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<![CDATA[Digital Visualizer as an Aid-assisted Teaching in Anatomy ]]>
<![CDATA[Senthil kumar.B1, Deepti Shastri2 , Samraj. T3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11530
<![CDATA[Background: Innovative medical education technologies are used as alternate mode of teaching-learning ofanatomy to undergraduate students. As knowledge of anatomy helps students in their clinical area, effectiveinnovative teaching-learning tools need to be explored to build up their competency in anatomy.Aim: To find the outcome of application of digital visualizer in systematic teaching-learning of anatomy toundergraduate dental students.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken among first year dental students studyingat Penang International Dental College, Salem, India. 50 students were divided in two groups. The groupswere subjected to conventional and aid-assisted teaching using digital visualizer in a cross-over design onseparate topics with comparable level of difficulty. Both groups were assessed by pre and post-test followedby feedback from them in reference to use of digital visualizer as aid in regular anatomy teaching-learningprocess.Results: Both the conventional and aid-assisted teaching showed significant changes in students pertainingto gaining of subject knowledge and the mean post-test score was found to be higher with the use of digitalvisualizer. The post-test scoring using digital visualize in both groups was higher in osteology teaching(10.21±0.76 & 10.39±0.83) and cadaver specimen demonstration (8.76±0.44 & 8.80±0.41). In the feedbackanalysis, majority of the students considered digital visualizer as an innovative aid for teaching-learning inanatomy.Conclusion: The use of medical educational technologies can assist as a comprehensive tool in regularteaching learning sessions. The study will be further continued for first year medical students of ourinstitution.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of Assertiveness and Self Esteem among Nursing Students in Selected Nursing Colleges: A Systematic Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Shilpa1 , Shalini2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11531
<![CDATA[Background: Assertive behaviour promotes a feeling of personal power and self-confidence. These twocomponents are commonly lacking in individual/students. Becoming more assertive empowers individualsby empowering self-esteem, without diminishing the esteem of others. Purpose: To systematically reviewthe articles to assess assertiveness among nursing students in selected Nursing colleges. Method: The searchof significant articles including assertiveness and its correlates among nursing students was carried out inPubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and other databases. It includes both Qualitative and Quantitative studieswere evaluated according to predefined quality criteria. Medline and PubMed were searched to identifypeer-reviewed English-language studies published between 1985 and March 2018 reporting Assertivenessamong nursing students. Total 250 studies were selected for review, out of which only 30 Studies were foundappropriate to be included in the study. Results: Analysis was done 90 papers were retrieved by the search.Among them, 30 were evaluated to be of higher quality. These Studies included sample of nursing studentsand excluded Non Nursing Students. Conclusion: Based on the review it was concluded that the level ofassertiveness among nursing students studying in advanced Semesters was increased slightly as compared tothose displayed by first-semester. It was also concluded that concluded that there was significant correlationfound between the assertiveness and academic achievement and with self- esteem.]]>
<![CDATA[Cryotherapy as an Adjunct to Cleaning and Shaping in Endodontics: A Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Shivangi Vats1 , Vinod Jathanna2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11532
<![CDATA[Cryotherapy refers to treatments that are done at reduced temperatures. In the recent times, Cryotherapy hasfound use in the field of endodontics during root canal irrigation, primarily to reduce post-operative painafter non-surgical endodontic therapy. In this review, we are throwing some light over use of Cryotherapy inroot canal irrigation, its clinical implications along with positive and negative side effects based on currentlyavailable literature. Vital pulp cryotherapy is a process in which sterile water ice shavings are applied onexposed pulp tissue. Cryogenic fluid, when used as an irrigant has shown efficacy in antibacterial actionas it can reach the desired depth and bring about immediate freezing of bacterial cells along with theirsubsequent Cryodestruction. Use of cold saline solution (2.5 0 C) as the final irrigant brings about reductionin external root surface temperature by more than 100C for 4 minutes, which might be produce a local antiinflammatory effect in the periradicular tissues. In addition, Various clinical and experimental studies havehighlighted the role of Cryoirrigation in controlling post-operative pain after endodontic therapy]]>
<![CDATA[Prevalence of Pelvic Girdle Pain in Post Partum Women ]]>
<![CDATA[Shraddha Dhongade1 , G. Varadharajulu2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11533
<![CDATA[Background: Pelvic girdle pain is frequently reported musculoskeletal disorder in pregnant women. Thecondition is complex and underlying mechanism is unclear. Onset of pain is usually at 14-30 weeks ofgestation.Pregnancy hormones soften and stretch the ligaments of the body allowing the pelvis to open slightly duringlabour thus allowing easier passage. This leads to less stable pelvis. Women experiences reduced capacityfor activities such as standing, walking and sitting.PGP results in greater disability in pregnant women.Pelvic instability and pain due to increased lumbar, thoracic and pelvic mobility due to secretion of relaxinhormone lead to increased ligament laxity and there is slightly larger range of movement in the pelvic joint.[3]PGP is diagnosed on the basis of site of pain and ability to the pain by using the pain provocation tests. PGPis managed conservatively by a multidirectional team. It include addressing the psychosocial implication forthe women and family. Approach should be implemented for activity modification , pelvic support garments,manage acute exacerbations, physiotherapy and exercise program to prevent progression of symptoms.Objective: To find out the prevalence of pelvic girdle pain in post partum women.Method: An observational study was carried out using a cross sectional study design. The study wasconducted in the city of Karad, Maharashtra. Study was conducted using a sample size of 64 post partumwomen for a period of 6 months. The inclusion criteria was 20-40 years of females were included who werehad FTND. Exclusion criteria was obese females, pre pregnancy low back pain, women with high risk ofpregnancy and any kind of trauma to pelvic during pregnancy.Results: The results showed that 60.93% women have pelvic girdle pain during their post partum period byusing FABER, P4 test and pelvic girdle questionnaire (PGQ).Conclusion: On the basis of the result of the study, it was concluded that there is significant pelvic girdlepain in post partum period.]]>
<![CDATA[Practices of Documentating the Pre-Operative Informed Consent in Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a Tertiary Care Hospital – An Interventional Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Shreen R.1 , Kagne R.N.2 , Ganesh Rajendiran3 , Jayasree M4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11534
<![CDATA[An informed consent form plays a major role both in giving the needed information for the patient andas a legal tool for the doctor to carry out various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. This paper wasan interventional study, conducted in Department of Forensic Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar MedicalCollege and Hospital, Madagadipet, Puducherry to audit and improve the current practices of using informedconsent forms by the faculties of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The practice of documentingthe informed consent forms obtained during the major surgeries of the concerned department was analyzedusing a validated check-list. Deficiencies were identified in the documentation and an intervention wascarried out to stress on the importance of documentation in the consent forms and the post-interventionalconsent forms were analyzed against the same validated check-list. The results of both the pre- and postintervention data on the documentation of consent form were analyzed and compared, which showed asignificant improvement in the documentation of the informed consent forms by the faculties of the Obstetricsand Gynecology Department. This study result will emphasis the role of intervention mode used to enhancethe documentation of informed consent forms.]]>
<![CDATA[Otitis in Aerospace-Aerotitis: A Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Shweta Sharma1 , Heeral Joshi1 , Pooja Anand2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11535
<![CDATA[Background: Aerotitis media is a painful disorder of ear which is experienced during ascent & descent ofthe flight, caused by rapid change in external pressure leading to discomfort, pain, hearing loss, tinnitus andvertigo. It can also lead to permanent hearing loss.Objective Methods: Various research articles have been reviewed from different databases such as GoogleScholar to study the various preventive strategies which can be taken to avoid this condition during flight.Result: Valsalva maneuver is helpful in decreasing the symptoms of aerotitis media and making passengerscomfortable during the air travel.Conclusion: As aerotitis media is prevalent in ascent and descent of flight passengers, Valsalva maneuver andother preventive strategies shows beneficial effects on the symptoms of the condition through incorporatingits principles]]>
<![CDATA[A Morphometric Study to Find Correlations among Various Dimensions of Proximal End of Humerus of Telugu Population ]]>
<![CDATA[Sinchal Datta]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11536
<![CDATA[Background: Long bones from skeletal remains are useful for identification of the deceased, estimation ofstature, determination of sex etc. in case of fracture of proximal humerus, the contra lateral head dimensionsare used as a template for making prosthesis in replacement surgery.Aims and Objectives: To study and compare the morphometric data of proximal end of humerus of Telugupopulation with similar studies of other ethnic populations, and generate regression equations using themeasured parameters.Material and Methods: Study was conducted on 159 unpaired dry humeri (72 right and 87 left) fromthe collection of Department of Anatomy, Mamata Medical College, Khammam, Using slide calliper andOsteometric board.Results: The mean of maximum length of humeri of right/ left side were 309.88 ± 20.07/ 303.97 ± 22.07,the mean of transverse diameter of humeri of head of right/ left were 38.95 ± 3.38/38.21 ± 3.68, the meanof vertical diameter of humeri of right/ left were 42.77 ± 3.86/41.28 ± 3.84,the mean of circumference ofsurgical neck of right/left were 81.18 ± 8.47/79.58 ± 7.30. Circumference of surgical neck had a strongpositive correlation with transverse diameter & vertical diameter of head which was statistically significant( p < 0.001).Conclusion: The morphometric parameters of proximal end of right humeri were found to greater thanthat of the left humeri. The mean humeral length was similar to that found in studies of various Indianpopulations.]]>
<![CDATA[A Comparative Study of Facial Indices of Maharashtrian Adults with Other Ethnic Group and Test For Reliability of Sexual Dimorphism ]]>
<![CDATA[Sinchal Datta1 , Sawant V.G2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11538
<![CDATA[Background: Variations in different craniofacial features is studied and documented using variousanthropometric techniques. The same depends on gender, race, ethnicity, nutritional and socioeconomicstatus of a person. So the human face and its variations has always been an object of interest for anatomists,forensic experts, anthropologists, plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, security experts and artists. Theaim of the present study was to identify the facial phenotypes of the Maharashtrian Males and Females.Availability of the Facial indices will augment the already available data of other studies.Materials and Methods: The present study was done on 505 (243 males, 262 females) pure bredMaharashtrian adults (3 generations on the maternal and paternal side of Maharashtrian origin)of the agegroup 18-60 years. The data was analyzed using MS excel Data Analysis Pak and Two-Sample t-test forUnequal Variances was done for facial indices of male and females to check for sexual dimorphism.Conclusion: The predominant facial type in Maharashtrian male is Mesoprosopic (37.86%) followedby Euryprosopic (29.22%) and that of female is Mesoprosopic (33.21%) and Euryprosopic (32.06%).This is similar to the results of studies on Indian males and females except Gujarati males who haveHypereuryprosopic face and Rajput males havingHyperleptoprosopic (long )face.A statistically significantdifference (p< 0.05). was obtained between facial indices of Maharashtrian males and females, which is akey to sexual dimorphism]]>
<![CDATA[Awareness of Forensic Dentistry among Dental Practitioners ]]>
<![CDATA[Smita Dutta]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11539
<![CDATA[Background- Dental identification has proved its importance in identifying deceased individuals, andrecently it has evolved as a new ray of hope in assisting forensic medicine, but its importance and role inforensic medicine is still in a state of infancy in India. Very less institutions offers formal training in forensicodontology, with the lack of job opportunities for qualified forensic odontologists who have obtained degreesabroad.Materials and Methods-A cross?sectional study was conducted among 70 dental practitioners of Jaipur,Rajasthan. Data were collected with the help of a questionnaire (Based on Attitude, Knowledge and Practicecriteria.) Questionnaire used in study. Informed consents were obtained.Results-A total 70 dental practitioners responded to the questionnaire out of these 20% not maintain dentalrecords in their clinic, 77% maintained dental records, 3% participants did not answer the question.Conclusion- For an efficient forensic investigation, we need a dental team, comprising personnel from allbranches of dentistry, working in close association with experts from other branches of forensic science. Thegovernment has a social obligation to recover, identify and hand over the remains of a deceased person to therelatives and every effort must be made to achieve this.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Ergonomic Training Program on Knowledge, Self-efficacy and Practice on Prevention of Work Related low Back Pain among Staff Nurses ]]>
<![CDATA[Sosunika Hijam1 , Uma Deaver2 , Kanika3 , Jyoti Sarin4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11540
<![CDATA[Background: Low back pain is a major occupational problem among health care workers. Body mechanicsand Ergonomic programs can prevent low back pain amongs them. The aim of the study was to assess andcompare knowledge, self-efficacy and practice on prevention of work related low back pain among staffnurses before and after administration of Ergonomic Training Program in experimental and comparisongroup.Methods: A Quasi Experimental Non Equivalent Control Group Pre-test and Post-test Design was used.Eighty staff nurses from MMIMS&R Hospital, Mullana were selected by convenience sampling technique.Ergonomic Training Program was administered in experimental group for two days. Standardised Nordicquestionnaire for low back pain, Pain assessment scale, structured knowledge questionnaire, structured selfefficacy scale and structured observational checklist were used to collect data.Results: The study showed that there was a significant difference in the mean post-test knowledge (p=0.001)and practice (p=0.001) scores of staff nurses in experimental and comparison group. There was a significantdifference between the mean pre-test and post-test knowledge (p=0.001), self-efficacy (p=0.047) and practicescores (p=0.0001) in experimental group.Conclusion: Ergonomic Training Program was effective in improving the knowledge, self-efficacy andpractice on prevention of work related low back pain among staff nurses.]]>
