water level of the reservoir. The results of this study show that WMT implementation could not raise the water level of the three reservoirs to the Normal Operating Limit, but it has succeeded in increasing the reservoir volume by approximately 270 million m3 for Saguling, 201 million m3 for Cirata, and 59 million m3 for Juanda.Keywords:   Reservoir, Citarum, Weather, Modification, Technology ABSTRAKKemarau tahun 2020 mengakibatkan berkurangnya pasokan air waduk kaskade Citarum (Saguling, Cirata, dan Juanda) akibat berkurangnya intensitas air hujan yang jatuh pada daerah aliran sungai ketiga waduk. Curah hujan pada akhir 2020 hingga Februari 2021 jauh lebih rendah dari rata-rata historis dan prediksinya. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan kondisi muka air waduk kaskade Citarum turun hingga dibawah Normal pada akhir Desember 2020. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air dibutuhkan peningkatan inflow, melalui penerapan Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca (TMC) yang telah dilaksanakan pada 12 Maret – 21 April 2021 di DAS Citarum, Provinsi Jawa Barat. TMC diterapkan untuk menambah atau mengurangi curah hujan dengan melakukan intervensi pada proses pertumbuhan awan, yang dilakukan dengan penyemaian serbuk NaCl pada awan menggunakan pesawat. Maksud dilakukannya monitoring dan evaluasi (Monev) terhadap penerapan TMC adalah untuk pengumpulan data, analisis, dan evaluasi kondisi hidrologi waduk kaskade Citarum selama pelaksanaan TMC. Tujuan Monev sendiri adalah untuk menilai keberhasilan tambahan volume waduk akibat curah hujan selama pelaksanaan TMC. Monev TMC dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data setiap hari baik data hujan, Tinggi Muka Air (TMA), maupun data hidrologi waduk. Data yang terkumpul digunakan sebagai dasar untuk strategi penyemaian pada hari itu. Setelah kegiatan penerapan TMC selesai, dilanjutkan evaluasi hasil penerapan TMC secara keseluruhan yang mencakup analisa data hujan, TMA sungai, inflow, volume dan TMA waduk. Hasil penerapan TMC pada kajian ini tidak dapat menaikkan TMA ketiga waduk hingga Batas Operasi Normal, namun telah berhasil menambah volume waduk sekitar 270 juta m3 untuk Saguling, 201 juta m3 untuk Cirata dan 59 juta m3 untuk Juanda.Kata Kunci: Modifikasi, Cuaca, Teknologi, Waduk, Citarum
ANALISIS KEKERINGAN METEOROLOGI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX DI KUPANG – NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Denik Sri Krisnayanti; Mirnawati S Pasoa; Remigildus Cornelis
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.793

Abstract

ABSTRACT Kupang City and Kupang Regency have semiarid climatological conditions where annual rainfall ranges from an average of 1,250 mm/year. Kupang City and Kupang Regency experience long days without rain, which potentially causes meteorological drought. The study aims to determine the value and distribution of the drought index in Kupang City and Kupang Regency. This study uses the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method using rainfall data for 21 years (1998-2018) from 12 rainfall stations, while the mapping uses ArcGIS Software. The results obtained from this study are the extreme level of drought in Kupang Regency and Kupang City occurred in 2015-2016. A 1-month SPI Kupang City experienced the highest drought in January 2004 at -3.48, while Kupang Regency occurred in November 2015 at -3.06.  The 3-month SPI Kupang City experienced the highest drought in January 2016 at -3.85, while Kupang Regency occurred in December 2012 at -4.13. The 6-month SPI of  Kupang City experienced the highest drought in January 2016 at -4.04, while Kupang Regency occurred in November 2015 at -4.82.  The 12-month SPI Kupang City experienced the highest drought in March 2016 at -3.76, while Kupang Regency occurred in April 2016 at -3.36. The 6-month SPI tends to fluctuate more in value than the 1-month SPI, 3-month SPI, and 12-month SPI. The drought years that occurred in 2015 – 2016 triggered forest and land fires in Kupang City. Besides that,  the Meteorological drought must be anticipated by setting appropriate cropping patterns to avoid food insecurity. Keywords: Drought, semiarid, land fires, mapping ABSTRAKKota Kupang dan Kabupaten Kupang merupakan daerah yang memiliki kondisi klimatologi semi-ringkai dimana curah hujan tahunan berkisar rata-rata 1.250 mm/Tahun. Kota Kupang dan Kabupaten Kupang mengalami hari tanpa hujan yang panjang sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kekeringan meteorologis. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai dan hasil sebaran indeks kekeringan di Kota Kupang dan Kabupaten Kupang. Analisis ini menggunakan Metode Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dengan menggunakan data curah hujan selama 21 tahun (1998-2018) dari 12 pos hujan, sedangkan pemetaan menggunakan Software ArcGIS. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah tingkat kekeringan terparah terjadi di Kabupaten Kupang dan Kota Kupang terjadi tahun 2015-2016. Untuk perhitungan SPI-1, Kota Kupang mengalami kekeringan tertinggi pada bulan Januari tahun 2004 sebesar -3,48, sedangkan Kabupaten Kupang terjadi pada bulan November tahun 2015 sebesar -3,06. Pada perhitungan SPI 3, Kota Kupang mengalami indeks kekeringan tertinggi pada bulan Januari tahun 2016 sebesar -3,85, sedangkan Kabupaten Kupang terjadi pada bulan Desember tahun 2012 sebesar -4,13. Pada perhitungan SPI-6, Kota Kupang mengalami indeks kekeringan tertinggi pada bulan Januari tahun 2016 sebesar -4,04, sedangkan Kabupaten Kupang terjadi pada bulan November tahun 2015 sebesar -4,82. Pada perhitungan SPI-12, Kota Kupang mengalami indeks kekeringan tertinggi pada bulan Maret tahun 2016 sebesar -3,76, sedangkan Kabupaten Kupang terjadi pada bulan April tahun 2016 sebesar -3,36. Indeks kekeringan SPI-6 cenderung lebih fluktuatif dibandingkan SPI-1, SPI-3, dan SPI-12. Kondisi tahun kering yang pernah terjadi tahun 2015 – 2016 memicu timbulnya kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kota Kupang. Selain itu, kekeringan meteorologi harus diantisipasi dengan pengaturan pola tata tanam yang tepat guna menghindari rawan pangan.
PENGARUH DINAMIKA PASANG SURUT TERHADAP DAERAH IRIGASI RAWA PANTAI KABUPATEN KAPUAS PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH Asril Zevri
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.803

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe food crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has caused the level of hunger to increase to a chronic level that is almost experienced by the whole world, including Indonesia. The increase in population with extreme climate change is a serious problem to overcome the food crisis in the next few years. The impact of climate change with changes in land use results in limited water availability in the development of irrigated land. One solution to overcome the availability of water for the development of irrigated land is to rehabilitate and improve the network of swamp irrigation areas that utilize the dynamics of tidal water levels. Pantai Swamp Irrigation Area is one of the potential lands to be developed into agricultural cultivation land. The study aims to determine the effect of tidal water level elevation on irrigated land based on hydro-topography. The study was conducted in the Pantai Swamp Irrigation Area with the water source coming from the tidal Kapuas Murung River. The method was conducted quantitatively using HEC-RAS software based on tidal data, cross-section and length of the channel, and surface elevation of irrigated land. The results showed that the influence of the tidal dynamics of the Kapuas Murung River is very dominant in irrigating the land with an average tidal water level elevation of + 1.57 m with hydro-topographic dominance included in categories B and C with an area of B 604.5 Ha and C 1201. 5 Ha.Keywords: Tides, Swamps, Hydro-topography, Sungai, Kapuas ABSTRAKKrisis pangan yang diakibatkan oleh pandemic Covid-19 mengakibatkan tingkat angka kelaparan meningkat hingga mencapai angka kronis yang hampir dialami oleh seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Pertambahan jumlah penduduk dengan perubahan iklim yang sangat ekstrem menjadi permasalahan yang cukup serius untuk mengatasi krisis pangan dalam beberapa tahun kedepan. Dampak perubahan iklim dengan perubahan tata guna lahan mengakibatkan jumlah ketersediaan air terbatas dalam pengembangan lahan irigasi. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi ketersediaan air untuk pengembangan lahan irigasi yaitu dengan rehabilitasi dan peningkatan jaringan daerah irigasi rawa yang memanfaatkan dinamika muka air pasang surut. Daerah Irigasi Rawa Pantai menjadi salah satu lahan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi lahan budidaya pertanian. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh elevasi muka air pasang surut terhadap lahan irigasi yang ditinjau berdasarkan hidro-topografi. Kajian dilakukan di Daerah Irigasi Rawa Pantai dengan sumber air berasal dari pasang surut Sungai Kapuas Murung. Metode dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan Software HEC-RAS berdasarkan data pasang surut, tampang melintang dan memanjang saluran, dan elevasi permukaan lahan irigasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pengaruh dinamika pasang surut Sungai Kapuas Murung sangat dominan dalam mengairi lahan dengan elevasi muka air rata-rata pasang berada di ketinggian + 1.57 m dengan dominasi hidro-topografi termasuk dalam kategori B dan C dengan luasan B 604.5 Ha dan C 1201. 5 Ha. Kata Kunci: Pasang Surut, Rawa, Hidro-topografi, Sungai, Kapuas
OPTIMASI PEMBERIAN AIR IRIGASI TANAMAN MELON (Cucumis Melo L.) PADA SISTEM POCKET FERTIGATION DENGAN ALGORITMA GENETIKA Abdul Malik; Chusnul Arif
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.825

Abstract

ABSTRACT Irrigating and fertilizing (known as fertigating) should be applied more effectively and efficiently. Pocket fertigation technology as an alternative fertigation was developed to achieve those purposes. The main challenge applied to the technology is to determine the optimum irrigation water. The objective of the study is to optimize irrigation water of the pocket fertigation, particularly in determining the optimal soil moisture during the growth stage by genetic algorithms. The method was developed based on one planting season of melon (Cucumis Melo L) cultivation under two different emitter of pocket fertigation with two different water irrigation regimes as well as the control. The treatments were pocket fertigation with textile layer emitter and wet irrigation (PK-H), textile layer emitter and dry irrigation (PK-L), emitter without layer and wet irrigation (PT-H), emitter without layer and wet irrigation (PT-L), and control with wet irrigation (PC-H) and dry irrigation (PC-L), respectively. The genetic algorithms model was developed with the objective function to achieve optimum fruit fresh weight and sweetness level. As the results, the optimum soil moisture is 0.34; 0.32; 0.31; 0.30; 0.26; 0.30; and 0.29 m3/m3 for every 9 days during the planting period. This value is thought to produce optimum fruit with a weight of 1115 g, a sweetness value of 8.6 brix, and increased water productivity of 27-46%. In addition, the pocket fertigation increased water productivity by 14,17% compared to without the pocket fertigation. Keywords: irrigation water,  genetic algorithm, pocket fertigation, water productivity. abstrakIrigasi dan pemupukan (atau dikenal dengan fertigasi) perlu dilakukan lebih efektif dan efisien. Pocket fertigation merupakan teknologi alternatif yang dikembangkan dalam upaya mencapai hal tersebut. Tantangan utama dalam penerapan teknologi tersebut adalah penentuan pemberian air irigasi yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pemberian air irigasi yang optimal pada pocket fertigation yang direpresentasikan dengan nilai kelembapan tanah optimal selama periode tanam dengan menggunakan Algoritma Genetika. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, uji coba satu musim tanam dilakukan pada budidaya melon (Cucumis melo L) dengan dua desain emiter pocket fertigation, dua sistem irigasi dengan perlakuan kontrol. Secara detail perlakuan tersebut adalah pocket fertigation dengan penggunaan kain tekstil pelapis emiter dan irigasi basah (PK-H), dengan irigasi kering (PK-L), emiter tanpa kain dengan irigasi basah (PT-H), dan irigasi kering (PT-L) dan dua perlakuan kontrol tanpa emiter dengan irigasi basah (PC-H), dan irigasi kering (PC-L). Model optimasi algoritma genetika memiliki fungsi tujuan untuk mencapai bobot buah dan kemanisan optimum. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan nilai kelembapan tanah optimal sebesar 0,34; 0,32; 0,31; 0,30; 0,26; 0,30; dan 0,29 m3/ m3 pada setiap 9 harian selama periode musim tanam. Dengan kondisi Kelembapan optimal tersebut, hasil panen buah yang diproduksi memiliki bobot 1115 g, nilai kemanisan 8,6 brix dan peningkatan produktivitas air sebesar 27-46%. Pocket fertigation meningkatkan produktivitas air sebesar 14,71% dibandingkan tanpa pocket fertigation. Kata Kunci: algoritma genetika, pemberian air irigasi, pocket fertigation, produktivitas air
MONITORING DAN EVALUASI PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI MODIFIKASI CUACA DI DAS WADUK KASKADE - CITARUM, JAWA BARAT Akrom, Isnan Fauzan; Fauzi, Muhammad
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.811

Abstract

 The 2020 drought led to a reduction in the water supply of the Citarum cascade reservoirs (Saguling, Cirata, and Juanda) due the lowering intensity of rainfall in the catchments of the three reservoirs. Rainfall in late 2020 through February 2021 was much lower than the predicted and historical averages. This caused the water level of the Citarum cascade reservoirs fell to be below normal at the end of December 2020. To meet the water demand, an increase in inflow enhancement is needed, hence the implementation of Weather Modification Technology (WMT) which was carried out on March 12th - April 21st, 2021 in the Citarum watershed, West Java Province. WMT is applied for increasing or decreasing the amount of rainfall by intervening in the cloud growth process, which is carried out by seeding NaCl powder on clouds using an airplane. The purpose of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of WMT implementation is to collect data, analyze, and evaluate the hydrological conditions of the Citarum cascade reservoirs during WMT implementation. The purpose of M&E is to assess the success of additional reservoir volume due to rainfall during WMT implementation. The M&E is conducted by collecting daily data of the rainfall, water level, and hydrological data of the reservoirs. The data collected each day is used as the basis for the seeding strategy on that day. After the WMT implementation activities are completed, an evaluation of the overall WMT implementation results is continued, which includes analyzing rainfall data, river water level, as well as the inflow, volume, and water level of the reservoir. The results of this study show that WMT implementation could not raise the water level of the three reservoirs to the Normal Operating Limit, but it has succeeded in increasing the reservoir volume by approximately 270 million m3 for Saguling, 201 million m3 for Cirata, and 59 million m3 for Juanda.Keywords:   Reservoir, Citarum, Weather, Modification, Technology  
OPTIMASI PEMBERIAN AIR IRIGASI TANAMAN MELON (Cucumis Melo L.) PADA SISTEM POCKET FERTIGATION DENGAN ALGORITMA GENETIKA Malik, Abdul; Arif, Chusnul
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.825

Abstract

 Irrigating and fertilizing (known as fertigating) should be applied more effectively and efficiently. Pocket fertigation technology as an alternative fertigation was developed to achieve those purposes. The main challenge applied to the technology is to determine the optimum irrigation water. The objective of the study is to optimize irrigation water of the pocket fertigation, particularly in determining the optimal soil moisture during the growth stage by genetic algorithms. The method was developed based on one planting season of melon (Cucumis Melo L) cultivation under two different emitter of pocket fertigation with two different water irrigation regimes as well as the control. The treatments were pocket fertigation with textile layer emitter and wet irrigation (PK-H), textile layer emitter and dry irrigation (PK-L), emitter without layer and wet irrigation (PT-H), emitter without layer and wet irrigation (PT-L), and control with wet irrigation (PC-H) and dry irrigation (PC-L), respectively. The genetic algorithms model was developed with the objective function to achieve optimum fruit fresh weight and sweetness level. As the results, the optimum soil moisture is 0.34; 0.32; 0.31; 0.30; 0.26; 0.30; and 0.29 m3/m3 for every 9 days during the planting period. This value is thought to produce optimum fruit with a weight of 1115 g, a sweetness value of 8.6 brix, and increased water productivity of 27-46%. In addition, the pocket fertigation increased water productivity by 14,17% compared to without the pocket fertigation. Keywords: irrigation water,  genetic algorithm, pocket fertigation, water productivity  
ANALISIS KEKERINGAN METEOROLOGI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX DI KUPANG – NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Krisnayanti, Denik Sri; Pasoa, Mirnawati S; Cornelis, Remigildus
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.793

Abstract

 Kupang City and Kupang Regency have semiarid climatological conditions where annual rainfall ranges from an average of 1,250 mm/year. Kupang City and Kupang Regency experience long days without rain, which potentially causes meteorological drought. The study aims to determine the value and distribution of the drought index in Kupang City and Kupang Regency. This study uses the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method using rainfall data for 21 years (1998-2018) from 12 rainfall stations, while the mapping uses ArcGIS Software. The results obtained from this study are the extreme level of drought in Kupang Regency and Kupang City occurred in 2015-2016. A 1-month SPI Kupang City experienced the highest drought in January 2004 at -3.48, while Kupang Regency occurred in November 2015 at -3.06.  The 3-month SPI Kupang City experienced the highest drought in January 2016 at -3.85, while Kupang Regency occurred in December 2012 at -4.13. The 6-month SPI of  Kupang City experienced the highest drought in January 2016 at -4.04, while Kupang Regency occurred in November 2015 at -4.82.  The 12-month SPI Kupang City experienced the highest drought in March 2016 at -3.76, while Kupang Regency occurred in April 2016 at -3.36. The 6-month SPI tends to fluctuate more in value than the 1-month SPI, 3-month SPI, and 12-month SPI. The drought years that occurred in 2015 – 2016 triggered forest and land fires in Kupang City. Besides that,  the Meteorological drought must be anticipated by setting appropriate cropping patterns to avoid food insecurity. Keywords: Drought, semiarid, land fires, mapping 
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK CURAH HUJAN PENYEBAB BANJIR BERDURASI PANJANG (STUDI KASUS: BANJIR TAHUN 2019 DI BALEENDAH, JAWA BARAT) Simanjuntak, Yogi Sahat Maruli; Suwarman, Rusmawan; Edi, Riawan
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.821

Abstract

 In 2019, Baleendah experienced flooding with a duration of ± 30 days, this can be seen from the water level which is above the critical point from February 9th – March 12th, 2019, which identified the occurrence of flooding. Based on the spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall in the upstream Citarum watershed that drains to Baleendah, there were differences in the timing of rainfall between northern, southern, and eastern regions, and a semi-diurnal pattern. This study aims to look at the rainfall pattern that causes long-duration flooding in Baleendah. Based on that point, we conducted hydrological simulations using the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrologic Model System (HEC-HMS) with the assumption that the volume of rainfall is constant.  The rainfall scenarios used were 1) a diurnal scenario where there is a difference in the timing of rainfall between the north, south, and east regions, 2) rainfall scenarios with diurnal and semidiurnal variations, and 3) the semidiurnal scenario is getting closer (the timing between rainfall in the morning and in the night is getting closer) in the north, south, and east regions. The results of this study show that floods are longer in duration and peak discharge is higher when a diurnal pattern occurs. Rainfall is initiated in the eastern and southern regions and a lag in timing rainfall occurred in the northern region.Keywords:      Baleendah, Long duration flood, rainfall time difference, variation of diurnal and semidiurnal, and short semidiurnal 
PENGARUH DINAMIKA PASANG SURUT TERHADAP DAERAH IRIGASI RAWA PANTAI KABUPATEN KAPUAS PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH Zevri, Asril
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32679/jsda.v19i1.803

Abstract

 The food crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has caused the level of hunger to increase to a chronic level that is almost experienced by the whole world, including Indonesia. The increase in population with extreme climate change is a serious problem to overcome the food crisis in the next few years. The impact of climate change with changes in land use results in limited water availability in the development of irrigated land. One solution to overcome the availability of water for the development of irrigated land is to rehabilitate and improve the network of swamp irrigation areas that utilize the dynamics of tidal water levels. Pantai Swamp Irrigation Area is one of the potential lands to be developed into agricultural cultivation land. The study aims to determine the effect of tidal water level elevation on irrigated land based on hydro-topography. The study was conducted in the Pantai Swamp Irrigation Area with the water source coming from the tidal Kapuas Murung River. The method was conducted quantitatively using HEC-RAS software based on tidal data, cross-section and length of the channel, and surface elevation of irrigated land. The results showed that the influence of the tidal dynamics of the Kapuas Murung River is very dominant in irrigating the land with an average tidal water level elevation of + 1.57 m with hydro-topographic dominance included in categories B and C with an area of B 604.5 Ha and C 1201. 5 Ha.Keywords: Tides, Swamps, Hydro-topography, Sungai, Kapuas 

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