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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)" : 20 Documents clear
Characteristics of Immunological Non-Responders in People Living with HIV at Abepura Hospital Papua Justina Berry Sembiring; Agnes Rengga Indrati; Widya Amalia
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2210

Abstract

Infection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) lowers the body's immune system, especially CD4+ cells, making it more susceptible to opportunistic infections. Approximately 10-40% of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) fail to achieve normal levels of CD4+ T cells despite continued virological suppression, a condition called Immunological Non-Responders (INR). Previous studies have shown that INR is considered a predictor of disease progression in people with HIV receiving antiretroviral (ARV)s through various mechanisms of suppression of the immune system that increases morbidity and mortality. Papua is an HIV epidemic area with a prevalence of 2.3%. This research is a cohort study conducted at Abepura Hospital from June 2019 to February 2023, which aims to identify the factors that influence the occurrence of INR in PLHIV receiving ARV therapy. There were 123 research subjects consisting of 55 people (44.7%) in the INR group and 68 people (55.3%) in the non-INR group. The results showed that the incidence of INR was higher in males than females (p=0.019), INR was significantly associated with increasing age (p=0.013), and CD4 count was low at the start of ARVs (p=0.002). There was a significant difference in CD4 counts between INR and non-INR (p<0.001). Oral candidiasis as a common opportunistic infection is more common in people with INR than in non-INR. (p=0.037). This study suggested that it is necessary to carry out a CD4 examination at the start of therapy and monitoring every 6 months to detect possible INR to prevent an increased risk of AIDS and non-AIDS, which increases mortality.
Comparison of Lateral-flow Nanoparticle Fluorescence Assay and ELISA Method for Interferon-y Release Assay Test Tandry Meriyanti; Maroloan Aruan; Diana Intan Lusiana Gabriella; Justina Andrea Renjaan
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2212

Abstract

The detection of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection to prevent progression to active TB disease is an essential part of the WHO's end-TB strategy. Diagnosis of latent TB infection is based on detecting immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) are superior to Tuberculin Skin Tests (TST) for detecting latent infection; however, the performance of IGRA is limited in resource-limited settings. This study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and agreement of the lateral-flow nanoparticle fluorescence assay (QIAreach QFT) compared with the ELISA method (QFT-Plus) as a reference test. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the laboratory department of Siloam Hospitals in Lippo Village, Banten, Indonesia, between January and June 2023. A total of 60 samples consisting of both males and females of all age groups were tested for QFT-Plus and were involved in the study using consecutive samples. Sensitivity, specificity, Negative Predictive Value (NPV), and Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of QIAreach QFT were 100% (95% CI 86.28-100), 70.96% (95% CI 51.96-85.78), 100%, (95% CI 84.56-100) and 73.53% (95% CI 55.64-87.12), respectively. The agreement calculation using Cohen's kappa coefficient, excluding indeterminate data, showed a kappa value 0.68 (95% CI 0.507-0.864). QIAreach QFT, with its superiority, could support the expansion of IGRA testing, particularly in remote areas, thereby helping the eradication attempt of TB infection.
The Impact of Cycle Threshold Value in Influencing the Performance of COVID-19 Antigen Rivaldi Febrian; July Kumalawati; Nina Dwi Putri; Linny Luciana; Aria Kekalih
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2217

Abstract

COVID-19 antigen is an alternative test for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral load represented by the Cycle Threshold (CT) in the Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) affects the diagnostic performance of the test. Higher CT values result in reduced sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen. The main objective of this study was to determine the highest CT value in rRT-PCR that still yielded reactive results in the COVID-19 antigen test. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Fever Outpatient Clinic in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021. Two hundred and thirty-five naso-oropharyngeal swabs were taken from patients with confirmed and suspected COVID-19 diagnoses. About 24.7% of subjects were tested positive. The median highest CT value giving reactive COVID-19 antigen results was 28.22 (13.33-39.16), while the median CT value for non-reactive antigen results was 34.45 (26.08-39.65). At a CT value < 40, the COVID-19 antigen test demonstrated 63.8% sensitivity, 99.4% specificity, 89.3% Negative Predictive Value (NPV), and 97.4% Positive Predictive Value (PPV). At the CT value < 25, the test showed 92.3% sensitivity, 99.4% specificity, 99.4% NPV, 92.3% PPV, 163.4 LR+, and 0.1 LR-. The identified cut-off point for the CT value was 29.82, with a sensitivity of 64.9% and specificity of 81%. In conclusion, COVID-19 antigen is a valuable test for screening patients with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the influence of cycle threshold can enhance the interpretation and reliability of the antigen test.
Risk Factors of Fungal Growth in Sputum Culture from Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients Theresia Novi; B. Rina Aninda Sidharta; Heru Wijono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2219

Abstract

Patients infected with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), especially those with comorbidities, immunosuppressive treatment, intubated, and on ventilators, are more likely to contract fungal infection. This study aimed to describe the profile of fungal growth in sputum culture from severe and critical COVID-19 patients, and to determine the association between the fungal growth with the patient's outcome and the association between several risk factors with the fungal growth. A retrospective case-control study was carried out at Husada Utama Hospital, Surabaya. This study samples were 119 patients; fungal growth on sputum culture was seen in 64 (53.8%) patients; the three types of fungi with the highest frequency were Cryptococcus neoformans found in 23 (19.3%) patients, Candida tropicalis found in 11 (9.2%) patients and Candida dubliniensis found in 10 (8.4%) patients. There was no significant association between fungal growth and patient mortality with a p-value of 0.940 (p>0.05), also between the patient's history of diabetes mellitus and fungal growth (p=0.496) and between corticosteroid treatment and fungal growth (p=0.168). Still, there was a significant association between the use of ventilators in patients and fungal growth with a p-value of 0.001 (p<0.05). A significant association was also found between IL-6 inhibitor (Tocilizumab) treatment and fungal growth with a p-value of 0.003 (p<0.05). The most common fungi found in this study with the highest frequency was Cryptococcus neoformans. There was an association between two risk factors (the use of a ventilator and tocilizumab treatment) and fungal growth.
Cut-off Value of HSPG for Early Marker of Plasma Leakage in Adult Dengue Patient Settrin Chenderawasi; Rahajuningsih Dharma; Herdiman T. Pohan; Beti Ernawati Dewi; Rianto Setiabudy; Suhendro Suhendro; Aryati Aryati; Hardi Darmawan; Leonard Nainggolan; Agustin Iskandar
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2221

Abstract

Plasma leakage is a state of increased vascular permeability due to loss of interendothelial junction and focal adhesion. Endothelium glycocalyx plays a major role in the pathogenesis of plasma leakage. Proteoglycans glycocalyx consists of heparan sulfate (HSPG) around 50-90%. Plasma leakage in dengue infection can be fatal and early detection is essential. This study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off value of HSPG levels for early marker of plasma leakage in dengue infection. The study was a retrospective cohort study as a part of the Community Based Dengue Study of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, which was conducted between February 2010 and January 2011. Subjects were recruited by consecutive sampling. Dengue infection was confirmed by conventional PCR serotyping. Subjects were categorized into 2 groups, i.e. those with and without plasma leakage. Plasma leakage was confirmed by hemoconcentration or hypoalbuminemia or USG results. The level of HSPG was measured using the ELISA method from the first until the third day of the hospital admission. A total of 40 subjects were involved in this study, consisting of 21 with leakage and 19 without leakage. The optimal cut-off level of HSPG as a marker of early plasma leakage in dengue infection patients on the 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day was was 2179.73 pg/mL, 2538.66 pg/mL, and 1294.06 pg/mL, respectively. HSPG could as an early marker of plasma leakage in dengue infection with an optimal cut-off value for each of the first 3 days of the patient's fever. A pediatric study was recommended to obtain the optimal cut-off value for HSPG.
Performance Evaluation of Semi-quantitative Urine Albumin Creatinine Ratio Using Meditape UC-11A Strip Test Elizabeth Sidhartha; Thoeng Ronald
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2231

Abstract

The Urine Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (uACR) is one of the earliest markers of glomerular disorders. A comparative study of semi-quantitative urine uACR and quantitative uACR tests was carried out using Meditape UC-11A test strips on the Sysmex UC-3500 (automated urinalysis instrument) and Roche Cobas 501, respectively. A total of 213 retrospective data of urine chemistry tests were collected. Semi-quantitative urine albumin, creatinine, and uACR data were obtained using Meditape UC-11A strips on Sysmex UC-3500, whereas quantitative data were obtained using Roche Cobas c501. A weighted Cohen's Kappa agreement, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were analyzed using data from both instruments. The Kappa values for urine albumin, creatinine,  and uACR between the semi-quantitative and quantitative methods were 0.83 (CI 0.771– 0.880), 0.535 (CI 0.417–0.652), and 0.691 (CI 0.606–0.775), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of semi-quantitative methods were 90%, 73.3%, 75%, 89.2%, and 81.2%, respectively. The semi-quantitative uACR test on the UC-3500 showed excellent performance and could be used as a screening test for early detection of impaired kidney function.
A Literature Review: Relationship between Interleukin-1 Beta and the Severity of COVID-19 Andi Ita Maghfirah; Tenri Esa; Uleng Bahrun
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2255

Abstract

COVID-19 disease can cause dysregulation of the immune system, resulting in a cytokine storm. One of the cytokines released is IL-1B, a proinflammatory cytokine due to macrophage stimulation. This study aimed to provide a literature review of the value of Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1B) in patients with severity of COVID-19. This literature review was carried out using the search engines PubMed, Open Accessed Journal, Science Direct, and Google Scholar from December 2019 to December 2022. No studies suggested that IL-1B was associated with the severity of COVID-19. IL-1B is vital during the acute inflammatory response and helps T cells by linking innate and adaptive immunity as a lymphocyte activation factor. A gradual decrease in lymphocyte count was reported in severe COVID-19 diseases. The substantial reduction in lymphocyte count indicates that the SARS-CoV-2 virus increases immune cells and inhibits cellular immunity. This result might explain why IL-1B levels in mild COVID-19 were not significantly different from IL-1B levels in severe COVID-19. There was an increase in IL-1B levels in COVID-19 patients, but there was no relationship between IL-1B and the severity of COVID-19.
Family Study of Different Hemoglobin Disorders and Variants in North-Western India in Tertiary Center Neha Garg; Chetan Jain; Karandeep Singh; Aditi Bagla
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2329

Abstract

Hemoglobin-related disorders are among the most common inherited genetic disorders in the world. They are posing a serious health burden to the global health system. As per WHO, the highest incidence of hemoglobinopathies is in the Middle East and Indian subcontinent. Screening methods like High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) help in determining values of HbA, HbA2, and HbF and diagnosing hemoglobinopathies at the initial stages. The present study aims to determine the role of family studies using HPLC in hemoglobin-related disorders. A retrospective study of 48 months between January 2019 and January 2024, comprising 137 patients was conducted. Patients attending the Outpatient Department (OPD)and admitted to the Inpatient Department (IPD) with anemia and abnormal values of different hemoglobin (HbA, HbA2, HbF, etc.) along with family members were included in this study. Patients with less than 3 months of history of blood transfusion and less than 6 months of age were excluded from the study. A total number of 572 patients with Hb < 11 g/dL were screened. Out of 153 (26.74%) patients, 137 (23.95%) patients and their family members agreed to the family study. Among 137 patients, 72 were females and 65 were males. Therefore M:F ratio was 0.90:1. Pallor was present in 121 (88.32%) cases and splenomegaly was seen in 49 cases (35.76%). HPLC along with family studies is a quick and minimally invasive method to screen high to medium-risk large communities, which in return helps in controlling the spread of clinically dreadful homozygous state of hemoglobin disorders.  
Cover and Contents Dian Wahyu Utami
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2353

Abstract

Cover and Contents
Author and Subjects Indexs Utami, Dian Wahyu
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2354

Abstract

Author and Subjects Indexs

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