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CORD
Published by International Coconut Community
ISSN : 02151162     EISSN : 27218856     DOI : 10.37833/cord
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Library & Information Science
Aims CORD aims to publish original research results and reviews on research and development. While encouraging those involved in research and developments to disseminate their finding it also assists policy makers and planners to be aware of the latest developments in the sector Scope CORD encompasses a broad range of research topics in animal sciences: seedlings and genetics, farming, harvesting, production, health, biotechnology, and production, socio-economic, and policy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 480 Documents
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Feasibility of Using the Expression of the Retinoblastoma Gene as a Marker for Assessing the Embryogenic Potential of Coconut Ovary Culture P. I. P. Perera; V. Hocher; L. K. Weerakoon; D. M. D. Yakandawala; J. L. Verdeil
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 25 No 1 (2009): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v25i1.543

Abstract

Coconut is a monocotyledonous tree crop that is highly recalcitrant to in vitro culture conditions. Ovary culture is a promising technique for clonal propagation of coconut. A greater understanding of the fundamental aspects of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration is very important in achieving a break-through. Identification of tissues having a high embryogenic potential at an early stage is also very important to achieve a high regeneration efficiency and to avoid maintenance of non-responsive cultures for a prolonged period. In situ hybridization was employed to study the expression of CnRb gene in selected tissues, to identify a potential molecular marker to assess the embryogenic potential of coconut ovary cultures. The results revealed that in situ hybridization can be used to detect the expression of CnRb gene in the cells. It was possible to establish a relationship between the meristematic activity and expression of CnRb gene in the tissues tested. CnRb mRNAs were mainly localized in the meristematic cells and tissues such as calli and growing point of the developing shoots.
Characterization of Conserved Coconut Germplasm in Sri Lanka with Morphological Descriptors Suriya A. C. N. Perera; G. K. Ekanayake; R. B. Attanayake
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 25 No 1 (2009): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v25i1.544

Abstract

Characterization of conserved germplasm is of primary importance for genetic resources to be effectively used and for formulating further conservation strategies. The aim of the research reported in the current paper is to characterize 26 coconut germplasm accessions conserved ex-situ at Pottukulama field gene bank in Sri Lanka using morphological descriptors. A total of 17 stem, leaf and inflorescence traits listed for coconut by Bioversity International were scored in 30 randomly selected palms in each accession. Twenty six germplasm accessions evaluated included 5 dwarf accessions out of which 2 were of exotic origin and 21 Sri Lankan tall coconut accessions. Statistical analytical methods; principal component analysis, cluster analysis and correlation calculation were performed in Minitab version 11 while General linear models procedure and mean separation techniques were performed in SAS version 8. The first 3 principal components cumulatively explained 88.2% of the variation present among accessions. Stem, leaf characters and the length of central axis along with overlapping of male and female phases were identified as the main morphological traits distinguishing the evaluated germplasm. Talls and the dwarf groups separated clearly while the variation within the tall accessions was found to be very narrow. The exotic dwarf Brazilian green dwarf showed the highest distance with the tall accessions while the accession Brown dwarf was the furthest from the talls out of the local dwarfs indicating their potential for hybridizing with talls for maximum heterosis. Results further indicate that future germplasm collection should be based more on biased selection for distinct morphological features rather than random selections within tall populations in Sri Lanka.
Spatial Variability of Tugbok Clay Loam in a Coconut-Based Farming System (CBFS) in Davao City, Philippines L. H. Canja; E. P. Paningbatan, Jr.; R. A. Comia; W. C. Cosico; A. J. Alcantara
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 25 No 1 (2009): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v25i1.545

Abstract

The spatial distributions of soil physico-chemical properties were evaluated using variogram and kriging. Kriging as an interpolation technique that used variogram model of observed values was employed to determine values of a soil property at unsampled locations of the study area. Spatial variability map was then generated from the ‘kriged’ data points. Spatial variability analysis using variogram of soil properties showed spatial patterns of various levels. Spatial dependence appeared moderate for soil pH and total K in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and in subsoil (15-30 cm), weak for Bray P in the topsoil but strong for bulk density and organic matter and depth of the topsoil. Spatial variability maps of soil properties showed that the area is strongly acidic, low in organic matter and Bray P, high in total K with low bulk density values at 1.2 to 1.29 (g cm-3) and medium depth topsoil. Spatial variability maps generated by kriging are expected to provide information in precision agriculture in order to make better management decisions, reduce chemical and fertilizer costs through more efficient application, provide more accurate farm records, improve crop yield, and reduce agro-chemical pollution. Precision agriculture relies on the existence of in-field variability.
Toxins Produced by Fusarium Species in Leaf Scorch Decline Affected Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera L.): Quantitative Analysis of Fusaric Acid, Zearalenone and T-2 P. H. A. P Siriwardhana; L. C. P. Fernando; J. M. M. A. Jayasundara
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 25 No 1 (2009): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v25i1.546

Abstract

Leaf Scorch Decline (LSD) is a disorder of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) prevalent in Sri Lanka, for which the etiology is yet unknown and hence a study was conducted to identify the toxins produced by Fusarium spp. associated with LSD-affected palms. Root, stem and leaf tissues of LSD-affected and healthy palms were used to analyze the toxin content. Gas Chromatographic (GC) analysis carried out for Fusaric acid (FA), Zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2 (a Trichothecene) revealed the presence of FA in stem or leaves of many affected palms, but not in any of the roots. Total FA in stem and leaves was significantly higher (p>0.01) in affected palms than in healthy palms. Healthy palms were free of FA. Although ZEA and T-2 were present in both healthy and affected palms, the only significant difference between the two groups was ZEA in stem tissues. A strong association between FA and the presence of ZEA suggest they influence the production of LSD symptoms. The similarity of symptoms of Fusarium wilt diseases in other plants and LSD are discussed.
Ecofriendly Method of Coir Retting and Pith Utilization Using Bioinoculants-‘‘Coirret’’ and ‘‘Pithplus’’ Anita Das Ravindranath
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 24 No 2 (2008): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v24i2.548

Abstract

Coir fibre and coir pith are byproducts of the coconut which are a renewable biomass. The coir fibre is used for the manufacture of natural fibre products such as yarn, brushes, brooms, door mats and floor covering products and the pith has potential for use as plant nutrient source. Biotechnology has been applied to improve upon the conventional drudgery prone, non hygienic and polluting methods to extract coir fibre from coconut husks. Technology has also been developed to convert pith into a soil conditioner and potting medium for use in agriculture and horticulture. This paper presents data on “Coirret” a bacterial consortium for enhancement of retting process of coconut husks / fibre bales and “Pithplus” a white rot fungal biomass developed for biodegradation of lignin in coir pith for economic utilisation.
Impact of Covariate on Single Palm Plot Experiments in Coconut J. D. J. S. Kularatne; T. S. G. Peiris; S. Samita
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 24 No 2 (2008): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v24i2.549

Abstract

The most robust design in field experiments of coconut is the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with plot size of six palms. It has now become a serious problem in finding homogenous blocks for experiments in coconut and therefore a single palm plot has been recommended by the authors. This study found that single palm plot with covariate as pre yield data is the most suitable method to reduce the unknown variability of coconut palms based on analysis of data of seven concluded field experiments on cultural management and fertilization of coconut with plot size of six palms. The percentage reduction of CV in single palm plot with covariate with respect to single palm plot without covariate varied from 21% to 60% irrespectively location, period and type of the experiment. The percentage reduction of CV in single palm plot with covariate with respect to six palm plots without covariate was 40% to 71%. Thus single palm plot is recommended for field experiments in coconut except under special circumstance such as for coconut based farming system trails (CBFS).The methodology developed to select single palm from the concluded experiments with plot size more than one can easily be applied for similar studies in other tree crops.
A Predictive Model for Determination of the Iodine Value of Coconut Oil by GLC Analysis of the Component Fatty Acids J. M. N. Marikkar; J. M. M. A. Jayasundera; A. G. O. Kumari; K. P. Waidyarathna
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 24 No 2 (2008): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v24i2.550

Abstract

A study was conducted to develop a predictive model for determination of iodine value (IV) of coconut oil using gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis of the component fatty acids (FA). Altogether twenty-six samples were selected to represent three sub-categories of coconut oil, namely ordinary coconut oil, virgin coconut oil, and coconut paring oil. Out of the twenty-six, fifteen samples were used as a calibration set while the remaining eleven samples were kept for validation purpose. All twenty-six samples were analyzed for iodine value using the AOCS method Cd Id–92 and for FA composition using GLC detection of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Pearson correlation analysis between IV and individual FA indicated that lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) were the five parameters having strong correlation with the iodine values. When these five parameters were used as independent variables in a stepwise regression procedure, a predictive model for iodine value was obtained with C16:0 and C18:1 as independent variables (coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.9611 and standard error, SE=0.93). When the model was validated with an independent set of eleven samples, the coefficient of determination was 0.946 with an overall SE of 0.95. The study concludes that the iodine value measured by the GLC method was comparable to that obtained by AOCS method Cd Id– 92.
Clustering Coconut Farmers – A Successful Extension Approach for Enhancing Adoption and Income from Marginal and Small Holdings P. Anithakumari
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 24 No 2 (2008): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v24i2.551

Abstract

The study was conducted to document the process of cluster approach among the coconut farmers, impact of adoption of integrated practices for root (wilt) affected area, on income, yield and health of palms as well as improvement in intercropping and allied farm enterprises. The results indicated that clustering farmers of contiguous area enables participation and involvement of women, youths and farmers usually not covered under any R&D programmes and better resource management. The scaling up of the cluster model by various extension agencies, resulted in improvement of coconut yield by 90-100% and intercropped area by 2-4 times. The self perpetuating income generating activities among the farmers were vermicomposting/coconut basin management with green manure crops, crop diversification, backyard poultry by the women farmers and farm level coconut value addition among women self help groups.
Research Note: Polyembryony in Philippine Makapuno (Cocos nucifera L.) Hybrids Tessie C. Nuñez; Edwin T. Ocoy
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 24 No 2 (2008): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v24i2.552

Abstract

Polyembryony was found in five Philippine makapuno hybrids developed by the Visayas State University (VSU) namely: VMAC1, VMAC2, VMAC3, VMAC4 and VMAC5. Different numbers of multiple embryos in a nut, such as the most commonly encountered twins (2), the rare triplets (3) and quintuplets (5), were observed at very low frequencies of 0.7-10% per hybrid during some harvest periods. The multiple embryos were found clustered together under the ‘soft eye’ of the nut but they did not share any tissue. Among the hybrids, VMAC1 had the most frequent occurrence of polyembryony. Multiple embryos were encountered in VMAC1 in majority of the harvest periods. In the other four hybrids, polyembryony was very rarely observed. In vitro germination and development of the cultured polyembryos was almost synchronized. All polyembryos developed normally in vitro.
Development of Pomegranate Juice Blended Tender Coconut Water Beverage O. P. Chauhan; Asha Singh; P. S. Raju; A. S. Bawa
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 24 No 2 (2008): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v24i2.553

Abstract

Pomegranate juice blended tender coconut water ready-to-serve beverage was developed. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the levels of dependent variables (levels of tender coconut water, pomegranate juice, TSS and citric acid concentration). The responses studied were sensory (colour, flavour, consistency, mouthfeel and overall acceptability), pH and objective CIE colour values (L*, a*, b*). A Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) was used with six experiments at the central point. The data obtained were analysed employing multiple regression technique to generate suitable mathematical models. Quadratic polynomial models were found to fit well in describing the effect of variables on the responses with high correlation coefficients (R2 87.62 – 99.76), showing the adequacy of the models. An optimum level of the dependent variables (tender coconut water 6.54%, pomegranate juice 6.97%, TSS 12.80 Brix and citric acid 0.12%) was achieved through response surface models for getting optimum values of the responses. The experimental and predicted values at optimum conditions showed high correlation coefficients. The beverage prepared at optimum conditions of the variables showed a shelf life of 6 months at 5, 25 and 350C under packed condition.

Page 47 of 48 | Total Record : 480

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