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Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 02163160 EISSN : 22523901 DOI : 10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert

Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

The development of science and technology in agriculture, has been instrumental in increasing the production of various agricultural commodities. But climate change is also uncertain world led to decreased agricultural productivity. World energy crisis resulted in higher prices of agricultural commodities due to competition between food and energy are higher. Efforts to utilize biomass (agricultural products) has started a lot of research, not only as raw material for bioenergy, but also in an attempt to exploit agro-products into valuable economic products, and realize clean production in agro-industry.

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Articles 646 Documents

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PROCESS OPTIMIZATION FOR PRODUCTION OF ALKYL POLYGLYCOSIDES NONIONIC SURFACTANT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY Adisalamun, Djumali Mangunwidjaja, ani suryani, Titi candra Sunarti dan Yandra Arkeman
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTDevelopment of the surfactant is strongly influenced by using material to produce alkyl polyglycosides (APG) surfactant, such as starch or glucose and dodecanol. The objectives of this study were to obtain optimization of process conditions for the APG production from glucose and dodecanol using the response surface methodology and to characterize the APG. The independent variables used were glucose-dodecanol mol ratio of 1:3 to 1:6 and acetalization temperature of 100-120oC. The optimum process conditions for the synthesis of APG from glucose was obtained at mole ratio of glucose to dodecanol of 1:4.7 and temperature of 111.4°C with the APG emulsion stability of y 75%. The optimum process conditions were verified to strengthen the model equations obtained using response surface method. The results of verification were tested surface tension, interfacial tension, HLB, and confirmation of its structure. Surface tension and interfacial tension decreased indicated by the increasing concentration of surfactant. HLB obtained was the O/W emulsifier and as a solubilizing agent.Keywords: alkyl polyglycosides(APG), dodecanol, emulsion stability

THE SYNCHRONIZATION OF SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE ASSURANCE IN CANE AGROINDUSTRY Iphov K. Sriwana dan Taufik Djatna
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTWe propose an approach to minimizethe yieldreduction of sugarcane in an agro-industry supply chain withthe synchronization between the availability of cane in the field with the amount of raw cane in the sugar plant requirement. Normally, the yield of sugarcane will instantly decreaseas the cane that has been cut down is not further processed immediately.Sugarcane harvest schedules at PG Subang based on the maturity level of sugarcane were measured by using T-Score. The results obtained from the T-Score for 5 days were Pasung 1, Awilarangan plot 8, Sumur pompa plot 15, Kosedan plots 6 and 10, Cireundeu plots no. 5, Citamiang plots no. 1, Kalijati plots no. 18, Wanasari western plots no. 15, and in North Cigarukgak plots no. 37. Each plot was filled in accordance with a predetermined quota. Acceleration of delivery of cane to the mill was carried out by providing a collection of 5 polls availability, so that each collector could be immediately sent to the plant and based on this study, it was known that the waiting time in Queue was about 2 minutes, so that the cane could be immediately sent to the factory and synchronization could be achieved as an excellent integration between the polls and plant distribution.Keywords: synchronization, supply chain, cane sugar, simulation

APPLICATION OF MODIFIED ZEOLITES FOR BIOETHANOL DEHYDRATION Khaidir, Dwi Setyaningsih dan Hery Haerudin
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTBioethanol dehydration was carried out using five modified natural zeolites (ZAM). This study aimed to get the best conditions of bioethanol dehydration and to determine the increasing of bioethanol grades for each modified zeolite. Bioethanol dehydration process was carried out using a batch adsorption. The content of ethanol in bioethanol increased after adsorption process for each zeolite. The increased percentages of bioethanol grades in the immersion method using ZAM1 and ZAM4 with bioethanol of 90% (v/v) were 1.22% and 1.38%, while with bioethanol of 95% the percentage were 1.27% and 1.08%, respectively. Meanwhile the resulted grades of bioethanol using purely natural zeolites with bioethanol of 90% and 95% were 0.62% and 0.72% respectively. In general, the grade of ethanol increased after the adsorption process that uses all modified zeolites samples.Keywords: bioethanol, modified zeolites, bioethanol dehydration

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PEDOMAN BAGI PENULISJurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Ketentuan Umum 1. Penulis harus menjamin bahwa naskah yang dikirimkan adalah asli dan tidak pernah dipublikasikan di jurnal lainnya, yang dinyatakan dengan surat pernyataan seperti terlampir.2. Naskah yang akan dipublikasikan pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian dapat berupa hasil penelitian, analisis kebijakan, komunikasi singkat, opini, gagasan dan review. 3. Naskah dapat ditulis dalam Bahasa Indonesia atau Bahasa Inggris menggunakan format yang sesuai dengan kaidah bahasa yang digunakan. Editor tidak menerima naskah yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan yang diminta. 4. Penentuan layak tidaknya naskah yang akan dipublikasikan ditentukan oleh Dewan Editor Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian atas masukan mitra bestari yang kompeten.5. Naskah dikirimkan ke editor sebanyak tiga eksemplar dalam bentuk naskah asli dan softcopy dalam CD atau dapat dikirim via email. Naskah ditulis dalam Microsoft Word, Gambar/grafik dalam Microsoft Excel dan tuliskan nama pengarang sebagai nama file. Naskah dapat dikirimkan dengan softcopynya kepada : Editor Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian (TIN), Fateta IPB, Kampus IPB Darmaga PO Box 220 Bogor 16002, Telpon/Fax : 0251-8625088; 0251-8621974; dengan alamat e-mail: jurnal_tip@yahoo.co.id.atau jurnal_tip@ipb.ac.id 6. Hak Cipta tulisan yang dimuat ada pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian. Penulis yang naskahnya dimuat diharuskan membayar kontribusi biaya penerbitan sebesar Rp 50.000,- per halaman. Biaya tambahan untuk pencetakan halaman berwarna menjadi tanggung jawab penulis. Standar Penulisan 1. Naskah diketik dengan jarak 2 (dua) spasi kecuali Judul, Abstrak, Judul Gambar dan Judul Tabel diketik 1 spasi. Naskah diketik di atas kertas A4 dengan jumlah kata antara 4000 sampai 7000 kata termasuk gambar dan tabel yang diketik pada file terpisah dari teks.2. Naskah diketik menggunakan program Microsoft Word, kecuali Tabel dan Grafik menggunakan Microsoft Excel, dan Gambar menggunakan JPEG atau TIFF. Huruf standar yang digunakan untuk penulisan adalah Times New Roman 12. 3. Naskah disusun dengan urutan : judul, nama penulis, alamat lengkap instansi setiap penulis, abstrak, pendahuluan, bahan dan metode, hasil dan pembahasan, kesimpulan, ucapan terima kasih (kalau ada) dan daftar pustaka.4. Tata nama latin binomial atau trinomial (italik) digunakan untuk tanaman, hewan, serangga dan penyakit. Nama lengkap kimia digunakan untuk senyawaan pada penyebutan pertama kali.5. Satuan pengukuran dipakai Sistem Internasional (SI).6. Penulisan angka desimal untuk Bahasa Indonesia dengan koma (,) dan untuk Bahasa Inggris dengan titik (.). Tata Cara Penulisan Naskah Judul. Judul harus singkat, spesifik dan informatif yang mencerminkan secara tepat isi naskah, dengan jumlah kata maksimal 15 kata ditulis dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris. Judul diikuti dengan nama pengarang, institusi dan alamat, serta catatan kaki yang merujuk penulis yang bertanggungjawab untuk surat menyurat (corresponding author), lengkap dengan alamat surat, nomor telpon & faksimili serta alamat e-mail.Abstrak. Abstrak ditulis dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia. Abstrak tidak boleh lebih dari 250 kata dalam satu paragraf. Abstrak berisi intisari dari keseluruhan naskah. Hindari penggunaan singkatan kecuali yang telah umum digunakan. Kata kunci (keywords) ditulis dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia, terdiri atas tiga hingga lima kata, dan disusun berdasarkan kepentingan dan disajikan pada bagian akhir abstrak. Pendahuluan. Pada bagian ini disajikan latar belakang yang didukung dengan intisari pustaka, tujuan dan apabila diperlukan ruang lingkup penelitian sehingga pembaca dapat mengevaluasi hasil kajian tanpa harus membaca publikasi sebelumnya. Pustaka yang digunakan harus yang benar-benar relevan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan. Tinjauan pustaka sebaiknya diintegrasikan pada bagian pendahulan, metodologi dan pembahasanBahan dan Metode. Bagian ini berisi informasi teknis dan rinci sehingga percobaan dapat diulang dengan baik oleh peneliti lainnya. Jika digunakan peralatan/instrumen khusus maka perlu diberikan spesifikasi alat dan kondisi operasi.Hasil dan Pembahasan. Bagian ini menyajikan hasil penelitian, baik dalam bentuk bahan teks, tabel, dan gambar. Penggunaan foto sangat dibatasi pada hasil yang jelas. Setiap gambar dan tabel diberi nomor secara berurut dan harus diacu pada naskah. Gambar 1 dan Tabel 1 adalah contoh penulisan judul gambar dan tabel. Gambar 1. Hubungan antara pembentukan gas hold-up terhadap variasi laju alir gas dan nira (15 – 25 l/min) pada diameter nosel 5 mmTabel 1. Komposisi media transmisiKomposisi Jumlah (g/l)KH2PO4 3MgSO4.7H2O 0,5(NH4)2SO4 0,3CaCl2 0,25FeCl3.6H2O 0,02Kesimpulan dan SaranKesimpulan ditulis secara ringkas tetapi menggambarkan substansi hasil penelitian yang diperoleh. Saran diberikan secara jelas untuk dapat ditindaklanjuti oleh pihak yang relevan.Ucapan Terima Kasih. Bagian ini dapat digunakan untuk mengapresiasi penyandang dana serta institusi dan personal yang membantu selama penelitian dan penyusunan naskah publikasi.Daftar Pustaka disusun berdasarkan urutan abjad menggunakan author-date system. Pustaka yang digunakan merupakan pustaka mutakhir (10 tahun terakhir) dengan proporsi pustaka jurnal lebih dari 50%, dan pustaka primer yang relevan. Tidak diperkenankan menggunakan pustaka kutipan sebagai acuan pustaka.Jurnal Sunarti TC, Nunome T, Yoshio N, Hisamatsu M. 2001. Study on outer chains from amylopectin between immobilized and free debranching enzymes. J Appl Glycosc 48 (1): 1-10.BukuBaker RW. 2004. Membrane Technology and Application. 2nd ed. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Chapter dalam BukuWhite PJ, Tziotis A. 2004. New corn starch. Di dalam Eliasson AC (ed.), Starch in Food: Structure, function and application. Cambridge: CRC Press. p295-320.Prosiding Sunarti TC dan Yuliasih I. 2006. Fractionation of Sago Starch Using Hot Water Solubiliza-tion Method. Di dalam Proceedings of Malaysian Chemistry Conference 2006 – International Conference on Green Chemistry. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. 19 – 21 September 2006.Thesis/DissertasiYuliasih I. 2007. Fraksinasi dan asetilasi pati sagu serta aplikasinya sebagai campuran plastik sintetik. [Disertasi]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.Jurnal ElektronikRomo DMR, Grosso MV, Solano NCM, Castano DM. 2007. A most effective method for selecting a broad range of short and medium chain-length polyhidroxyalcanoate producing microorganisms. Electron J Biotechnol 10:e349-57, doi 10.2225. SURAT PERNYATAANKepada Yth.Redaksi Jurnal Teknologi Industri PertanianDi TempatBersama ini kami kirimkan naskahJudul : .....................................Penulis : 1. ............ 2. ............ dst.Instansi : 1. ............. 2. ............. dst.Untuk dapat diterbikan pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian. Kami menyatakan bahwa naskah tersebut belum pernah diterbitkan, dan selama naskah ini masih dalam proses penelaahan dan penyuntingan tidak akan diajukan untuk diterbitkan di media manapun, kecuali kami telah mencabut secara resmi naskah tersebut dari Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian.Mohon agar korespodensi (corresponding author) ditujukan kepada : Nama : ....................... Alamat : ....................... Telpon/HP/e-mail : .......................Demikian surat pernyataan ini, atas perhatian dan kerjasamanya disampaikan terima kasih..............., ................................... 201...Hormat kami,( ...............................................)

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ISSN : 0216 – 3160 JURNAL TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI PERTANIAN Vol. 22, No. 2, Agustus 2012 Penanggung Jawab Ketua Umum Asosiasi Agroindustri Indonesia dan Ketua Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, FATETA - IPB Ketua Dewan Editor Marimin (IPB) Dewan Editor Agus H. Canny (AGRIN) Didik Purwadi (UGM) Dwiwahju Sasongko (ITB) E. Gumbira Sa’id (IPB) Kadarsah Suryadi (ITB) Koesnandar (BPPT) Moses L. Singgih (ITS) Moh. Nasikin (UI) Tajuddin Bantacut (IPB) Editor Pelaksana Ika Amalia Kartika (Ketua) Andes Ismayana Dwi Setyaningsih Ono Suparno Titi Candra Sunarti Sekretariat Sri Martini Ketih Suketih Penerbit Asosiasi Agroindustri Indonesia (AGRIN) dan Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian (TIN) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian (FATETA) Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) Alamat Redaksi Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor Kampus IPB Darmaga PO Box 220, Bogor 16002 Telp./Fax (0251) 8621974, 8625088 e-mail : jurnal_tip@yahoo.co.id atau jurnal_tip@ipb.ac.id Biaya langganan per tahun Perorangan Rp. 150.000,- Institusi Rp. 200.000,- Permintaan langganan di kirim ke : Redaksi Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, FATETA-IPB Kampus IPB Darmaga PO Box 220 Bogor 16002 Telp/Fax : 0251-8625088 dan 0251-8621974; E-mail : jurnal_tip@yahoo.co.id atau jurnal_tip@ipb.ac.id Bank BNI Syariah Capem Darmaga, Bogor No.rekening 0174761727 atas nama Ketih Suketih

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UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH Dewan Editor menyampaikan terima kasih Kepada Bapak/Ibu/Sdr, atas kesediannya untuk menelaah naskah yang dimuat pada edisi ini. Agus Wahyudi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik, Bogor Ana Nurhasanah, Balai Besar Pengembangan Mekanisasi Pertanian,Tangerang Buhani, Jurusan Kima, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Lampung Bambang Pramudya, Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Bambang Drajat, PT Riset Perkebunan Nusantara, Bogor Charlena, Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogor Djayeng Sumangat, Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian, Bogor Hartrisari Hardjomidjojo, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Linawati Hardjito, Departemen Teknologi Hasil Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor Liesbetini Hartoto, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Machfud, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Mulyorini Rahayuningsih, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Nastiti Siswi Indrasti, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Sudradjat, Departemen Agronomi dan Holtikurtura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Sapta Raharja, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Sutrisno, Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Taufik Djatna, Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Uhendi Haris, Balai Penelitian Teknologi Karet, Bogor Wayan R Susila, Lembaga Riset Perkebunan Indonesia, Bogor Yohanes Aris Purwanto, Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Yusro Nuri Fauzia, Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan, Jakarta

IDENTIFICATION OF MANGOSTEEN STAGE MATURITY ON COLOR BASED USING FUZZY NEURAL NETWORK Retno Nugroho Whidhiasih, Sugi Guritman dan Prapto Tri Supriyo TIP
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 2 (2012): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACT Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) has a capability to classify a pattern located within two different classes where a classical Neural Network (NN) is failed to do so. The fuzzy pattern classification is using membership degree on output of neuron as learning target. The objective of this research was to undertake non-destructive identification of fresh mangosteen stage maturity using Fuzzy Neural Network. Component of colour resulted in from image processing that influential against level of mangosteen’s maturity was used as input parameter. Percentage accuracy ratio of FNN model compare to NN for five, three, and two classification classes was 70:40, 86:65 and 90:90, respectively. The best result of FNN modeling was achieved on three class target classification (unripe, export and local) with green colour index, value, a* u*, v*, entropy, contrast, energy and homogeneity as predicting parameters and 15 neurons hidden layer. Comparisons of percentage capability of FNN against NN to identify the class were 100:0, 100:87, and 63:75. Keywords: classification, fuzzy neural network, mangosteen, non-destructive grading, pattern recognition

SUPPLIER EVALUATION AND SELECTION IN AGROINDUSTRIAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF GUAVA FRUIT JUICE (Case Study Guava Fruit Juice Industry PT XYZ, Subang, Jawa Barat) Yusuf Andriana dan Taufik Djatna TIP
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 2 (2012): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACT Suppliers are important element to reduce cost of raw materials for agroindustrial supply chain management. This paper discusses a problem solving for the supplier’s evaluation and selection in agroindustry of guava juice. Contribution solution offered to guava juice agro industry that was obtained a systematic and objective procedures for choosing the right supplier by combining qualitative technique (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and quantitative technique (mixed integer programming). The objectives of this research were (1) to evaluate suppliers based on several criteria, i.e. price, product quality, delivery schedules, and showed history of product acceptance, (2) to apply an analytical model to minimize purchasing cost. The results showed that based on the evaluation of suppliers, there were three potential suppliers, and then from those was chosen supplier 3. The number of orders were 228.570 kg of guavaper year and total cost was Rp 481.517.906,63 per year. Keywords: suppliers evaluation ,guavafruit juice, AHP, mix integer programming

INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF NATURAL RUBBER PRODUCTION PROCESS WITH GREEN PRODUCTIVITY APPROACH: CASE STUDY IN PT X M. Arif Darmawan, Bangkit Wiguna, Marimin, Machfud TIP
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 2 (2012): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACT Productivity is an inseparable and important issue in every part of the industrial world. It has become one of several sustainability indicator of industry in the future. Process productivity can be improved by reducing the waste generated from it. The purpose of this study was to improve natural rubber production process in the PT X based on the Green Productivity concept. The current state analysis of green productivity measurement was used by using the green productivity indexing (GPI) method. The current state GPI measurement result for the production of ribbed smoked sheet was 0.27, while the GPI of brown crepe products result was 1.09. There were four alternative strategies to improve the green productivity in the PT X based on expert opinion,i.e. optimization of production process, raw material characteristics control, supporting material substitution, and reuse water. By using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the reuse of water process was the alternative strategy choosen, with 0.37 for the weight value. The implementation of the selected alternative strategy showed the reduction of the environmental impact of 3.57 for the production of ribbed smoked sheet and 0.54 for the production of brown crepe. The implementation of the selected alternative strategies also showed the green productivity increased to 0.690 for the production of ribbed smoked sheet with 2.57 GP ratio and 3.89 for brown crepe product with 3.57 GP ratio. Keywords: natural rubber, green productivity, Analytical Hierarchy Process, GP ratio

POTENTIAL AREAS ANALYSIS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PRIME COMMODITIES PLANTATION IN THE KOLAKA DISTRICT, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI Dhian Herdhiansyah, Lilik Sutiarso, Didik Purwadi, Taryono TIP
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 2 (2012): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACT Potential areas for development of main commodities plantation in Kolaka district have not been utilized. The objectives of this research were to identify the plantation system of six main commodities, i.e. cocoa, cloves, pepper, cashew, coconut and coffee, and to carry out the potential areas analysis for the development of main commodities plantation in the Kolaka district. The methods used were qualitative descriptive, Delphi, and characteristic gaps analyses of the real condition of the potential areas with the ideal requirements. Potential areas for the development of main potential commodities plantation was cocoa. Cocoa has been a great potential which reachs area of 92,442.24 ha, the production of 309,214.44 tones with a productivity of 558,09 kg/ha, the farmers number of 44,280 families (KK) with average land holdings of 2.14 ha/KK. Gap analysis of the suitability of land for six main commodities i.e. cocoa, cloves, pepper, cashew, coconut and coffee were in the group S (appropriate). The area of potential for the development of cocoa was around of 62,708.50 ha, which the largest area was in the Lambadia sub-district of 31,638.50 ha with the potential land to be developed land of 2,771 ha and area in the Ladongi sub-district of 14,819.40 ha with the potential to be developed of 22,900 ha. Keywords: Kolaka district, potential areas, main commodity, plantation

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