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Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting
ISSN : 27149838     EISSN : 27149846     DOI : -
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting serves as the journal that is devoted exclusively to accounting research. Its primary objective is to contribute to the expansion of knowledge related to the theory and practice of accounting in Indonesia, by facilitating the production and dissemination of academic research throughout the world. The scope of the journal covers all areas of accounting. To encourage the growth of Indonesian accounting research and practice, this journal let it open to all approaches to research, including, but not limited to analytical, archival, case study, conceptual, experimental, and survey methods.
Articles 260 Documents
Analysis of Tax Avoidance and Firm Size on Fraudulent Financial Reporting with the Beneish M-Score Approach Puspanita, Intan; Anistya Vinta Desi
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v6i4.1924

Abstract

This research investigated the impact of tax avoidance, firm size, and profitability on the F-Score as a measure of Fraudulent Financial Reporting (FFR) in Indonesian state-owned enterprises (BUMN). The use of the Beneish M-Score to detect fraud is not new, but applying it in the context of BUMN provides more insight into the level of honesty among government-linked businesses. The study utilizes secondary data from the annual financial statements of BUMN for the years 2019 to 2023 and employs multiple linear regression to examine the relationships among variables. The results indicated that tax avoidance exerts a positive and significant influence on FFR. It was implied that elevated levels of tax avoidance may enhance the probability of financial misstatement. On the other hand, the size and profitability of a company do not have a big impact on FFR. These results validate that tax evasion may serve as a preliminary indicator of possible financial reporting fraud. This study offers a contextual contribution to the Indonesian SOE sector and underscores the necessity of fortifying the theoretical framework that connects tax behavior to financial reporting errors. This study also offers practical recommendations for policymakers to enhance internal control systems and improve the transparency of taxation strategies for state-owned enterprises (SOEs).
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on SMEs in BRICS Economies: Current Findings and Future Research Opportunities Matenda, Frank Ranganai Matenda; Sibanda, Mabutho
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v5i3.1545

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly and adversely influenced the operations of small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) worldwide. Even though SMEs are associated with a unique traditional set of non-financial and financial challenges, the COVID-19 calamity shock has been harsh and extensive across SMEs in BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa), which are the fastest growing major emerging economies. This study examines the influence of the COVID-19 catastrophe on SMEs in BRICS countries and opportunities for future research. A systematic literature review is employed and twenty-six research articles are analysed to answer the research question of interest. The study results indicated that the pandemic affected innovative operational approaches of SMEs, exposed SMEs to financial challenges, influenced SME and stakeholder confidence, threatened the very survival of most SMEs, delayed the resumption of work in SMEs, and influenced market demand and supply and consumption. Further, the study results revealed that the analysis of the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on SMEs in BRICS nations has some distinctive and uncharted areas since this research field has a reasonably short history. These findings carry significant implications for SMEs by advocating for the introduction of policy initiatives that boost capacity building and encourage work resumption in SMEs during crisis periods.
The Moderating Role of Institutional Quality on the Nexus Between NPL and Performance Metrics of ROE, ROA and CAR Okine (Rev), Abraham; Garr, David Kwashie
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v6i4.1930

Abstract

The study explores the moderating effect of institutional quality (INSTQ) on the nexus amongst NPLs and bank performance in Ghana. Employing fixed-effects panel data from 2007 to 2021, and controlling for unobserved heterogeneity, the study offered robust insights into credit risk forces in a developing economy. The discoveries disclose a contradictory positive, and substantial relationship between NPLs and ROA and CAR. However, the influence of NPLs on ROE was positive, but not statistically substantial. Institutional quality exerted direct and significant influence on ROA, ROE and CAR. The interface term operating between NPLs and institutional quality is negative, demonstrating that INSTQ effectively decreases the influence of NPL on performance. Thus, the effects of NPLs on performance are significantly reduced in environments with stronger institutional qualities. While inflation rate shows negative and insignificant relationship with performance, GDP growth is positively related to ROE, albeit insignificant for ROA and CAR. The originality of this study lies in its empirical demonstration of the controlling role of INSTQ in an emerging economy. These findings have significant policy implications, underscoring the need to strengthen regulatory institutions and credit risk governance. Future research needs deeper investigation into the specific disaggregated dimensions of institutional quality and the impacts on performance.
Tax Audits, Penalties, Enforcements, and Tax Compliance Among Small Retail Firms Kwakye, Augustina; Amaniampong, Adjei; Opoku Frimpong, Bernard; Blavo, Benjamin
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v6i4.1946

Abstract

A major problem in developing countries, including Ghana, is the high rate of tax evasion. This has adverse implications for development as the government largely relies on tax revenue for embarking upon national developmental activities. There is therefore a need to explore avenues to prevent tax evasion and increase tax revenue by adopting measures that promote tax compliance. This study examined the effect of tax audits, firm knowledge, and tax penalty enforcement on tax compliance among firms in the Kumasi Metropolis in Ghana. The quantitative research approach was adopted. A sample of 50 firms was randomly selected. A logit multivariate regression technique was employed to analyze data. In relation to firm size, the study finds that tax audit, the firm’s knowledge and awareness of tax penalties, and the enforcement of tax penalties are positively related to tax compliance. The study therefore recommends that tax authorities increase tax auditing activities, disseminate more information on tax penalties, and enforce these penalties effectively. Through education, auditing, and enforcement of tax penalties, tax evasion could be reduced.
The Effect of Tax Expense Efficiency, Debt to Equity Ratio and Firm Size on Return on Assets Kamila, Dina; Arismutia, Salza Adzri
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v7i1.2132

Abstract

This study looks at the impact of Firm Size, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Tax Expense Efficiency on Return on Assets in coal subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2017 and 2024. There are seven firms in the sample, which results in 56 firm-year observations. “Pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) regression is used in the empirical analysis on firm-year data, and diagnostic tests are used to confirm that the calculated connections are reliable”. The findings show that the regression model as a whole is statistically significant, indicating that the independent variables work together to explain changes in Return on Assets. However, partial test findings reveal that Firm Size has a positive and statistically significant impact on Return on Assets, the Debt to Equity Ratio has a negative and statistically significant association, and Tax Expense Efficiency has no statistically significant influence. These results suggest that business size and capital structure have a greater impact on profitability in the coal subsector than does tax expense efficiency. By offering sector-specific data from a capital-intensive industry, this study adds to the body of literature by emphasizing the significance of financing choices and operational scale in determining business profitability as well as the limited relevance of tax efficiency under stringent regulatory frameworks.
Exploring Tax Aggressiveness Using DTAX: Evidence From Basic Material Companies Verdianto, Keevin; Michael
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v7i1.2126

Abstract

Indonesia continues to face challenges in optimizing tax revenue, as indicated by a low tax ratio of 12.1%, which is far below both the OECD and Asia-Pacific averages. This condition may be associated with low tax compliance and aggressive tax planning by corporations, particularly multinational firms. Nevertheless, prior studies primarily employ conventional tax aggressiveness proxies such as effective tax rate which may obscure discretionary tax behavior at the sectoral level. This study investigates tax aggressiveness in basic material companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, by examining the role of transfer pricing, thin capitalization, capital intensity, and sales growth during the 2019–2024 period. By employing Discretionary Permanent Differences (DTAX) as a proxy for tax aggressiveness, this study captures discretionary components of permanent book tax differences that are closely linked to tax-planning choices, making it theoretically consistent with agency theory. The study conducts 168 firm-year observations from 28 companies and applies panel data regression under Common Effect Model with Estimated Generalized Least Squares (EGLS). The results indicate that thin capitalization exerts a negative and statistically significant linkage on tax aggressiveness, indicating that despite the potential tax benefit of interest deductions, regulatory oversight reduces the likelihood of using debt as an aggressive tax strategy. In contrast, transfer pricing and sales growth exhibit positive coefficients, while capital intensity shows a negative coefficient, but are statistically insignificant when tested individually. This study presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of government tax policies in encouraging more cautious and compliant corporate tax planning.
Consumer Green Behavior and Sustainability Accounting-Based Marketing Innovation: A Systematic Framework for Eco-Brand Engagement Zainuddin, Muhammad Zabir; Tamburaka, Sulvariany; Dali, Nasrullah
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v6i4.2188

Abstract

This study develops a systematic framework that integrates consumer green behavior, sustainability-oriented marketing innovation, and sustainability accounting mechanisms in relation to eco-brand engagement. A qualitative systematic review was conducted using PRISMA 2020 procedures and thematic synthesis. In total, 38 peer-reviewed journal articles addressing green consumer behavior, sustainability marketing practices, sustainability disclosure, and eco-brand engagement were identified, screened, and analyzed. The literature suggests that eco-brand engagement is associated with the dynamic interaction among consumer environmental orientation (values, beliefs, attitudes, norms, perceived control, and social influence), sustainability-oriented marketing innovation (green products, processes, communication, and business models), and a sustainability accounting-based governance layer that may strengthen measurement, control, and disclosure credibility. Across the reviewed empirical and conceptual studies, engagement appears to be stronger when marketing innovation is supported by verifiable sustainability performance information, including environmental management accounting, sustainability performance indicators, and credible ESG reporting and assurance, which may help mitigate greenwashing risk and information asymmetry. The reviewed literature also indicates that stakeholder and institutional pressures are likely to influence both innovation priorities and disclosure practices, while engagement outcomes such as trust, loyalty, advocacy, and co-creation may provide feedback signals that inform subsequent strategic and resource allocation decisions. Overall, this framework points to eco-brand engagement not only as a behavioral and marketing-related outcome, but also as a governance- and accountability-related outcome linked to sustainability accounting.
Intermediation Efficiency and Bank Profitability: Evidence from Foreign Exchange Private Banks Mawarni, Aulia; Mardiyani
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v7i2.2134

Abstract

The Banking sector holds a crucial role in safeguarding financial system stability while fostering economic growth through its intermediation function. However, banking profitability in Indonesia has fluctuated due to intense competition for funds, slower credit expansion, and rising operational cost pressures. This study analyzes the effects of Third Party Funds (TPF) and asset growth on bank profitability, proxied by ROA, and examines whether NIM mediates these relationships in private foreign exchange commercial banks. This study contributes by focusing on IDX-listed private foreign exchange banks during 2022-2024 and testing NIM as a mediatior between TPF, Asset Growth, and ROA using a unified path model.  Empirical evidence focusing on this bank segment and recent observation period remains limited in the Indonesian banking profitability literature. This research adopts a quantitative approach, using secondary financial statement data for the 2022-2024 period, and selects samples purposively from 17 banks. Data were analyzed using path analysis with LISREL 8.8. The findings indicate that TPF and asset growth significantly affect ROA. TPF also significantly influences NIM, while asset growth does not. Moreover, NIM significantly affects ROA but fails to mediate the effects of TPF and asset growth on profitability. These results imply that profitability improvement is driven mainly through direct fund utilization and productive asset expansion rather than interest margin mechanisms.
The Influence of Financial Technology Management on Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Digital Literacy Nurlaela, Reni
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v7i2.2156

Abstract

The development of financial technology (fintech) has accelerated digitalization in financial institutions and requires more strategic technology management to strengthen financial outcomes. However, large technology investments do not automatically translate into better performance if they are not matched by employees’ ability to understand and operate the technology. This study therefore examines whether financial technology management is associated with financial performance and whether digital literacy moderates this association. Using a quantitative design and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‑SEM) with WarpPLS, survey data were collected from 200 bank employees directly involved in fintech use and management in Indonesian financial institutions. The measurement model was assessed through indicator loadings, composite reliability, and average variance extracted (AVE), while the structural model evaluation focused on path coefficients, the coefficient of determination (R²), predictive relevance (Q²), and the interaction term for moderation. The results indicate a positive and statistically significant association between financial technology management and financial performance based on PLS‑SEM estimates, and show that higher digital literacy strengthens this relationship. Employees with stronger digital literacy are better able to operate fintech applications accurately, reduce technical errors, and exploit data‑driven analytics in ways that are reflected in higher perceived financial performance, whereas low digital literacy constrains the effective use of financial technology and is associated with lower perceived outcomes. These findings suggest that successful fintech initiatives depend not only on the sophistication of systems but also on the digital capabilities of users. Strengthening digital literacy should therefore be treated as a core strategic lever to ensure that financial technology management contributes to sustained improvements in financial performance.
Moderation of Foreign Ownership on the Relationship between Determinants and the Principle of Prudence in the Banking Sector Herawaty, Vinola; Daeli, Florus; Widiarto, Indra
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v7i2.2158

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of financial distress, leverage, profitability, and firm size on the implementation of the prudence principle (accounting prudence) in the Indonesian banking sector, with foreign ownership as a moderating variable. Although prudence is crucial for banking stability, the current literature still shows inconsistent findings and limited evidence regarding the moderating role of global governance, which is a major gap in this study. The data analysis in this study was performed using SPSS software using a multiple linear regression approach. This model examines the influence of fundamental factors on the principle of prudence in the banking sector, using foreign ownership as a moderating variable to improve the accuracy of the empirical estimation results for a total of 129 data observations. Conversely, profitability had a significant negative effect, reflecting managers' tendency to be optimistic when financial performance improves to maintain market reputation. The unique contribution of this study lies in the finding that foreign ownership significantly attenuates the negative effect of profitability on prudence, demonstrating its role as an external monitoring mechanism in reducing managerial optimism bias. However, foreign ownership was not found to moderate the effects of financial distress or leverage. This study enriches the literature on agency theory in the context of emerging markets and offers practical implications for regulators to integrate foreign ownership structures as a supervisory instrument to enhance transparency and more robust banking risk management