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CORD
Published by International Coconut Community
ISSN : 02151162     EISSN : 27218856     DOI : 10.37833/cord
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Library & Information Science
Aims CORD aims to publish original research results and reviews on research and development. While encouraging those involved in research and developments to disseminate their finding it also assists policy makers and planners to be aware of the latest developments in the sector Scope CORD encompasses a broad range of research topics in animal sciences: seedlings and genetics, farming, harvesting, production, health, biotechnology, and production, socio-economic, and policy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 390 Documents
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COCONUT EMBRYO CULTURE: PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE THRUST M.K. Nair; Anita Karun
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.328

Abstract

The safe movement of plant genetic materials has a major concern for many countries in the world. Collecting and exchange of coconut germplasm is difficult and not economic because of the bulkiness of the seed. Moreover, due to short dormancy, the seeds germinate rapidly and thus cannot be stored for more time in a germplasm expedition. Phytosanitary restrictions too severely limit the germplasm introduction. Standardization of embryo culture technique provides an easy and safe alternative for the movement of coconut germplasm and is emphasized in the technical guidelines of FAO/IPGRI (Diekmann, 1997). In vitro culture protocols for coconut zygotic embryos have been established by various coconut research institutes in Cote d’Ivoire, France, India, the Philippines and Sri Lanka (Engelmann, 1998). An embryo culture protocol broadly consisted of at least five components, viz., field collection of embryos, in vitro active storage, in vitro retrieval, ex vitro establishment of plantlets and finally the field establishment. A detailed description of each of these components together with a comparison among different embryo culture protocols developed at various laboratories, applications made for coconut germplasm collection and development required in the future are provided here.
COCONUT NUTRITION IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA Ollivier, J; Akus, W.; X. Bonneau
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.329

Abstract

Copra yield in Papua New Guinea is estimated at 0.6 tonnes per hectare per year. Several factors may be responsible for this low productivity compared to other Asia Pacific countries. Amongst these, nutrient deficiency is an important limiting factor. In order to evaluate coconut nutrition status in PNG, leaf sample collection was undertaken by examining 23 sites around the country and from a nutrition trial carried out at the Stewart Research Station of the PNG Cocoa & Coconut Research Institute (PNG-CCRI) in the Madang Province. Results of leaf analysis revealed significant widespread nitrogen deficiencies at most of the sampled sites and geographic variations in potash deficiency. Chlorine deficiency varied with geographic sites and was closely related to the prevailing wind pattern. Preliminary results on nut-set and flowering in the trial at Stewart Research Station revealed a positive response to nitrogen and chlorine-based fertilizer applications. This suggests that appropriate fertilizer applications would be benefit future coconut production on this particular site.
COMBINING ABILITY IN COCONUT (Cocos nucifera) K.U.K.Nampoothiri; P.M. Kumaran; B.A. Jerard; M.J.Ratnambal E.V.V.B.Rao; V.A. Parthasarathy
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.330

Abstract

Combining ability has been proved to be a method to identify and select the parents and hybrids for increased production through the exploitation of heterosis. The exploitation of heterosis would be useful if suitable hybrids are produced for low yielding environmental conditions of littoral sandy soil. Combining ability effects for early germination, seedling girth, seedling height and breadth of laminate leaf on coconut have been reported by Louis and Chopra (1991) and on husked nut weight by Fernando (1996). Estimation of GCA and SCA variance will help to find out the gene action involved in a particular character and thus one can decide the breeding method for the improvement of the character. The present investigation was carried out to find out the general and specific combining ability effects of parents and hybrids at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod.
INCREASED ATTRACTION OF ORYCTES RHINOCEROS AGGREGATION PHEROMONE, ETHYL 4-METHYLOCTANOATE, WITH COCONUT WOOD Ambrosio Raul R. Alfiler
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.331

Abstract

Trapping experiments at the Zamboanga Research Center of the Philippine Coconut Authority provided evidence of the resultant synergistic activity of the combination of the Oryctes rhinoceros aggregation pheromone, Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate, and old coconut wood in pheromone traps. Traps containing both old coconut wood and aggregation pheromone caught significantly more rhinoceros beetles than traps containing the pheromone or old coconut wood alone. The use of selective trapping using the aggregation pheromone presents a new option for the reduction of the beetle population in the field and control of this important pest of coconut palm in the Philippines.
PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IN VITRO-GROWN COCONUT (Cocos nucifera L.) PLANTS DURING ACCLIMATIZATION C S Ranasinghe; L K Weerakoon; Y M H Liyanage; D T Mathes
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.332

Abstract

The physiological status of in vitro-grown coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) plants during acclimatization was studied using nursery-raised seedlings as the control. The percentage of open stomata in leaves of in vitro-grown coconut plants was high at the initial stage of acclimatization but decreased during the course of acclimatization indicating an improvement in stomatal regulation. A progressive increase in the stomatal density, epicuticular wax deposition and leaf thickness in in vitro-grown plants was observed during acclimatization. As a result of the low light intensity, the epidermal cells of in vitro-grown plants were narrower and longer when compared to the control. With the exposure of plants to increased light intensity, the cells became wider and shorter as observed in the control. The leaf chlorophyll content was high in in vitro-grown plants under low light intensity. With increasing light intensity, a reduction in leaf chlorophyll content in vitro-grown plants was observed and at the later stages of acclimatization, it was comparable to that of the control. Variations in the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration in vitro-grown plants were observed in response to the changing environmental conditions. However, at the end of acclimatization, where the plants were ready to be transferred to the field, the physiological statuses of in vitro-grown coconut plants were comparable to that of nursery raised seedlings. The present study revealed that the embryo-cultured coconut plants could adjust well to the changing environmental conditions during acclimatization.
TRAPPING AND DISRUPTION OF THE MATING ACTIVITY OF SCAPANES AUSTRALIS USING LIVE MALE AS BAIT IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA Kakul, T.K; Laup, S; Stathers, T.; Beaudoin -Ollivier, L.; Morin, J.P; Rochat, D
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.333

Abstract

Scapanes australis is a major insect pest of coconut palms in Papua New Guinea. Field observations showed that on host plants like coconuts, male Scapanes always attracted females and other male members. Bucket traps were developed to lure Scapanes beetles using live males as attractant (bait). Live males feeding on sugarcane were placed singly in an inner bucket within a 10 litres bucket container with rectangular holes at the side for insect entry and soapy water inside for drowning the insects. Scapanes populations were continuously monitored by traps and results indicated a gradual decline in the Scapanes population over time. Traps were also placed in the field to see if losses to coconuts used by Scapanes can be reduced. Results indicated that the reduction in trap catches was not consistent. Further studies are required to study the physiological behavior of male Scapanes and to improve the technique of trapping of Scapanes with male member alone. The role of trapping Scapanes in pest management is discussed.
UNDERPLANTING OF YOUNG COCONUTS UNDER ADULT STANDS OF COCONUT PALMS FOR PRODUCTION OF EDIBLE VEGETATIVE PITH OR 'UBOD' Gerardo D. Padrones; Millicent I. Secretaria; Severino S. Magat
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 15 No 02 (1999): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v15i02.334

Abstract

The feasibility and viability of producing edible vegetative coconut pith or 'ubod' from young coconuts planted with double plants per hill under adult coconut bearing palms was studied at the Philippine Coconut Authority - Davao Research Center, Bago Oshiro Davao City. The average weight of 'ubod' from double planting scheme was 5.9 kg/palm (range 2.8 -9.4 kg) on the first year of 'ubod' harvest. There was a very slight increase (average of 0.2 kg/palm) in 'ubod' weight on the second year of harvest. The total ubod yield for two years harvesting schedule was 8.9 t/ha. Under the Davao growing condition, cost and return analysis of 'ubod' production in double plants per hill scheme indicated a total net income of P129,030 per ha in 4 years with a return on investment (ROI) of 180%. While copra production from adult bearing palms realized a total of P 114,675 for 4 years with an average ROI of 242%. Considering copra plus 'ubod' yield from this production scheme, the cumulative net income and ROI obtained were: P 242,389.6 and 203% respectively. Based on the results of this study with modest fertilizer application of ammonium sulfate plus common salt (NaCl), underplanting of two young coconuts per hill (spaced at two feet away from each other) at 3 x 3 m distance between spaces of bearing coconut palms harvested at three years from field-planting is a profitable and viable production scheme to increase farm productivity. The farm income with this coconut-based production is increased by 200% compared to coconut monocropping.
Integration of in silico and in vitro approach to reveal the anticancer efficacy of Virgin Coconut Oil Pruseth, Babita; Banerjee, Silvi; Ghosh, Amit
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 36 (2020): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v36i.415

Abstract

Background: Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has antioxidant properties and is being increasingly used as nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals. It also has a long history of ethnopharmacological use. Anticancer effect of VCO has been reported in several articles. The main bottleneck of exploring the anticancer efficacy of VCO is the difficulty in identification and validation of target proteins and their regulated pathways. Aim: The work plan was in-silico analysis using Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and STRING. CTD curated and integrated data for more than 5700 gene-disease and 2000 chemical-disease relationship. Medium Chain Fatty Acids (MCFAs) from VCO like Lauric acid, Caprylic Acid, Capric Acid, and Myristic acid can target almost 17 cancer-associated proteins. Method: Using in silico and in vitro approach, an attempt was made to identify the target proteins and their pathways regulated by VCO. Result: We analyze curated and inferred VCO-gene expression data and illustrate the impact of VCO exposure on cancer-related gene network and molecular function. In enriched pathway analysis, it has been evident that all of them are the part of different cancer-associated pathways (Neoplasms, Digestive System Neoplasms, Urogenital Neoplasms, Liver Neoplasms). This response may mimic the biological response to VCO. In silico result was tested by in vitro study and VCO kill the Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (hepG2). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study and several published studies it is proposed that a VCO may have immense potential as a botanical product against cancer.
Design and Development of Semi-Direct Copra Dryer for Flat Terrain Lesidan, Mencius B.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 36 (2020): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v36i.419

Abstract

The study was conducted to design and develop a semi-direct dryer for flat terrain. This dryer was designed to provide farmers an alternative to traditional and existing dryers particularly the semi-direct and indirect dryers. The components of the dryer were drying bed, plenum chamber, tunnel and firing chamber. It has a capacity of 2,000 nuts and the husks from the nuts were used as fuel for the dryer. The means of the average drying temperature on the front, middle and rear portions of the drying platform were 56.5 oC, 58.2 oC, and 58.4 oC, respectively. The average time of drying in bringing down the moisture content of the copra from 50% to 12% wet basis was 24 hours using only 66.30% of the husks. As of January 2017, the total cost of the dryer with shed was P 61,100.00 and the computed break-even cost was P 1.82/kg. The performance of the dryer is comparable to the existing dryers.
The Coconut Industry: A Review of Price Forecasting Modelling in Major Coconut Producing Countries Abeysekara, M. G. D.; Waidyarathne, K.P
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 36 (2020): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v36i.422

Abstract

The global supply and demand of coconuts and coconut-based products have been increased tremendously over the past decades; hence, the industry has become one of the significant contributors to the economies of producer countries. However, similar to the other agricultural industries, coconut has confronted by fluctuation in prices and accords the importance of reliable price modelling and forecasting techniques to ease the burden on the value chain actors. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review the main approaches used in modelling and forecasting coconut prices, with an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. The modelling techniques used in coconut price forecasting were mainly time series models dominated by univariate time series models. This type of models excessively confines the analysis to a single variable, despite the many interactions affected in a system of coconut pricing. The major drawback in existing price modelling studies is the absence of interacting factors such as prices, production, climatic variables and their interactions as a system. Therefore, it is important to extend the existing studies of coconut price modelling and forecasting with a system’s approach by including other influencing variables to generate more realistic forecast values, allowing the industry to adopt its changing circumstances. Keywords: Coconut, modelling, price forecasting, time series models, system’s approach

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