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Agricultural Science
Published by Universitas Merdeka Surabaya
ISSN : 25985167     EISSN : 25978713     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Faculty of Agriculture Merdeka University Surabaya, ISSN 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print). The aims of the journal are to publish and disseminate high quality, original research papers and article review in plant science i.e. agronomy, horticulture, plant breeding, soil sciences, plant protection, agricultural technology, agricultural agribusiness, agricultural economy and other related fields related to agriculture. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE is published twice a year.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 155 Documents
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Comparative Income Analysis of Partner and Non-Partner Shallot Farmers in Cirebon Rifyal Zaelva Gustinar; Dina Dwirayani; Tety Suciaty
Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): March
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v9i2.196

Abstract

Reality shows that there is an income gap between farmers partnered with PT Tani Bawang Sejahtera and non-partner farmers, even though ideally partnerships should be able to promote equitable profits. This study aims to: 1) analyze the partnership pattern between PT Tani Bawang Sejahtera and its partner farmers; and 2) analyze the income differences between PT Tani Bawang Sejahtera partner farmers and non-partner farmers. This research was conducted in Babakan Subdistrict, Cirebon Regency, with the research process taking place from October 2025 to January 2026. The research design is considered a comparative quantitative study with a survey research technique. The population of this study consists of red onion farmers who are both partners and non-partners. Data analysis was conducted using a two-sample independent mean difference test (independent sample t-test). The study results showed that partner farmers had an average production cost of IDR. 175,610,184, revenue of IDR. 445,726,071, and income of IDR. 270,115,887, while non-partner farmers had a production cost of IDR. 174,596,638, revenue of IDR. 292,063,141, and income of IDR. 117,466,503. Based on the difference test analysis using the independent sample t-test, the significance was found to be 0.000 and the mean difference was positive, indicating a difference between the incomes of partner and non-partner farmers, with partner farmers having a higher average income.
Intensity of Thrips Attacks On Eggplant As A Result of Plant-Based Pesticides Treatment Aif Nursyfa; Muhammad Fairuz; Aef Saefudin; Deden
Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): March
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v9i2.197

Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a vegetable that is quite popular among various groups in Indonesia. Eggplant production in Indonesia in 2023 reached 699,896 tons and decreased to 675,397 tons in 2024 (BPS, 2025). With this level of productivity, eggplant plants are more susceptible to pests, one of which is Thrips. Thrips palmi usually attacks the leaves, flowers, and fruit. Damage caused by Thrips attacks on eggplant plants is characterized by silvery spots and physiological disorders on the leaves, leading to the growth of fungi that spread disease. This study was conducted in Nanggela Village, Mandirancan District, Kuningan Regency, at an altitude of ±200-300 m above sea level with a tropical climate ranging from 24°C to 33°C and an average temperature of 28°C. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of types of plant-based pesticides and their concentrations, namely clove leaf extract, garlic extract, and lemongrass extract, each of which had concentrations of 50ml/L water, 100ml/L water, and 150ml/L water. The results of the experiment showed that plant-based pesticides from garlic extract with a concentration of 100 ml/L of water had a significant effect on the intensity of attacks and damage caused by thrips, plant height, number of leaves, and crop yield in eggplant plants.
Analysis of Women Empowerment through Sustainable Farming Education: Evidence from Karangcangkring Village, Indonesia Dwiyana Anela Kurniasari; Teguh Soedarto
Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): March
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v9i2.198

Abstract

Women play a strategic role in the agricultural sector and family food security, yet they still face limited access to agricultural education, technology, and decision-making. This situation contributes to low levels of empowerment of female farmers, particularly in rural areas. This study aims to analyze women's empowerment through sustainable agricultural education, using a case study in Karangcangkring Village, Gresik Regency, Indonesia. The study employed a case study approach with descriptive qualitative methods supported by simple quantitative data. Data collection was conducted through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, pre- and post-activity questionnaires, and focus group discussions. The analysis of women's empowerment was conducted with reference to the cognitive, economic, social, and institutional dimensions. The results indicate that sustainable agricultural education has a positive impact on increasing the empowerment of female farmers. The most significant improvements occurred in the cognitive and social dimensions, demonstrated by increased agricultural technical knowledge, self-confidence, and women's active participation in group activities and decision-making. The economic and institutional dimensions also showed positive, albeit gradual, developments, particularly in production management, post-harvest management, and women's involvement in agricultural group structures. Overall, sustainable agricultural education not only improves the technical capacity of women farmers but also strengthens their agency, social participation, and position within rural agricultural livelihood systems. This research confirms that the integration of gender-sensitive agricultural education is a crucial strategy for empowering women farmers and promoting inclusive and sustainable agricultural development at the village level.
Characterization of Mangoes In Cirebon Using The Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Method (Snp) Chika Septianingsih; Umi Trisnaningsih; Dony Nauphar
Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): March
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v9i2.199

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a leading horticultural commodity in Cirebon Regency, boasting a diverse array of local varieties with distinct fruit characteristics. Varietal identification has traditionally been based on morphological characteristics, but this method is often inaccurate due to environmental factors. Therefore, a more stable and objective molecular-based approach is needed, one of which is Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) analysis. This study aims to characterize the genetic diversity of mangoes in Cirebon using SNP markers as a basis for kinship information and potential variety development. The research methods included leaf sampling from several local Cirebon mango varieties, genomic DNA isolation, DNA amplification using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method, and sequencing analysis to identify SNP variations. The SNP data obtained were analyzed to assess genetic diversity and kinship among mango varieties. The results showed genetic differences between local mango varieties that could be clearly distinguished using SNP markers. In conclusion, SNP-based characterization of Cirebon mango is effective for revealing genetic diversity and can serve as a basis for variety identification, preservation of local germplasm, and support for mango breeding and development programs in the Cirebon region.
Fermented Jelly Candy, Aspects of Lime Mixing Percentage On Its Consistency And Sensory Properties Richardus Widodo; Wahyu Kanti Dwi Cahyanai; Anita Wulandari
Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): March
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v9i2.200

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the combination of fermented noni and lime on consistency and sensory properties. The design used was a completely randomised design (CRD) with one factor, namely the ratio of fermented noni and lime, which were P1 50:50, P2 60:40, P3 70:30, P4 80:20, and P5 90:10. The study was conducted at the Integrated Agroindustry Laboratory, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Untag Surabaya. Data collection consisted of organoleptic test data from 30 panelists and analysis results, namely physical consistency analysis in the form of texture testing using a penetrometer. The analysis results indicate that the optimal formulation for fermented noni jelly candy, serving as a reference for producers to manufacture consumer-preferred fermented noni jelly candy ( ), is a 50:50 ratio of fermented noni to lime. 
Growth Response of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) to the Application of Supermes Liquid Organic Fertilizer Dosage Hafis Ishak Maulana; Afifatun Nisa; Nurul Huda; Nurlina
Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): September
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v9i1.201

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativumL.) is a horticultural commodity with high economic value in Indonesia. For optimal growth and yield, garlic plants require macronutrients and micronutrients from fertilization. Micronutrients can be met, for example, by providing organic liquid fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of Supermes Liquid Fertilizer dosage application on garlic plant growth. The garlic varieties planted are local varieties using a 1-factor Randomized Block Design with 6 fertilizer dosage treatments: 1) 0 ml/L; 2) 1 ml/L; 3) 2 ml/L; 4) 3 ml/L; 5) 4 ml/L and 6) 5 ml/L. Supermes liquid organic fertilizer. Each treatment was repeated three times: Garlic Response to Supermes Liquid Fertilizer, therefore, there were 18 treatment trials. The results of the Supermes POC fertilizer dosage application did not show significant differences in plant height and number of leaves. However, there was a significant increase in the number of leaves and plant height at each increase in fertilizer dosage. Further research on the application of Supermes POC dosage with various higher concentrations is needed to obtain superior results.
The Application of Goat Manure and Rhizobium on Contaminated Soil to Improve Growth and Yield of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata, L) Akhlan Muhammad Akbar; Farhan Hidayat; Muhamad Sufyan Rafid; Ida Setya Wahyu Atmaja
Agricultural Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): september in progres
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v10i1.202

Abstract

Stone slurry, a byproduct of natural stone industry activities, has the potential to pollute agricultural land surrounding the industry, affecting both the physical and chemical properties of the topsoil. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of goat manure and Rhizobium application on stone slurry-contaminated soil in order to improve the growth and yield of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). A randomized block design (RBD) was arranged, including two factors: the doses of goat manure with three levels, namely 0 ton ha-1, 10 ton ha-1, 15 ton ha-1, and the doses of Rhizobium with three levels, 0 g kg-1 of seed, 7.5 g kg-1 of seed, and 15 g kg-1 of seed. The results showed that goat manure application had an independent effect on plant height and number of leaves at 28 days after planting (DAP), as well as on the number of pods per plot. Goat manure increased plant height and pod number by approximately 12-14% compared with the control treatment. However, its effect decreased during subsequent observation periods. Meanwhile, Rhizobium application did not significantly affect on all observed variables. Soil pH, nutrient availability, and soil physical properties as limiting factors affecting microbial activity, including both organic matter-decomposing microorganisms and Rhizobium as a nitrogen-fixing bacterium.
Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In Palm Habitats of Pigafetta elata Lore Lindu National Park Rinaldi malik; Yusran; Rukmi; Naharuddin; Henry Novero Barus; Rostiati Daeng Rahmatu; Rahmawati
Agricultural Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): september in progres
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v10i1.205

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), analyze spore density, assess the level of AMF colonization in the roots of Pigafetta elata, and evaluate the physical and chemical properties of soils within its habitat.The study was conducted from August to October 2025. Soil and root samples of Pigafetta elata were collected from its habitats in Puroo Village, Lindu District, Sigi Regency, and Sedoa Village, North Lore District, Poso Regency. Soil samples were analyzed to identify AMF morphospecies and determine spore density, while root samples were analyzed to determine the percentage of root colonization. These analyses were carried out at the Forest Biotechnology Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor, West Java. Analyses of soil physical and chemical properties were conducted at the Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu.The results showed that in Puroo Village, three AMF morphospecies belonging to two genera (Acaulospora and Glomus) were identified, with a spore density of 5 spores per 20 g of soil and a root colonization rate of 49.56%. In contrast, in Sedoa Village, seventeen morphospecies belonging to three genera (Acaulospora, Glomus, and Gigaspora) were identified, with a spore density of 47 spores per 20 g of soil and a colonization rate of 45.84%. These differences were associated with edaphic conditions: Puroo had a near-neutral soil pH (6.30), high organic carbon content (4.15%), and good porosity (55.86%), whereas Sedoa had acidic soil conditions (pH 4.48), moderate organic carbon content (2.16%), and lower porosity (45.84%). This study revealed an ecological trade-off within AMF communities. In habitats with favorable soil conditions (Puroo), AMF allocated more energy to root colonization. Conversely, in environmentally stressed habitats (Sedoa), AMF produced a greater number of spores as a survival strategy. These findings provide baseline information for the conservation of Pigafetta elata and support the utilization of AMF as a biological agent in ecosystem restoration efforts
Remote Sensing of Mangrove Health and Vulnerability in Tolongano Herlangga Adiputra; Adam Malik; Bau Toknok; Hamzari; Abdul Rosyid
Agricultural Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): september in progres
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v10i1.206

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in protecting coastal areas from erosion, waves, and other environmental disturbances. However, increasing anthropogenic pressures, including aquaculture expansion, settlement development, and land-use conversion, threaten their sustainability. Previous studies have commonly assessed mangrove health or vulnerability separately, providing limited insight into the relationship between ecosystem condition and potential threats. This study addresses this gap by integrating the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to evaluate mangrove health, spatial vulnerability, and their relationship in Tolongano Village, South Banawa Sub-district, Central Sulawesi. The integration of SAVI and MCDA offers a novel framework for identifying healthy mangrove areas that remain exposed to significant anthropogenic pressures.Using Landsat 8/9 imagery, land-use data, and field validation at 45 sampling points, mangrove health was classified into healthy (72.78 ha; 52.47%), moderate (32.82 ha; 23.66%), and unhealthy/degraded (33.11 ha; 23.87%) categories. Classification accuracy was high, with an Overall Accuracy of 97.78% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.98. Vulnerability analysis showed that 87.40% of the mangrove area was categorized as very highly vulnerable, mainly due to the proximity of aquaculture ponds. Correlation analysis produced a weak negative relationship (r = −0.2390) between mangrove health and vulnerability. The results indicate that healthy mangrove stands may still face substantial future threats. The SAVI–MCDA approach provides a practical tool for conservation prioritization, coastal spatial planning, and long-term mangrove management.
Integrating Indigenous Socio-Cultural Values into GIS–AHP-Based Customary Forest Zoning Arif Hidayat; Adam Malik; Hamzari; Misrah
Agricultural Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): september in progres
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/agriscience.v10i1.207

Abstract

Customary forests play an important role in maintaining ecological functions, cultural values, and local livelihoods. However, most forest zoning studies based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) primarily emphasize biophysical parameters and rarely integrate indigenous socio-cultural values as spatial decision-making criteria. This limitation is particularly relevant in customary forest areas, where traditional norms and sacred sites strongly influence land-use practices and resource management. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the biophysical and socio-cultural factors influencing forest management and to develop a management zoning system for the Suaka Katuwua To Lindu Customary Forest using an integrated GIS–AHP approach. The study employed nine parameters, namely slope, elevation, land cover, distance from rivers, soil type, rainfall, distance from roads, distance from settlements, and sacred areas. Biophysical data were obtained from DEMNAS, Landsat 8 imagery, RBI BIG maps, CHIRPS rainfall data, and soil maps, while socio-cultural data were collected through interviews and participatory mapping conducted with the To Lindu Indigenous Community. All parameters were reclassified into five scoring classes and weighted using AHP based on assessments from three experts. The weighted parameters were subsequently integrated through spatial overlay analysis to generate a zoning index. The results showed that slope had the highest weight (22%), followed by sacred areas (21%), distance from settlements (11%), distance from roads (10%), land cover (9%), distance from rivers and elevation (8% each), soil type (6%), and rainfall (5%). These findings indicate that indigenous socio-cultural values have a level of importance comparable to that of biophysical factors in determining forest management priorities. Based on the zoning index, the 6,473-ha customary forest was classified into four management zones: Core/Protected Zone (1,352.40 ha; 20.89%), Buffer Zone (2,628.25 ha; 40.60%), Limited Utilization Zone (640.91 ha; 9.90%), and Intensive Utilization Zone (1,851.44 ha; 28.60%). The novelty of this study lies in the integration of sacred areas as socio-cultural spatial criteria within a GIS–AHP framework for customary forest zoning. The resulting zoning map provides a practical decision-support tool for indigenous institutions, local governments, and other stakeholders in promoting sustainable customary forest management and spatial planning.

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