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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Analysis of Caesarean Section Rate in a Hospital of Central India: According to Robson’s 10-Group Classification Amruta Choudhary (Ladke)1 , Kshipra Bhangadia2 , Deepti Shrivastav3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12596

Abstract

Introduction: Caesarean section is most common surgery performed worldwide, but increasing rate ofcaesarean birth has become an international concern of public health. According to WHO (World HealthOrganisation), rate of caesarean section should not be more than 15%.Aims and Objective: The main aim of this study was to classify the caesarean section according to Robsons’sciteria and to identify the rising causes of caesarean section in our scenario.Material and Method: This was a cross sectional observational study and data was collected over a periodof six months from every single patient, who underwent caesarean section in our hospital.Results: During the study period, total number of deliveries in this hospital was 519, out of which there were300 caesarean section, thus, we have 57.80% rate of caesarean section. Maximum rate of caesarean sectionwas in group 5 i.e. Multiparous with prior caesarean section, singleton, cephalic, ?37 weeks followed bygroup 2 i.e. Nulliparous, singleton, cephalic, ?37 weeks, induced labour or caesarean section before labour.Conclusions: This attempt of classifying the caesarean section by Robson’s criteria helped to audit andidentify the problem and to think about modifying the hospital protocols for reduction of rate of caesareansection.
To Study the Prevalence of Areca Nut Induced Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Patients Visiting Dental OPD of Shalinitai Meghe Hospital and Research Center Nagpur: A Demographic Study Saroj Kuthe1, Swati Maldhure2 , Gargi Nimbulkar3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12597

Abstract

Background: Oral submucosal fibrosis (OSMF) is now recognized internationally as an Indian disorder.This has one of the highest percentages of malignant transition between oral lesion and condition potentiallymalignant, Consequently, it is a source of concern for oral medical practitioners. The goal of the presentstudy is to assess the frequency of OSMF among betel nut chewers in various group of age.Research Methodology: Collectively 80 OSMF sufferers in dentist OPD of Shalinitai Meghe Hospitaland research center, Nagpur over a period of 4 months (1 December 2019 to 21 March 2020) Chosenfor the analysis. A comprehensive history of the case and a clinical test was carried out under displayedillumination. OSMF diagnosis was based on mouth opening troubles and blanched oral mucosa, markedwith noticeable fibrous bands. Many diagnostic features included sensation of pain, salivation, protrusion ofthe tongue, behaviors and related malignant changes. The study was conducted based on age group, periodof the habit, habit frequency and habit form. Simple correlation analysis was performed.Results: of OSF’s 80 cases searched, 37 (46.25%) cases were in stage II, 27 (33.75%) were stage III, 9(11.25 %) stage I, and 7 (8.75 %) stage IV. Based upon age group, group III (30--40 years) Had been moreprominent than the others. Areca nut (gutkha) was an important etiologic agent (55.8%) as compared withother etiological agent.Conclusion: The high incidence of OSMF in the general population requires a substantial understandingand treatment of these lesions. Primary health care practitioners and dentists should be informed and familiarwith these lesions, including etiology and pathogenesis, clinical appearance, treatment and management.
Usefulness of Aarogya Setu App to Fight with Covid19 Madhavi Narayane1 , Ninad Nagrale2 , Swapnil Patond3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12598

Abstract

Like most other countries in the world, India has been battling the Covid-19 pandemic for the past fewmonths. To limit the spread of this virus, Prime Minister Narendra Modi called for a complete nationwidelockdown from March 25th and April 14th. However, due to the rising number of cases, this lockdownwas extended until the first week of June and we have now moved towards Unlocking. While addressingthe nation to inform billions of Indians about this extension, the Prime Minister also asked every citizento download and use a mobile-based application, named Arogya Setu app. Social distancing has becomethe new norm for most Indians today, amidst this pandemic. At such a time, people need to stay updatedregarding containment zones, virus hotspots and more related information. This Arogya Setu app is agovernment initiative to ensure the utmost safety for its citizens from this deadly virus. In essence, thisapplication connects Indian health services to its people at this unpredictable time. Through contact tracing,the app can notify a user of any hotspot or ‘high-risk’ areas near his or her residence. It can assist a personto adopt adequate measures to avoid infection.
The Study of Profile of Autopsy Cases of Hanging with Respect to Educational Status, Family Status and Place of Hanging of Victims in a Rural Region of Central India Sharjeel Khan1 , Shadma Quazi2 , B.R. Singh3 , B.H. Tirpude4 , Prakash Mohite5
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12599

Abstract

The increase crime rates with stress in the day to day life is responsible for vide range of medico legalautopsies in the society. The violent asphyxial deaths are responsible for the large number of medicolegalautopsies out of which hanging is a very common in society. Hanging is the cheapest and painless formof self-destruction. It has been employed as the method of suicide since time immortal. The study underconsideration is a cross sectional study which was carried on the dead bodies of either sex. The deceasedwere brought for medico legal autopsy with the history probably revealing the cause of death due to hangingin the autopsy room at a medical college in Central India from 1st August 2011 to 31st July 2017. Thenumber of hanging cases during the study period were 101,the majority of victims 66 (65.34%) belong to thenuclear family while the 31 (30.69%) cases belong to the joint family. The family status of 4 (3.96%) casescannot be ascertained as the bodies were unidentified. The majority of victims 70 (69.30%) cases, preferredindoor place for hanging while about 31 (30.69%) cases preferred outdoor place for hanging. Consideringtheir educational status about 24.75% cases had educated upto primary school, 10.89% had upto secondaryschool, 24.75% upto higher secondary, 22.77% upto graduate or more and 11.88% were uneducated. Also in4.95% cases, the educational status was unknown.
Morphometry of Scapular Acromion Process Pattern in Vidarbha Region Ujwal Gajbe1 , Brij Raj Singh2 , Nandkishor Bankar3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12600

Abstract

Introduction: The shoulder joint is the most important joint although most commonly dislocated jointin human body. The most common problem of shoulder joint replacements is the osteoarthritis, posttraumatic arthritis, rotator cuff tear arthropathy, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis) andcomminuted fractures of the shoulder joint. The aim of the current study was to acquire morphometric datafor the acromion process variations in shape and various dimensions of the acromion process of the scapula.Material and Method: Total 152 subjects’ scapula according to their side which was equally divided into76 right and 76 left. The morphometric analysis of the acromion process of scapulae was recorded accordingas per Bigliani-Morrison et al. classification and dimensions were measured by using vernier callipers.Observation and Results: It is observed that the mean length of acromion on either side does not differsignificantly, while the mean width of acromion and its mean thickness if found to differ statisticallysignificantly on both sides. The acromio-coracoid distance shows no significant difference on either side.Discussion: There are many studies i.e. by the Singroha R et al (north India), Gosavi et al (Maharashtra),Singh et al (Rajasthan), Mansur et al (Nepalese), Paraskevas et al (Greek) revealed that the mean of thescapular length, width, thickness and coraco-acromial distance in centimeter found almost the same incorrespondingly with our study.Conclusion: To conclude acromion process knowledge are useful for orthopaedic surgeon during surgery ofshoulder joint with associated pathology of the rotator cuff.
Physico-Chemical Analysis of Pure and Impure Bhallataka Anuja Nagrare1 , Sonali Wairagade2 , Tanvi Wairagade3 , Praful Patil4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12601

Abstract

Bhallataka, geeru beeja and marking nut is common Semecarpus anacardium. Washer men used this herbto mark clothes before washing. This versatile herb is used in ayurvedic system to cure various diseasesby pacifying kapha dosha in human body. Bhallataka is mentioned under Upavisha group in Ayurvedicclassics. All the parts are poisonous mostly seeds are hazardous to human due to its irritant property. Byshodhan sanskara, Bhallataka has most beneficial effects. Fruit of Bhallataka is used either as a single drugor as an ingredient in many compound formulations of Indian systems of medicine to cure many diseases.Bhallataka grows throughout India in hot weather. Bhallataka used by externally and internally in both ways.Ashuddha (impure) Bhallataka containes oil in it which is removed after Shodhana process. It is observedthat Shodhana (purification procedures) of the fruits should be carried out before its internal administration.There are different Shodhana methods mentioned in Ayurveda. This research paper deals with impact ofShodhana on Ashuddha (impure) Bhallataka and to compare the physico analytical parameters of Ashuddha(Impure) Bhallataka and Shuddha (Pure) Bhallataka.
Management of Lumber Canal Stenosis through Panchakarma: Case Study Swati Tikale1 , Krutika Umate2 , Madhulika Tiwari3 , C. Mahakalkar4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12602

Abstract

Lumbar canal stenosis is a narrowing of spinal canal and compressing the nerves travelling through thelower back into the legs. The symptoms includes pain, weakness and tingling sensation or numbness of legswhich radiate down to the feet along with psuedoclaudication, typically worsens with standing or walkingand improves with sitting and is often related to posture and lumbar extension. It will hamper daily activityof patient along with quality of life. In modern science there is no appropriate treatment except surgicalintervention which is having complication and also the chances of recurrence. Ayurveda can provide asuitable answer through appropriate Panchakarma modalities useful in Lumber Canal Stenosis. Accordingto Ayurveda it can be related to Katigata Vata but it is not a separate disease entity. In Ayurvedic literatureit is explained as one of the Vatavyadhi. The present case study will analyse effectiveness of Panchkarma inLumber Canal Stenosis.
Role of Oestrogen and Testosterone in Male Infertility Archana Dhok1 , Ranjit Sidram Ambad2 , Sanjay Deshpande3 , Ninad Nagrale4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12603

Abstract

Introduction: About 15% of couples are infertile. This suggests they can’t think about a child, in spite of theway that they’ve had visit, unprotected sex for a year or more. In over 33% of these couples, male barrennessaccept a role. Male infertility is a direct result of low sperm creation, unusual sperm limit or blockages thatforestall the movement of sperm. Afflictions, wounds, interminable clinical issues, lifestyle choices andvarious parts can expect a job in causing male barrenness. Testosterone and Estrogen have been viewed asmale and female sex hormones, separately. However, estradiol, the dominating type of Estrogen, likewiseassumes a critical role in male sexual capacity. Estradiol in men is fundamental for modulating libido,erectile capacity, and spermatogenesis.Aim: Role of Eestrogen and Teststerone in Male Infertility.Material and Method: The present study includes total 60 subjects that include 30 infertile male and 30fertile male. Blood samples collected from the subjects were obtained for serum estrogen and testosteroneestimation, from OPD, general medicine and OBGY wards.Result: As we found the level of oestrogen in infertile male was 19±1.2 as compared to fertile male37.1±2.7pg/ml that is statistically highly significant. The degree of testosterone in infertile male was4.94±0.98 while in fertile male it was 5.01±1.31 and it is statistically non-significant.Conclusion: concentrations of serum estradiol in infertile patients are reduced significantly. It remains tobe explained why estradiol decreased. Based on our results, however, there is little benefit to be gainedfrom routine estradiol measurement as part of investigating men who complain about infertility. Lowtestosterone does not cause stomach discomfort. In fact, sperm production is stimulated by hormones otherthan testosterone.
Glomus Tumour: Uncommon Entity But Commonly Remain Undiagnosed Pankaj D. Mulchandani1 , Sudhir Singh2 , Sourabh Hadke3, Neha Bhatt4 , Gaurav Mahajan5 , Mihika Sury
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12604

Abstract

Glomus tumor is a benign and vascular hamartoma that originates from the neuromyoarterial cells of thenormal glomus apparatus in the reticular dermis. It accounts for 1–5% of soft tissue tumors of the hand. Thistumor typically presents with cold hypersensitivity, pain, tenderness, and sometimes nails deformities ornail discoloration. Although the precise cause of glomus tumors is unknown. We report an atypical case of apatient with painless glomus tumor.
Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Tertiary Care Hospital Dhruba Hari Chandi1 , Praful Patil1 , Nandkishor Bankar2 , Smita Damke3 , Karan Jain4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12605

Abstract

Introduction: In ICU the spread of drug resistance has been realized that is related to widespread of antibioticsuses. In ICU the rate of antimicrobial resistance is higher than in general hospital setting. The emergence ofMDR bacteria is an increasing problematic cause of health care associated infections in ICUs, not only dueto increased morbidity and mortality, but also due to increased treatment costs as result of frequent empiricalfailure and lengthy hospital stay. Aim: The main purpose of this study was to know prevalence of the drugresistance pattern for the patients admitted in ICUs. Material and Method: The study was conducted in theDepartment of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra during December 2019 to May 2020.In this study patients admitted in ICUs of the hospital who were clinically suspected of having any infectionwere included. Depending on the clinical suspicion from the patients samples were collected. Sampleswere subjected to testing for identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Result: E.coli was the mostcommon organism isolated and shows highly resistance to Amoxcillin+Clavulanic acid, Ciprofloxacin.ESBL producer were 20.17% out of all isolate and 29.07% out of total Gram negative organism. Amongall Gram positive organism 13(61.90%) were Staphylococcus aureus in which 8(61.54%) were MRSA.Enterococcus showed 100% resistance to Erythromycin and Penicillin whereas Staphylococcus aureusshowed 84.62% and 69.23% resistance to Penicillin and Erythromycin respectively. Conclusion: This studyconcludes general overview of the incidence and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from ICU.Gram Negative Organisms are causing more infection than Gram Positive Organisms in ICU patients.Hence gram negative organisms are more resistance to higher antibiotics. So antibiotics are used carefully.Therefore antibiotics policies should be formed for ICU and other critical care facilities.

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