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Articles 1,542 Documents
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Loss of Rice Yields Due to Rice Ragged Stunt Virus (RRSV) on Several Varieties (Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Inpari 16, and Ciherang) in Madiun Yeni Trias Kurniawati; Wahyu Niken Febrianti; Christina Ika Novidiarsih; Guntur Jumantoro; Khoirul Mukhtar
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Magister Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3207

Abstract

Rice Ragged Stunt Virus (RRSV) is one of the plant diseases or annoyances in rice plants where the Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) is the vector. In the first dry season (MK 1) in 2022, the area of rice plants in Madiun experienced symptoms of RRSV almost reaching 10%. Most farmers grow the Inpari 32 rice variety which has various advantages, including grain weight, high yield percentage and the brightly colored character of the grain. But in first dry season (MK 1) of 2022, Inpari 32 is a rice variety that is heavily attacked by RRSV. This study was carried out on 4 varieties, each Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Inpari 16, and Ciherang, with the aim of knowing whether there were noticeable differences in the intensity of RRSV attacks and yield losses in the four varieties. Data collection was carried out in 19 villages in Madiun. The results of the 5% Tukey HSD Test found a noticeable difference, Inpari 42 is the variety that shows the least yield loss among 3 other varieties, each Inpari 32, Inpari 16, and Ciherang.
Rubber Exploitation System and Its Influence on Tapping Panel Dryness Disease (Case Study: PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII Kebun Kotta Blater) Dwi Lestari; Endang Triwahyu Prasetyawati
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3107

Abstract

Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg.) is one of the main commodities in the plantation sector in Indonesia, making demand for rubber increases every year. The higher the demand for natural rubber, the higher the level of rubber production. Rubber productivity can be maximized through the application of exploitation systems in the field. The exploitation system is a series of tapping systems that are applied throughout the production time of rubber plants (20-25 years) with the aim of obtaining high production yields, and are divided into 2, namely conventional exploitation and stimulants. The application of an excessive rubber exploitation system can cause Tapping Panel Dryness (KAS) disease which is characterized by not releasing latex or drying latex. This research was carried out on January 10 – February 12, 2022 at PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII Kebun Kotta Blater, Jember Regency which aims to determine the effect of the exploitation system on KAS. KAS is influenced by all stages in the exploitation system such as the use of stimulants, plant age, and tapping techniques. The intensity of KAS disease in old rubber TM in 1995 and 1996 was 1-2,20%, while in young rubber TM in 2013 it was 0%. The older the age of the rubber plant, the more susceptible it is to CAS disease as a result of tapping with high intensity (over exploitation), excessive stimulants, or tapping techniques that are not in accordance with the norm, causing wood injuries.
The Role of in Vitro Culture Producing Secondary Metabolites and Plant Conservation Techniques to Overcome the Environmental Crisis Sutini; Widiwurjani; Didik Utomo Pribadi; Nora Augustien
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3108

Abstract

This paper aims to examine the role of in vitro culture as a technique to produce secondary metabolites that are needed in various fields. In addition to producing secondary metabolites, in vitro culture can also be used as a plant conservation technique that can produce plantlet asexually in large numbers. This large number of plantlets besides being commercialized, its growth and development of plants is useful for overcoming the decline in environmental quality. An example of a plant will be useful as the lungs of an area and its roots will reduce the erosion of land areas. The conceptual framework of this study is that in addition to producing secondary metabolites, in vitro culture also has a function for plant conservation which in the future can prevent environmental damage. The problem in this study is the instability in the secondary metabolite biomass production and the need for optimization in the domain of conservation techniques. The method of this paper writing was extracting data information from journals, books and online sources which being analysed descriptively and qualitatively to verify the data objectively. The result of this study showed the role of in vitro culture that can produce secondary metabolites and can be implemented in plant conservation that overcome environmental crises.
Utilization of Neem Leaves as a Biological Pesticide for the Control of Anthrachnose Diseases in Dragons (Hylocereus sp.) Nolla Dwi Elvira; Yenny Wuryandari
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3109

Abstract

Dragon fruit (Hylocereus sp.) has problems in its cultivation related to Plant Pest Organisms (OPT). One of the pathogens that attack dragon fruit plants is Colletotrichum sp. which can cause anthracnose. dragon fruit pest control method can be done by using biological pesticides from neem leaf extract. Pesticides from plant extracts are sources of various compounds that are rich in various types of active ingredients such as secondary metabolites that play an important role in the process of interacting or competing and protecting themselves from competitors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of neem leaf pesticide for controlling anthracnose on dragon fruit plants. The method used is testing the inhibitory power of neem leaf biological pesticides against anthracnose on dragon fruit plants in vitro. The concentration treatments of biological pesticides included 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%. The results obtained showed that the biological pesticide neem leaf with a concentration of 20% already had an inhibitory power against the pathogen Colletotrichum sp. which is quite good because at that concentration it already has a fairly high antifungal compound. The magnitude of the inhibitory power of neem leaf biological pesticides at a concentration of 20% was 53.94%.
Estimating of Coffee Plantation Carbon Stock in Jatikerto and Surrounding Areas Bagas Andreansyah; Nisfi Fariatul Ifadah; Soemarno
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3110

Abstract

The increase in human population causes several negative impacts, one of which is the extreme climatic changes. The main cause of this climatic changes is global warming due to the increase in greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CH4, CO2, and NO2 in the atmosphere where this is caused by the burning of fuel for motor vehicles and factories, as well as a decrease in carbon-absorbing plant vegetation due to the clearing of new land. This research is to estimate how much coffe plantation in ATP Jatikerto contribute on containing carbon stock. The methods used in this study namely non destructive by adhering to SNI-7724 which recommends estimating carbon stocks using an allometric model, the types of plants at the observation site were Coffea liberica, Coffea canephora, Gliricidia sp., Leuceana sp., Musa sp., and Theobroma cacao. There are 4 vegetation structures at the observation site, namely C. liberica with Gliricidia sp., then C. canephora with Gliricidia sp., then C. canephora with Leuceana sp., and C. canephora with Musa sp.
Analysis of Added Value and Business Feasibility in Terms of The Economic Aspect of Processing Temurui Leaf Chips (Murraya koenigii) Nusa Village, Lhoknga District Afta Pratiwi Br Barus; Zakiah; Mustafa Usman
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3111

Abstract

Temurui or Murraya koenigii, often also called curry leaves or koja greetings, is widely available in Aceh Province which is known in the Acehnese local language "Temurui leaves". Temurui plants are widely planted in the yards of Acehnese people's homes as ornamental plants, and the majority of Acehnese people use these plants as ornamental plants. Acehnese specialties, such as chicken catching and curry spices. So far, temurui leaves are only used for personal consumption, the rest are sold at a relatively low relevance price of IDR. 10,000 per Kg which causes this temurui leaf to be wasted so much just. Based on the analysis of the added value and business feasibility in terms of the economic aspect of processing temurui leaf chips (Murraya koenigii) in the home industry of Oen Temurui, Nusa Village, the added value of processing temurui leaves into temurui leaf chips is IDR 108,200/Kg or 54.1 percent. Economic feasibility analysis using the R/C ratio yielded 1.6 results, where the R/C value > 1 so that this business was feasible and profitable.
The Husk Charcoal Biobriquettes as Alternative Energy Based on Rice Husk Waste Novisrayani Kesmayanti; Bahrul Ilmi
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3112

Abstract

The decrease in the availability of gas and oil fuels has prompted government policy regulations that lead to the development and use of alternative energy. In Indonesia, there are many natural vegetable resources that can be used as alternative energy raw materials, one of which is rice husk waste. The Rice husk waste can be processed and utilized into bio-briquette husk charcoal which is environmentally friendly and has relatively high energy potential. This experiment aims to produce quality husk charcoal bio-briquettes with a neat and uniform shape, a solid structure, and not easy to break, as well as good combustion and composing power. Experimental treatments: The structure of husk charcoal (S) : S1 = mashed and S2 = not mashed. The composition of the adhesive dough (which is the ratio between tapioca flour and water) (A): A1 = 1 part tapioca: 5 parts water and A2 = 1 part tapioca: 7 parts water. The experimental results show that there are differences in physical characteristics between husk charcoal briquettes using mashed and unmashed husk charcoal as raw materials. The composition of the dough and the consistency of the adhesive also affect the quality of the husk charcoal briquettes. The combustion power and coals produced by briquettes from husk charcoal are better than those that are not mashed. The husk charcoal briquettes from a mixture of husk charcoal that were mashed with 1:5 dough composition and 1:7 had relatively the same characteristics. The combustion power of briquettes from the 1:5 dough composition is better than the 1:7 dough composition.
Analysis of Interactions Between ComponentsCatfish (Clarias batrachus), Mango (Mangifera indica), Banana (Musa paradisiaca), and Jabon (Neola-marckia cadamba) and Their Relationship to Pest Dynamic in Agrosilvopastural System, Tamiajeng Village, Trawas, Mojokerto, Indonesia Chairunnisa Faza Nabillah; Ardhia Pramesti Cahyani; Difa Eka Pranoto; Diah Budi Kusumawati; Firdi Ihza Rochman; Penta Suryaminarsih
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3113

Abstract

Agrosilvopastoral is a type of agroforestry that combines woody and non-timber crops, as well as animal husbandry/fisheries components. The agroforestry pattern in Tamiajeng Village belongs to the agrosilvopastoral type with components of jabon trees, mango banana trees and catfish ponds. The survey results showed that there was an interaction between the components of the observed agrosilvopastoral. Jabon and manga trees serve as shade for catfish ponds because catfish eggs need shade to hatch. The observations also showed the presence of dominant plant-disturbing organisms, such as fusarium wilt on bananas and sooty mildew on manganese. Integrated and sustainable control can be carried out by removing banana plants that are affected by disease and are no longer producing and can be used as catfish feed because banana stems have a function as additional nutrition and prebiotics for catfish. Controlling sooty mildew disease can be done by increasing air humidity in the presence of fish ponds so as to suppress the spread of conidia Capnodium sp sooty mildew fungus on mango leaves. Fish pond water can also be used as organic fertilizer for plants because it contains elements of nitrogen and phosphorus.
The Effectiveness of Vegetable Neem Leaf Pesticides Against Purple Spot Disease on Onion Plants in The Rain Season Serlia Nur Abifah; Penta Suryaminarsih; Juniawan
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3114

Abstract

Purple spot disease is one of the main diseases in leaf onion cultivation. One form of control is carried out by utilizing neem plants, especially the neem leaves which have the potential as vegetable pesticides (fungicides). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of neem leaf vegetable pesticide and to obtain the right concentration of neem leaf vegetable pesticide in controlling purple spot disease on a leaf in rainfall season. This study used an experimental method designed in a single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using neem leaf pesticide consisting of three treatments (control, 10%, and 20%). The results showed that neem leaves at a concentration of 20% were effective as a vegetable pesticide to control purple spot disease on leaf onion. Neem leaf vegetable pesticides at a concentration of 20% were able to inhibit the increase in the area of attack symptoms and also inhibit the intensity of purple spot disease attacks on leaf onion by 13.84%. This is caused by the increase in concentration causing an increase in the content of the active ingredient in the substance which functions as a pesticide that is able to inhibit the spread of large quantities.
The Utilisation of Botanical Pesticide as Pest Control in The Management of Organic Vegetable Farming Faradila Amir; Sri Wiyatiningsih
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3115

Abstract

Botanical pesticides are eco-friendly pesticides derived from plant extracts. Botanical pesticides can be used as pest control in organic vegetable farming. Some pests are known to attack organic vegetables, such as the large cabbage-heart caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana) and aphids (Myzus persicae) attack the cauliflower plant; grasshopper (Atractomorpha similis) and flea beetle (Phyllotreta nigripes) attack the green mustard plant, and the beetle (Epilachna borealis) attacks tomato plants. Some botanical pesticides used to control these pests are derived from soursop leaf extract, paitan leaf extract, and neem fruit extract. The results of the application of these pesticides can reduce the pest population; the percentage of pest population decline in C. pavonana is 30%; M. persicae s by 65.5%; A. similis by 66.6%; Ph. nigripes by 60%; and E. borealis as much as 66.6%.

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