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CORD
Published by International Coconut Community
ISSN : 02151162     EISSN : 27218856     DOI : 10.37833/cord
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Library & Information Science
Aims CORD aims to publish original research results and reviews on research and development. While encouraging those involved in research and developments to disseminate their finding it also assists policy makers and planners to be aware of the latest developments in the sector Scope CORD encompasses a broad range of research topics in animal sciences: seedlings and genetics, farming, harvesting, production, health, biotechnology, and production, socio-economic, and policy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 390 Documents
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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BRANDS OF ACTIVATED CARBON ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF COCONUT (Cocos Nucifera L) EMBRYOS IN VITRO Zosimo S. Bonaobra III; Erlinda P. Rillo; Osmundo D. Orense
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 14 No 2 (1998): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v14i02.318

Abstract

The effect of different brands of activated charcoal [Merck GR (Art. 2186), Sigma acid washed (C‑4386), Sigma neutralized (C‑3790), and Duchefa neutralized (C‑1302)] on growth and development ofcoconut zygotic embryos in vitro was evaluated. Analysis of data noted after one month revealed that there was no significant difference on percentage germination, shoot length, and number ofprimary root of cv. Laguna Tall embryos cultured in Y3 liquid medium supplemented with 2.5gll AC of different brands. Length of primary root of embryos cultured in Duchefa neutralized AC was significantly different from those in Sigma neutralized AC only after one month from initial culture. For the succeeding periods (2‑4 months), no significant difiference was observed among the treatments in terms of increment in plant height, number of scale and true leaves and length ofprimary root. Statistical analysis revealed thatpercentage ofseedlings with primary, secondary and tertiary roots did not differ significantly among the treatments 1‑4 months from initial culture. Results suggest that any brand (even alternately) can be used satisfactorily in the in vitro culture of coconut embryos.
GENETIC AND SEASONAL VARIATION IN COCONUT PRODUCTION K. SATYABALAN
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 14 No 2 (1998): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v14i02.319

Abstract

Variation in the yield of nuts in the coconut palms due to genetic differences of the palms and seasonal effects in the West Coast Tall cultivarpalms grown in a well‑maintained estate in Kerala on the west coast of India was studied every month continuously for a period offive years. The varying yield capacity and bearing tendency noticed in the palms may be attributed to the genetic differences between the palms. The marked fluctuations in the yield of palms classified as high yielders‑ those which yield 80 nuts and above per palm per year and low yielders ‑ those which yield 10 nuts and above per palm per year, do not follow a specific trend as in the case of seasonal variations. The yield of nuts in 66 palms in the estate which comprised of all the three yield groups during the different seasons of the year identified in Kerala as Hot Weather Season during the months of March, April and May, Southwest Monsoon Season during the months of June, July and August, Northeast Monsoon Season during the months of September, October and November and Cold Weather Season during the months of December, January and February showed that high yields of the palms in all the three yield groups were obtained mainly during the Hot Weather Season of the year. This pattern of production due to seasonal influence is seen to persist year afteryear irrespective of the magnitude of the yield obtained, with minor variations. This is attributed to the cyclic influence of varying seasons in a year on the different critical stages of initiation and development of the inflorescence which takes about 32 months from its initiation to open ing and during the development of the nut which takes about 12 months to develop from a fertilized female flower. The palms in the high yield group exhibit only slight variation and maintain their high yields than those in the medium and low yield groups. Data on the yield of palms during a period of five years indicate that those palms which continuously yield 80 nuts and above per year regularly for at least four years turn out to be regular bearers and high yielders. They should, as far as possible be selected as mother palms for propagation.
TODDY PRODUCTION MODELS OF PB 121 AND KHINA 1 COCONUT HYBRIDS Margaretha M.M. Rumokoi; Rusthampin H. Akuba
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 14 No 2 (1998): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v14i02.320

Abstract

Tapping PB‑121 for coconut toddy can possibly reduce the loss ofproduction due to Phytophora infection and increasesfarmers income. Experiment was conducted in order to know the potential production of toddy of PB‑121 hybrid compared to KHINA‑1. The experiment was carried out at Pandu Experimental Garden of Research Institute for Coconut and Palmae Manado, North Sulawesi. Fourteen spathes of sixty palms or each hybrid was tappedfrom May 1991 to May 1992. Observations were made on toddy volume and its sucrose content measured daily in the morning (07:00‑09:00) and afternoon (14:00‑18:00). Multiple regression models were used to fit the production and sucrose content pattern of toddy. The result showed that coconut toddy production of PB‑121 was higher than KHINA‑1 from each spathe. Ae average toddy production of PB‑121 was 52.99 litre per spathe and KHINA‑1 was 46 65 litre per spathe. The sucrose contents of KHINA‑1 and PB‑121 were not significantly different. Model of the toddy production of KHINA‑l and PB‑121 differed but there was no difference between the model ofsucrose content of those two hybrid coconut varieties.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE POST-REHABILITATION (FERTILIZATION) OF COCONUT IN SCFDP FARMS, PHILIPPINES Severino S. Magat , Ph.D
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 01 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i01.321

Abstract

Selected sample farms (79) under the Small Coconut Farms Development Project (SCFDP, Philippines) representing five (5) regions and nine (9) provinces were evaluated. The yield trends: (1) initial or benchmark; (2) during rehabilitation period (3-4 years); and (3) post-rehabilitation period (2) years were examined using the nut and copra yield estimation method of the PCA (MAGAT, 1995). On nut yield, the benchmark average annual yield of 35 nuts/tree increased to 91 nuts/tree during the rehabilitation (rehab) period but dropped to 70 nuts/tree during the post-rehabilitation (post-rehab) period or two (2) years without fertilizer application. This 160% increase in nut production (1995) followed by a reduction of 23% at the post-rehab period is indicative of a moderate to strong residual fertilizer effect after the significant rehabilitation of palms by fertilizer application (supplying mainly N, K, Cl and S fertilizer nutrients). On copra yield, the pre-rehabilitation annual copra yield of 0.94 t ha reached 3.01 t/ha during the rehab period, followed by a drop to 2.21 t/ha at post-rehab. The copra yield increase of 220% during the rehab (1995) is mainly due to the increase in nut yield and nut size or copra weight per nut. An average reduction of 27% during the post- rehab period was observed but in some areas the yield of palms dropped close to pre-rehabilitation nut and copra levels, suggesting lower degree of fertilizer residual effects compared to other coconut regions. Implications of findings in relation to the rehabilitation by judicious fertilization of low-yielding, nutritionally-deficient non­-senile palms are discussed.
BACTERIAL CONSORTIA FOR RETTING OF COCONUT HUSKS IN TANKS Anita Das Ravindranath; Saroi Bhosle
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 01 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i01.322

Abstract

A bacterial consortium developed on coconut husk leachates could ret coconut husk steeped for retting in rap water in a period of three months. The quality of the coir fibre obtained was comparable to traditionally retted fibre. The consortia could also bestow a greater degree of softness to the mechanically extracted coir fibre. Coir extraction can therefore be practiced by supplying the consortia for retting of husk for production of fibre and enhance the commercial utilization of the husk in coconut growing regions of Asia.
COCONUT LEAF ROT DISEASE COMPLEX A REVIEW N. Srinivasan; M Gunasekaran
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 01 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i01.323

Abstract

Occurrence of leaf rot disease (LRDC) of coconut is related to increased incidence of root wilt disease (RWD). The palms with RWD irrespective of age are susceptible, young ones are more susceptible to LRDC. Tender leaves especially the spindle play a critical role in LRDC incidence and the disease attributed to fungal complex. Among the 14 species of LRDC Angi, several were proved to be pathogenic; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penzig) Penzig and Sacc and Exserohilum rostratum (Drechsler) Leonard and Suggs are discerned as the main pathogens. C. gloesporoides was aggressive during monsoons and positively correlated with rainfall and relative humidity (11% RH, whereas Erostratum less strongly correlated Fusarium spp. predominated in dry seasons. Importance of microclimate, survival and quiescence of the pathogens are to be determined. Diagnosis of RWD by techniques such as PCR and understanding the molecular basis of vulnerability of palms to LRDC would help to initiate early control measures. Planting of RWD cum LRDC resistantl tolerant varieties after eradicating the RWD infected palms is desirable. Protection ofyoung leaves by chemical or biocontrol agents or a combination of both with phytosanitation is important. 4 system approach with integrated measures needs to be utilizedfor sound management of LRDC.
QUALITY OF COPRA MANUFACTURED FROM SUB-STANDARD NUTS S B. Ratnayake'
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 01 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i01.324

Abstract

It is well known that copra manufactured from sub­standard nuts are invariably of poor quality. The reasons that lead to or poor quality are varied, depending on the nature of the defect of the raw material. However, a better understanding of the parameters that cause poor quality can lead to attainment of considerable advantages, through minimization of losses arising from deterioration of quality of the product. Though the copra manufactured out of substandard raw material may not strictly meet with the standards of up-market grades such as "Edible " or the "Milling Superior" (See Sri Lankan Standards for Copra) the losses associated with the conventionally practiced systems are evidently possible to be reduced by using appropriate drying techniques. The trials carried out indicate some variations in preparation of raw material and the drying regimes, suitable for substandard nuts depending on the defect of raw material.
A REVIEW OF COCONUT RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Hugh C. Harries
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.325

Abstract

By looking at the titles of articles published in CORD since it began, in 1985, it should be possible to assess what areas of coconut research and development are important. This is so, because CORD is intended for a select group of readers - those who know about coconuts. The writers of articles for CORD, unlike authors of articles in specialist scientific or economic journals, do not have to compete for space with reports on the cutting-edge of science or with predictions about world-market economic forces. Which is a pity, because if they did it would mean that coconut was back in the position of the world's leading source of vegetable oil that it held for half a century. There are other technical and scientific journals, as well as national language publications, to which coconut R&D specialist can, and do, submit articles, but CORD is the one location where both the writer and the reader should be on the same wavelength.
AN INVESTIGATION TOWARDS DEVELOPING A MOLECULAR APPROACH TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF COCONUT BREEDING BY RAPD-MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION J.M.D.T. Everard
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.326

Abstract

Tall, dwarf green and San Ramon are three phenotypically distinct forms of coconut, currently used for production of hybrid seeds in Sri Lanka. Development of molecular markers for further improvement of important economic traits of these hybrids was thought important due to various constraints faced by conventional breeders. Sixty random primers (OPERON) were used for generation of RAPD profiles using DNA from 3 individuals of each form. All the sixty primers except one (OPC3) yielded RAPD-PCR products with coconut DNA. They generated a total of 326 consistently amplified bands of which 54 distinguished tall, dwarf green and San Ramon. Among RAPDs detected 16 and 8 were specific to tall and dwarf respectively, 18 distinguished dwarf and San Ramon from tall, 9 distinguished tall and San Ramon from dwarf and 3 distinguished tall and dwarf green from San Ramon. It is expected to study the segregation of these markers in F2 populations derived from tall x dwarf green and tall x San Ramon F1 palms.
COCONUT BREEDING: IDENTIFICATION OF PARENTS IN MALAYAN YELLOW DWARF AND TALL CULTIVARS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PROMISING DWARF FEMALE x TALL MALE HYBRIDS K. Satyabalan
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.327

Abstract

Results of a study made on the nut and copra characters of Malayan Yellow Dwarf palms and of the local Tall cultivars to select the parents which could combine well, when Malayan yellow Dwarf palms as pistillate parents are crossed with Tall cultivars as pollen parents are presented in this paper. In this study Malayan yellow Dwarf palms were classified into four groups based mainly on nut characters like shell and copra content which are fairly stable characters. The Tall cultivars were classified into five groups based mainly on the copra content per nut. Correlation studies made on the important characters of the nut in the Dwarf and Tall cultivars indicated significant correlations between the stable characters shell, kernel and copra. Based on this relationship it may be possible to identify palms in both which could combine well when Malayan Yellow Dwarf as pistillate parent is crossed with the Tall as pollen parent. The study has indicated that it may be preferable to select Malayan Yellow Dwarf palms which produce nuts which have a low shell content (less than 17 percent of husked nut weight) and yield a copra content of more than 150g per nut as pistillate parent and Tall palms which yield nuts of low husk content (less than 50 percent of the weight of fruit) and a high copra content of 200g or more per nut as pollen parent. The combining ability of the parents could be ascertained form xenia studies before taking up crossing work. Individual palms from both the cultivars which can combine well can be identified and utilized for the production of a large number of hybrid seedlings in a short time.

Page 35 of 39 | Total Record : 390

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