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Babali Nursing Research
Published by Babali Health
ISSN : 27766993     EISSN : 27215989     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37363/bnr
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing
The Babali Nursing Research provides a forum for original research and scholarship about health care delivery, organisation, management, workforce, policy and research methods relevant to nursing, midwifery and other health related professions. The BNR aims to support evidence informed policy and practice by publishing research, systematic and other scholarly reviews, critical discussion, and commentary of the highest standard. The journal particularly welcomes studies that aim to evaluate and understand complex health care interventions and health policies and which employ the most rigorous designs and methods appropriate for the research question of interest. The journal also seeks to advance the quality of research by publishing methodological papers introducing or elaborating on analytic techniques, measures, and research methods.
Arjuna Subject : Keperawatan - Keperawatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 294 Documents
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Impact of Social Interaction and FOMO on Adolescent Mental Health in the Digital Age Diwyami, Ni Putu; Widyandari, Ni Made Ayu Sukma; Narlianti, Ni Putu Veny
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2025.64528

Abstract

Background: Social interaction in the digital era shapes adolescents' mental well-being. While online platforms promote social connection, they also increase exposure to cyberbullying, social pressure, and Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), which may lead to psychological distress. This study investigated how social interaction and FOMO simultaneously affect adolescents' mental health in Bali. Methods: This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between social interaction, FOMO, and adolescent mental health among 345 adolescents aged 10–18 in Bali Province. Participants were active social media users recruited through consecutive sampling. Data were collected using a validated 106-item Likert-scale questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.968) and analyzed using logistic regression with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that poor face-to-face interaction (AOR = 9.75; 95% CI: 4.99–19.03; p = 0.036), high online interaction (AOR = 17.10; 95% CI: 8.51–33.99; p = 0.001), and identified FOMO status (AOR = 6.13; 95% CI: 3.36–11.16; p = 0.018) were significantly associated with higher psychological distress among adolescents. Conclusion: A combination of reduced in-person social interaction, excessive online engagement, and FOMO substantially increases the risk of mental health problems in adolescents. Limited offline interaction restricts emotional support and social validation, while high online activity and FOMO contribute to anxiety, social comparison, and feelings of exclusion. These findings highlight the importance of promoting balanced social interaction and digital literacy in the digital age to support adolescent mental health.
Care and Technology Collaboration for Health: Upgrading Prevention of Chronic Complications through Family Empowerment (CATCH-UP) Widyandari, Ni Made Ayu Sukma; Udayani, Ni Wayan; Wardana, Ida Ayu Fla Aganta; Sa'diyah, Isty Nur Khalimatus
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2025.64529

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in Indonesia, where they impose significant healthcare burdens. Suboptimal patient self-care, often due to limited digital literacy and inadequate family support, exacerbates disease progression and complications. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a family-centered, technology-assisted empowerment program in improving digital health literacy, self-care behaviors, and family empowerment among CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A quasi-experimental design involving 60 families allocated into intervention and control groups was employed. Data were collected at two time points—baseline and after the 4-week intervention—using standardized questionnaires for digital literacy (eHEALS), self-care behaviors (SDSCA-CKD), and family empowerment (FES). Baseline data were collected during an initial face-to-face enrollment session, while post-intervention data were collected using secure digital forms. Statistical analyses included paired and independent t-tests and Pearson correlation. Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements in digital health literacy (mean increase = 8.21; p < 0.001), self-care behaviors (mean increase = 16.65; p < 0.001), and family empowerment (mean increase = 1.79; p < 0.001), with strong positive correlations between between family empowerment and self-care (r = 0.257; p = 0.047) and between digital literacy and family empowerment (r = 0.455; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The CATCH-UP model is an effective approach to enhancing self-care and preventing complications in chronic disease management through empowered family engagement and digital literacy enhancement.
The Effectiveness of SGLT-2 Inhibitors vs GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Enhancing Kidney Function and Glycemic Control for Diabetes Mellitus Patients with CKD: A Narrative Review Wibawa, Putu Ngurah Pradnya; Ekayanti, Ni Luh Putu Serly
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71506

Abstract

Introdution: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are highly interconnected, impacting global health. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) offer promising benefits for glycemic control, cardiovascular health, and kidney protection. This review compares their effectiveness in enhancing kidney function and glycemic control for T2DM patients with CKD. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using the PICO framework, searching the PubMed database and online search (ScienceDirect and Google Scholar) for English-language observational research articles published between 2020 and 2025. Articles focused on SGLT2i and GLP-1RA therapies in T2DM patients with CKD, assessing kidney function and glycemic control. Fifteen articles were selected from an initial 706. The keyword use is “comparing” AND “effectiveness” AND “SGLT-2 inhibitor” AND “GLP-1 RA” AND “kidney function” AND “glycemic control” AND “T2DM” AND “CKD” AND “patients”. Results: SGLT2 inhibitors consistently demonstrated strong renal protective effects, including slower eGFR decline and reduced kidney failure progression. GLP-1RAs excelled in glycemic control, weight management, and cardiovascular event reduction. While SGLT2i generally appeared superior for direct renal protection, some studies suggested comparable renal outcomes. Real-world data largely supported these findings, enhancing clinical applicability. Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitors are recommended for T2DM patients with CKD, especially those at higher renal risk. GLP-1RAs are valuable for glycemic control, weight, and cardiovascular benefits. Their complementary mechanisms suggest potential for additive benefits in combination therapy, necessitating further research to optimize patient outcomes.
Intervention to Reduce Burnout Among Nurses: A Scoping Review Lestari, Putu Indah Jelita Lestari; Swarjana, I Ketut; Adianta, I Ketut Alit; Sutini, Ni Kadek
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71521

Abstract

Background: Burnout among operating room nurses negatively affects patient safety and quality of care, highlighting the need for effective and accessible interventions in high-intensity clinical environments. Digital media–based relaxation approaches, particularly smartphone video interventions, offer a low-cost, flexible, and scalable solution. Therefore, this scoping review aims to map and synthesize the existing evidence on interventions to reduce burnout among nurses, with a particular focus on digital relaxation strategies delivered through smartphone videos. Methods: This literature review examined previous research findings in published articles. Article searches were conducted through PubMed and Science Direct using the keywords "Burnout interventions and treatment" for English-language articles and "burnout interventions AND treatment" for Indonesian-language articles. Fifteen articles were extracted based on the inclusion criteria. Results: Of the 313 identified articles (271 PubMed; 42 ScienceDirect), 308 were screened after removing duplicates; 50 were read in full; and 15 studies were included. The majority reported a reduction in burnout or its components (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization) and/or an improvement in professional quality of life following the intervention. Technology-based interventions (video/smartphone, mHealth, SMS) have demonstrated consistent effects and ease of implementation; however, the heterogeneity of instruments and monitoring duration limits generalizability. Conclusion: The review indicates that digital and smartphone-based relaxation interventions effectively reduce burnout levels among nurses, particularly in high-stress environments such as operating rooms. These methods are flexible, accessible, and cost-effective, making them a promising complementary strategy for burnout management. However, differences in study design, instruments, and intervention duration suggest a need for more standardized and longitudinal research to ensure sustainable and generalizable outcomes.
Evaluating Usability of EMR-Integrated Triage Technologies in the Emergency Department: A Literature Review I Gede Rendy Arizona Vallentino; Ni Luh Putu Inca Buntari Agustini; Wulandari, Ida Ayu Putri; Yustina Ni Putu Yusniarvati
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71530

Abstract

Introduction: The Emergency Department (ER) is a vital hospital unit that handles critically ill patients. The triage process determines treatment priorities, so speed and accuracy significantly impact patient safety. The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is expected to improve triage quality. However, usability aspects such as ease of use, efficiency, error prevention, user satisfaction, and workflow compatibility still require a comprehensive review. This review aimed to explore current evidence on the usability of EMR-based triage systems in Emergency Departments and the factors influencing successful implementation.Methods: This literature review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Articles were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the terms “usability,” “triage,” “electronic medical record,” and “emergency room.” Included articles were original studies published in English between 2020 and 2025 that addressed the validity, reliability, or usability aspects of an EMR-based triage system in the ED. Review articles, conference abstracts, and irrelevant studies were excluded. From the selection process, 15 articles were selected for analysis.Results: EMR-based triage instruments, such as EMOnco (Brazil) and CETS (China), are valid and reliable. Digital systems such as eResus, MUST-Plus, and CDSS improve documentation, accuracy, and patient safety. Mobile applications have yielded mixed results: MEDIC faces learnability challenges. At the same time, CoSMoS is easy to use despite limited EMR integration. User satisfaction increases when systems support team communication and transparency, but barriers such as low computer literacy, alert fatigue, resistance, and documentation burden persist.Conclusion: EMR-based triage technology in the ER has the potential to improve efficiency, accuracy, and patient safety, but its effectiveness depends heavily on usability. Successful implementation requires a user-centered design approach, ongoing training, and periodic usability evaluation.
Health Education Using Health Belief Model for Early Mobilization and Pain Post-Cesarean: A Literature Review Ekabudiningsih, Vinda; Susanti, Ni Luh Putu Dina; Diyu, Ida Ayu Ningrat Pangruating; Sagitarini, Putu Noviana
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71531

Abstract

Introduction: Postoperative pain and delayed mobilization after cesarean section (CS) can prolong recovery, increase complication risks, and extend hospital length of stay. Preoperative education is a non-pharmacological strategy to improve readiness, and the Health Belief Model (HBM) offers a structured approach by targeting perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. This review examined how HBM-based preoperative health education influences postoperative pain and early mobilization among CS patients. Methods: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using Kitchenham’s stages (planning–implementation–reporting) and reported using PRISMA 2020. Searches were performed in ScienceDirect and PubMed using the terms “Health Belief Model,” “postoperative pain,” “early mobilization,” and “cesarean section.” Eligible studies were full-text articles (2020–2024), written in English or Indonesian, that applied or discussed HBM within health interventions. From 3,218 records, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria after screening. Results: Across studies, HBM-based education was associated with improved patient understanding, stronger self-efficacy, and reduced psychological barriers (e.g., fear of pain or wound disruption), which supported earlier rising and increased physical activity. Higher self-efficacy and fewer perceived barriers were consistently linked to lower discomfort and faster functional recovery. Several studies also indicated that multimedia-supported education enhanced engagement and message clarity, potentially strengthening cues to action. Conclusion: HBM-based preoperative education shows promise for supporting pain management and promoting early mobilization after CS, thereby facilitating recovery and improving care efficiency.
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Influencing Factors among People Living with HIV: A Literature Review Ni Wayan Deani; I Gede Putu Darma Suyasa; Putra, I Nyoman Arya Maha; Kadek Sriasih
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71532

Abstract

Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy is the main treatment for HIV/AIDS, requiring lifelong medication to suppress the virus, prevent complications, and improve the patient's quality of life. However, adherence to ARV medication remains low, influenced by factors such as self-efficacy, social support, spirituality, depression, and various clinical and psychosocial conditions. This study aimed to review studies on ARV medication adherence and its factors among HIV patients. Methods: This literature review explored studies on ARV medication adherence among HIV patients. Searches were conducted in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL using keywords related to HIV, ARV adherence, self-efficacy, non-family caregivers, spirituality, and depression. The inclusion criteria consisted of original research articles published between 2020 and 2025 in English or Indonesian that examined factors influencing ARV adherence. Exclusion criteria included abstract-only papers, blogs, news articles, and review papers. Study quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist, and risk of bias was evaluated based on sampling methods, measurement tools, confounding factors, and data completeness. Findings were synthesized narratively. Results: A total of 1,653 publications were identified, and 15 studies met all criteria for inclusion. Overall, ARV adherence among HIV patients remained below the national 95-95-95 target. Key influencing factors were self-efficacy, social support (including non-family caregivers), spirituality, and depression, indicating that adherence is shaped by multiple interacting psychosocial and clinical dimensions. Conclusion: Strengthening self-efficacy, enhancing spiritual well-being, and reducing depressive symptoms may improve ARV medication adherence. Future research should explore integrated psychosocial–spiritual interventions and employ longitudinal or mixed-methods designs to understand better the causal pathways affecting ARV adherence.
Effectiveness of Prone and Orthopneic Positions on Oxygenation and Respiratory Rate in Isolation Ward Patients Dali, Agus Salim; Sentot Imam Suprapto; Nurwijayanti
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71533

Abstract

Background: Patients with respiratory disorders in isolation wards frequently experience hypoxia, and body positioning is a non-invasive strategy to improve oxygenation. Although prone and orthopneic positions are widely applied, comparative evidence regarding their effectiveness on oxygen saturation and respiratory rate in isolation ward patients remains limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of prone and orthopneic positions on oxygen saturation and respiratory rate among patients in isolation wards.Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a pre–post test and control group design was conducted. Sixty-six eligible patients were recruited using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria, then randomly allocated into three groups using simple randomization: prone position (n=22), orthopneic position (n=22), and head-up control position (n=22). Oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were measured at baseline, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after the intervention, and data were analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA and One-Way ANOVA for between-group comparisons.Results: Both prone and orthopneic positions significantly increased oxygen saturation and reduced respiratory rate compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The improvements were clinically meaningful in both intervention groups, with greater enhancement of oxygen saturation observed in the orthopneic position. Minimal physiological changes were found in the control group.Conclusion: Prone and orthopneic positions are effective non-invasive interventions for improving oxygenation and reducing respiratory rate in patients with respiratory disorders in isolation wards, with the orthopneic position demonstrating a marginally superior effect on oxygen saturation. Future studies are recommended to evaluate the long-term effects, optimal duration, and patient comfort associated with each positioning strategy across different respiratory conditions.
Pre-Hospital Burn Management Practices: A Scoping Review I Gusti Ngurah Agung Indra Dinata Jaya Putra; I Ketut Swarjana; I Nengah Adiana; Anak Agung Istri Wulan Krisnandari
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71535

Abstract

Introduction: Burn injury remains a global health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Although appropriate pre-hospital burn first aid can reduce complications, community knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding correct burn management remain inadequate.Methods: This literature review applied the PCC framework. The Population included communities and individuals; the Concept covered correct and incorrect burn first aid practices; and the Context focused on pre-hospital burn management. Eligible studies were experimental, cross-sectional, or cohort designs published in English or Indonesian within the past ten years and available in full text. Narrative, integrative, scoping, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and ScienceDirect using relevant keywords.Results: A total of 449 articles were initially identified from the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. After screening, 313 articles remained, of which 86 were excluded. Of the 227 full-text reports assessed, 187 were inaccessible. Forty studies were then evaluated for eligibility, and 25 were excluded because they did not discuss burn first aid (n = 10), were not community-focused (n = 8), or were irrelevant to the pre-hospital context (n = 7). In total, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings revealed that community knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding burn first aid were generally low.Conclusion: Pre-hospital burn management practices remain inadequate, with persistent misconceptions. Further research is needed to identify determinants influencing burn first aid behaviors to inform targeted community-based health education interventions.
The Effect of the SABA Program on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Among Breastfeeding Mothers in Makassar Harun, Ayatullah; Ayu Wulandari, Ikrawanty; Dirmansyah Asela, Siti Aisyah Ochin; Nurhasia
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71536

Abstract

Introduction: Low breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) is one of the main barriers to successful exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life. The SABA (Sentuhan ASI Bahagia) program was developed as an integrated intervention to strengthen breastfeeding support through education on breastfeeding techniques and training in infant massage. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the SABA program on BSE, breastfeeding frequency, infant weight, and mothers’ knowledge and skills.Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was conducted with 40 mothers and their infants at the Panambungan Primary Health Center, Mariso District, Makassar City. The research instrument was developed by the researcher and tested for validity and reliability before use during the main data collection. Bivariate analysis was conducted to compare pre-test and post-test values for the variables infant massage knowledge, breastfeeding technique knowledge, infant massage skills, breastfeeding technique skills, breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE), breastfeeding frequency, and infant weight after the SABA Program intervention.Results: BSE increased significantly after the intervention (p < 0.05). Breastfeeding frequency and infant weight also increased significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, mothers’ knowledge and skills in breastfeeding and infant massage improved significantly (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The SABA program is an effective integrated intervention to enhance BSE and improve breastfeeding outcomes, supporting its integration into breastfeeding support strategies in primary healthcare settings (Puskesmas).Top of Form

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