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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
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Core Subject : Health,
Articles 5,497 Documents
Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry - A Review G L Gokul1 , Balaji Ganesh S2 , K. R. Don3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12471

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a breakthrough in the field of technology which is rapidly progressing andhas captivated the minds of researchers across the globe. Ever since its discovery, dentistry has witnessedsome of the exceptional achievements. Hence, this technology as the future of dentistry is abutting theimplementation of its application. While, in no ways, AI can replace the role of the dentist, it is of primeimportance to be aware of the possibilities to integrate this technology in the future of a gratifying andsuccessful practice. The aim of this review is to analyse the role and applications of artificial intelligencein dentistry. The field of artificial intelligence has transformed medicine and dentistry in several ways. AIcan only assist the clinician in performing the tasks efficiently, but in no way, the intellect of the humanknowledge skill and treatment planning
Awareness about Face Bow and its Types among Dental Professionals- A Questionnaire Based Survey Venkatesh Kommi1 , Reethega L2 , Keerthi Sasanka.L3 , Venkatesh Kommi4 , Geetha.R.V5 , Dhanraj Ganap
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12472

Abstract

A face bow is a caliper like instrument used to record spatial relation from maxillary arch to the anatomicalpoints and transfer the jaw relation to an articulator. It orients the dental cast in the same relationship tothe opening axis of the articulator. There are mainly two types of face bows - Kinematic and Arbitraryface bows. Arbitrary face bows inturn have many subtypes based on anterior and posterior reference pointindicators and the mechanism of inter condylar distance equilibrium.The questionnaire containing questionsabout face bows and its types was circulated to about 100 participants through google docs - online survey.The study was approved ethically by IERB.The responses generated from the survey were converted intopie charts and recorded. The answers obtained are discussed by comparing with the previous articles.Thesurvey study shows how much Dental professionals know about face bows and its types and implementingthem in their practice.
Prevalence and Assessment of Periapical Lesions in Subjects Reporting to a Private Teaching Hospital, Chennai,India : A Retrospective Study Chris Noel Timothy1, Pratibha Ramani
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12473

Abstract

Apical or periapical lesions are inflammatory processes which are generally caused by microorganisms ortheir by-products and manifest due to defense response of the host to the stimulus in the root canal system.The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of periapical lesions among the south indian population.This was a descriptive study, where the data of the patients who reported to the dental clinics in saveethadental college, SIMATS, Chennai, India, was obtained from the department of conservative dentistryand endodontics. Data was further analyzed, recorded in microsoft excel software and was subjected tostatistical analysis. n = 15 for periapical lesions. From the data analysed through SPSS, it is observed thatthe prevalence of periapical lesions among non - vital teeth among the outpatients in the department oforal pathology is 1.1%. The age group of 60 - 70 years was the most commonly observed (60%). Malepredilection was noted (67%). Radiographic examination was performed for 40% and histopathologicalexamination was performed for 6.7% of the teeth with periapical lesions. 100% of the teeth observed inthe current study were non - vital. Periapical abscess was the most common finding (53.3%). Occurringmostly in anterior maxillary, anterior mandibular and posterior mandibular regions (26.7%) each. The mostcommonly observed treatment modality was extraction (73.7%). Within the limitations of the current study ,there exists increased prevalence of periapical pathology above 60 years, predominantly in the age group of60 - 70 years, primarily reported in the undergraduate clinics. Routine dental checkup with both radiographicand histopathological examination of the periapical lesions is essential for the survival of the tooth and isbeneficial for the community.
Assessment and Study of Types of Finish Lines in Tooth Preparation - An Observational Study Vigneshwaran Ravichandran1 , Manjari Chaudhary2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12474

Abstract

The fixed and removable prosthodontics aims at the maintenance and preservation of the tooth structure .Restoration of teeth is possible only if sufficient space is created for the application of thickness of materialrequired . The types of finish lines given for all ceramic , metal ceramic and all metallic tooth preparationsare Chamfer , Shoulder finish line, etc , The aim of this observational study is to assess the different types offinish lines given in the tooth preparation . The study is focused to assess the different types of finish linesin tooth preparation and to assess the most preferred type of finish line as the tooth margin . Around 1000different tooth preparations were observed to assess the types of finish lines . The data was obtained from86,000 archived patient records . All the collected data were reviewed and statistically analysed . In thepresent study , most of the patients were 31 to 45 yrs old (42 %) . Among the patients , 56% were Male .Majority of the tooth preparations were done in Sextant 2 (35%) . The most preferred type of finish line wasthe Shoulder finish line (77 %).The study has observed that the shoulder finish line was the most preferredtype of finish line .
Trends in Prosthodontics - A Review Pratheebha C1 , Keerthi Sasanka2 , Gifrina Jayaraj3 , Visalakshi Ramanadhan4 , Dhanraj Ganapathy5
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12475

Abstract

Prosthodontics is concerned with the impact of tooth or tissue damage and partial or complete loss of teethon oral function in its broadest sense. It deals with this largely through prosthetic replacement. The disciplineoccupies a major portion of a dental school curriculum, and dental practitioners usually devote much of theirpractice to prosthodontic services. It is continuously evolving consequent to the rapid advancements in dentalbiomaterials science, clinical and laboratory techniques and technologies, education, research, therapeutics,literature, and interdisciplinary developments. While the basic process of making dentures has changed littleover the past several decades, new materials and techniques can help laboratories and clinicians providefunctional, esthetic restorations that offer exceptional value to patients. Implant treatment is a tremendousadjunct to removable prosthodontics in the treatment of edentulous patients, but it is not within the financialreach of all dental patients.In future, prosthodontics has a very good scope and it is going to be beneficial forthe patients who are edentulous.Technology developments are very much needed in future for its very wellestablishments .This review is aimed to discover some fascinating facts about the trends that are prevailingin prosthodontics and its future scope.
Review on Caries Preventive Effect of Fluoride Toothpaste Aldrin Joshua A1 , Keerthi Sasanka L2 , Gifrina Jayaraj3 , Dhanraj Ganapathy4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12476

Abstract

Dental caries is defined as localized destruction of tooth tissue, mainly due to bacterial action causingdemineralized foci on peripheral surfaces. Normally, children have the habit of brushing their teeth once aday using fluoridated toothpaste. Due to this,there is less decay of tooth in them, as fluoride being a mineralprevents tooth decay. There is a relationship between fluoride toothpaste and dental caries, if a toothpastehaving 1000ppm of fluoride content, is associated with less decay of tooth, so the fluoride has cariespreventive effect. The aim of the review is to find out the role of fluoride in caries preventive effect, to knowfluoride toothpastes correct concentration to avoid fluorosis and other fluoride related ailments and finallyto understand the advantages of fluoride toothpaste as preventive effect of dental caries. This research wasconceived as scoping literature review. This review has accessed existing reviews and researches in the lastdecade mostly, through PMC database, MeSH, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Medline, CrossRef and the searchterms included were ‘dental caries’, ’fluoride toothpaste’, ’caries preventive effect’, ’fluoride’. Consideredresearch was limited to manuscripts related to English, dental caries, fluoride toothpaste (as caries preventiveeffect) and this review did not include or consider other oral problems, other preventive methods of dentalcaries, natural components that prevent caries attack. The description of included studies for the review istabulated. The role of fluoride in dental caries, its correct concentration in fluoride toothpaste is known andthe preventive effect of fluoride toothpaste on dental caries is well understood through this review. Withthese general guidelines, there is more possibility of preventing dental caries and excessive fluoride will notlead to fluorosis due to awareness of correct concentration of fluoride in fluoride toothpaste.
Orthodontics and Smile Correction in Teenagers-A Survey Shifa Jawahar Ali1 , L. Keerthi Sasanka2 , Visalakshi Ramanadhan3 , Dhanraj Ganapathy4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12477

Abstract

Orthodontics is a branch of dentistry that deals with diagnosis, prevention and correction of malpositionedteeth and jaws. Correction of malpositioned teeth is done by moving teeth and adjusting the underlyingbone with the help of certain devices. Ideal age for undergoing orthodontic treatment is between 8 to 14years. Orthodontics treatment is required for malocclusion of teeth to establish proper bite and to improveaesthetics. Malocclusion affects the individual self satisfaction, self confidence and causes emotional andmental disturbances. The aim of the study is to evaluate the awareness on orthodontics and smile correctionin teenagers. A cross sectional survey was conducted among teenagers to evaluate the awareness aboutorthodontics and smile correction in teenagers.. The study population in the study are the teenagers with asample size of 100. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions and was shared to teenagers using onlinesurvey platform. 80% of the participants were aware about orthodontics and 20% were not aware. 41% ofthe respondents have worn braces before and 59% have not. 27% of the participants felt that their teethalignment is perfect, 29% did not feel that way and 34% said almost perfect. 75%of the participants feel thatorthodontic treatment is necessary for malocclusion of teeth, 7%did not feel as necessary and 18% maybefelt as necessary. From the results obtained, we can include that the moderate level of awareness is seen inteenagers about orthodontic treatment. More awareness is required as treatments are more effective whendone at an early age.
Awareness of Oral Hygiene among Dental Students-A Survey Pravalika1 , Keerthi Sasanka2 , Gifrina Jayaraj3 , Dhanraj Ganapathy4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12478

Abstract

Attitudes of dental students toward their own oral health affect their oral health habits and also have apossible influence on the improvement of the oral health of their patients and society.The aim of this surveyis to create awareness among dental students on oral hygiene.A survey with 17 questions was prepared andsent via google forms to 100 dental students.The responses were collected and analysed.Most of the dentistsare aware that oral health determines the overall health of an individual.Many among the population usemouthwash,rinsing with water etc to avoid bad odour. Aspects of a dental student’s oral health attitude andbehavior improved but this improvement was limited.Thus, the students should be motivated to become anexample of oral health for the society, for which few steps to motivate them toward better oral health areproposed.This approach would also be helpful in disseminating positive oral health concepts to the generalpublic.
Awareness on Alzheimer’s Diseases among College Students Lekha.D1 , Vishnu Priya V2 , Hannah.R3 , Gayathri R4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12479

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is the common form of dementia and possibly contributes about 60-70%. of Cases .Thereis no cure for Alzheimer’s disease and drug therapy for disease is still in its infancy. Approved medication forthe treatment of probable Alzheimer disease helps control the Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease . This studyinvolves college students in the age of 17 to 20 years. A well Structured questionnaire comprising questionscovering socio-demographic information , knowledge, altitude, perception was framed and adminstrested tothese participants through an Online survey. The results were collected and were represented in pie charts.The association between groups was assessed by Chi Square test where p < 0.05 was considered statisticallysignificant. More awareness may be created on the risk factor and complications of Alzheimer’s diseasesamong the younger generation.
Knowledge on Emergency Management of Avulsed Tooth among Dental Students P. S. Thana Lakshme1 , K. R. Don2 , V. Vishnu Priya3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12480

Abstract

Tooth avulsion is the most common dental trauma.The prevailing society considers the undergraduatepreclinical students as dentists and so it becomes essential to possess knowledge and to be aware of the first aidand emergency management of dental trauma. The aim of the study is to assess and compare the knowledgeof emergency management of tooth avulsion among dental students of different years. A descriptive crosssectional study with 160 students as sample size was conducted. The participants were grouped into threeas Group A (Preclinical BDS students), Group B (Clinical BDS students) and Group C (Interns). A selfstructured questionnaire was distributed among the population and the data were collected and analysed withSPSS software. Comparison between the groups was done by Chi square test with the significance p<0.05.The results were mostly statistically significant. The preclinical students showed active participation andhad quite knowledge (63.7%) on emergency management of tooth avulsion. Knowledge and awareness onemergency management of tooth avulsion was average among preclinical students, whereas good in clinicalstudents and better among interns.