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Agromet

agromet
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 01263633 EISSN : 2655660X DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Agromet publishes original research articles or reviews that have not been published elsewhere. The scope of publication includes agricultural meteorology/climatology (the relationships between a wide range of agriculture and meteorology/climatology aspects). Articles related to meteorology/climatology and environment (pollution and atmospheric conditions) may be selectively accepted for publication. This journal is published twice a year by Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology (PERHIMPI) in collaboration with Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University.

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Articles 289 Documents

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The Role of Vegetation in Reducing Anthropogenic CO2 in Bogor City Ariesta Kusuma Wardhani; Bregas Budianto; Yon Sugiarto
Agromet Vol. 32 No. 1 (2018): JUNE 2018
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Vegetation has a role in reducing CO2 from anthropogenic activities through photosynthesis. Fuel combustion is one of the activities that greatly contribute to CO2 emissions. As a city with many destinations, the possibility of CO2 emissions will increase in Bogor especially on holidays because of motorized vehicle from other cities. This research aims to determine the absorption capability of vegetation in Bogor City in reducing CO2 emitted from fuel combustion. We analyzed CO2 data for 2017 by day to obtain traffic levels in the city assuming that people mobility using vehicle was influenced by day. Then we separated CO2 data into slow and fast photosynthesis rate based on air temperature. We determined the absorption capability of vegetation at daily basis by calculating the difference between the min and the max of CO2 concentration divided by the min of CO2. Our results showed that the lowest CO2 level was in Sunday. On that day, the average air temperatur was high indicating the less CO2 concentration. Our one-way Anova test confirmed this finding. The finding revealed that the absorption capability of vegetation to reduce anthropogenic CO2 was still limited. To implement Bogor as green city, more vegetations and gardens are needed to balance an increased CO2.

Spatial Distribution of Dryness on Oil Palm Plantations Using Landsat image Melda Hazrina; Idung Risdiyanto
Agromet Vol. 32 No. 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Peatland in Riau is commonly utilized for agricultural purposes including oil palm. This utilization has influenced on peat characteristics on the top soil leading to degraded peatland, associated drought-related fire. In this paper, we identified peat dryness from three different oil palm ages using drought indices proxy to derive information on spatial dryness. Two drought indices were used in this study including the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) and the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). Our results showed that the TVDI value ranged from 0.46 to 0.92, while the CWSI value ranged from 0.18 to 0.80. The highest value of TVDI was found in 2-years old oil palm, and the lowest values was in the 11-years old oil palm. Our CWSI analysis confirmed this pattern that young oil palm has a high moisture stress, as many peat-soils were exposed to direct sunlight. Our findings also revealed that the TVDI and the CWSI were able to interpret soil moisture dynamics on the top layers (10 cm).

Projection of Rice Blast Diseases in West Java Region based on Climate Change Scenario Aji Irsyam N. Sukarta; Yon Sugiarto; Yonny Koesmaryono
Agromet Vol. 32 No. 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Rice production in Indonesia has faced many challenges including disease outbreak leading to crop failure. Blast is a common disease, which is often found in paddy, that able to inhibit its growth and development. Here, we present simulation modeling to predict blast outbreak under climate change projection scenario in west Java, Indonesia. Two climate projections namely RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 were employed as input for EPIRICE epidemiological model. With this model we anaysed the potency of blast outbreak for 2021-2050. Then we compared the area of the projected blast with the output from current climate condition (1996-2005, as a baseline). Our results show that the potency of blast outbreak was in a low level under baseline. The area indicating a low level of outbreak was observed for both climate projections. Our findings revealed that a decreasing trend on the outbreak is expected for 2021-2050. However, an increased number of area having blast outbreak was observed especially in mountains region as many of 2%.day and 6%.day for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively.

Determination of Thermal Comforts Threshold on Students and Domestic Tourists in Lombok Island Rini Hidayati; Abytia Etika Banja
Agromet Vol. 32 No. 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

The research aims to identify the comfort level on Lombok island, and to determine the comfort threshold values based on various thermal indices for indoor and outdoor. We applied three different indices namely Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), Temperature Humidity Index (THI), and Heat Stress Index (HSI). We observed climate variables including air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and black-globe temperature for periode February-March 2018. Then we correlated the indices against comfort and heat perceptions. Our results showed that altitude has influenced on the comfort index. Location on the higher altitude will have low index values, which were consistent for all indices. For the comfort threshold values, adaptation to local climate is the key to determine the values. The adapted people (students) will have a higher threshold value than those whom they were tourists. Our finding revealed that the threshold values for the indices were 28.5, 27.5, 92 for WBGT, THI, HSI, respectively. Based on our statistical analysis, we found that HSI was the best index to determine the comfort level in Lombok for the observed period, as the HSI has strong correlation with comfort and heat perceptions. Further, we recommend the wider used of HSI as the index uses more easily obtained climate variables.

Development of Early Detection Method for Drought and Flood on Rice Paddy Elza Surmaini; Erni Susanti; Yeli Sarvina; M. Ridho Syahputra
Agromet Vol. 32 No. 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Droughts and floods due to extreme climate events has caused yield loss in various regions of Indonesia, including the Provinces of Aceh and North Sumatra. An early detection model needs to be developed to anticipate the negative impacts of extreme climate event. The model may describe the association of surplus and rainfall deficits with paddy damage due to drought and flood. We used Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to explore drought and flood characteristics in period 1989-2016. The study aimed: (i) to analyze the relationship between SPI and paddy damage due to drought and flood events, (ii) to analyze the critical value of the duration and intensity of SPI which causes paddy damage, and (iii) to determine which districts were prone to drought and flood in the Provinces of Aceh and North Sumatra. The results concluded that SPI-3 and -6 months can better describe the frequency of drought and rice flooding. In addition, drought on paddy occured mostly if the SPI was smaller than -1 which took place within 4-5 months, whereas flood occured if the SPI was greater than 1. Short duration drought (2-3 months) were observed in five districts in Aceh (2) and North Sumatra (3). On other hand, more flood districts were identified (9 districts).

Analysis of Regional Water Availability for Domestic Water Demand (Case Study: Malang Regency) Dinia Putri; . Perdinan
Agromet Vol. 32 No. 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

The fulfillment of water demands needs to consider climate variability impacts on water availability. A seasonal change from wet to dry may have a negative impact on water availability leading to water scarcity for domestic purposes. Therefore, information on water condition until sub-district level is important. We did water balance approach to analyze water condition especially during dry season in Malang district, East Java for period 2007-2016. Our results showed that several sub-districts faced a serious problem with water deficit condition. During dry season, an increased domestic water demand was not supported by water availability, which caused some villages could not provide basic water for domestic purposes. Further, the research may contribute to support mitigation and adaptation strategy for climate extreme in the region.

Trend of Extreme Precipitation over Sumatera Island for 1981-2010 . Misnawati; Mega Perdanawanti
Agromet Vol. 33 No. 1 (2019): JUNE 2019
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Extreme climate events have significant impacts on various sectors such as agriculture, ecosystem, health and energy. The issue would lead to economic losses as well as social problems. This study aims to investigate the trend of extreme precipitation in Sumatera Island based on observed data during 30-year period, 1981–2010. There are ten indices of climate extreme as defined by ETCCDMI, which were tested in this study, including PRCPTOT, SDII, CDD, CWD, R10, R50, R95p, R99p, Rx1day and Rx5day. Then, the trend was analyzed based on the Mann-Kendall statistic, performed on the time series of precipitation data. The result shows that there was positive trend of extreme precipitation found in most stations over Sumatera, either statistically significant or insignificant. In each extreme precipitation indices, the number of observed stations indicating the insignificant change is higher than the significant one. This research also found that some indices including SDII, Rx1day, R50, R95p and R99p, showed a significantly-positive trend followed by a higher intensity of wetter and heavier events of extreme precipitation over Sumatera. On the other hand, the wet spell (CWD) index shows a negative trend (α=0.05).

Surface Temperature and Heat Fluxes: Comparison between Natural Forest and Oil Palm Plantation in Jambi Province Using Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) Salis Deris Artikanur; Tania June
Agromet Vol. 33 No. 2 (2019): DECEMBER 2019
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

One of the leading commodities that has contributed a lot of income for Indonesia is oil palm. Oil palm plantations in Jambi are widespread, affecting the energy balance and surface temperature. This study aims to compare surface temperature and heat fluxes of oil palm plantation with different ages, how is the difference between forest and oil palm plantation, and to analyze the effect of oil palm planting on micro-climate change in Jambi. Using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), it was found that in Jambi, young oil palm (2 years old) had higher surface temperatures of 2oC compared with adult oil palm (19 years old). While the surface temperature of the adult oil palm plant is slightly higher than natural forest that is 0.5oC. The increase of the age of oil palm followed by the increase of plant height (h), Canopy Cover (CC), and surface roughness which resulted in the increase of NDVI value and the cooling effect around the plantation so that the surface temperature (Ts) decreased as indicated by equation TS = 27.00 - 0.1581h - 0.0317CC and NDVI = 0.1335 + 0.00892h + 0.00096CC. The sensible heat flux (H) is affected by surface temperature, roughness length, friction velocity, and aerodynamic resistance of the plant. The highest H value is in the oil palm plantation near Brimob which is 282 W/m2. Latent heat flux (LE) is the remainder of the net radiation minus the flux of the soil and the flux feels. The highest LE value is in the oil palm plantation of Pompa Air Village which is 710 W/m2. Substantially ground heat flux (G) is affected by net radiation, NDVI, surface temperature, and albedo. The highest value of G is in PT Pisifera Persada oil palm plantation of 98 W/m2.Keywords: NDVI, net radiation, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, Canopy Cover

The Use of Reflective Mulch in Soybean-Oil Palm Intercropping System Mufika Haryu Suci Fitriana; Yonny Koesmaryono; . Impron; Taufan Hidayat
Agromet Vol. 33 No. 2 (2019): DECEMBER 2019
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Demand for soybean is increasing nowadays as it provides a high nutrition food at affordable price. To fulfill the demand, an intercropping system of soybean-oil palm may increase the production of soybean. However, shading by the oil palm canopy would reduce the amount of radiation reaching the soil surface. Theoritically, application of reflective mulches may increase the amount of solar radiation intercepted by the shaded plants, hence it gives a positive effect for plant growth. The study aimed to analyze the effect of an increased radiation transmission with reflective mulch on the growth and development of soybean under an intercropping system with 4-year olds oil palm. The experiments were carried out on PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII located in Cimarga District, Lebak Regency, from March to June 2018. There were three treatments based on mulch application, namely soil without mulch (R0), soil with black silver plastic mulch (R1), and soil with dry palm oil leaf mulch (R2). The results showed that a canopy of 4-year-olds oil palm transmitted around 42% of an incoming radiation. The use of mulch as radiation reflector has a positive effect on an increased interception of solar radiation and potential productivity. Under R1 and R2 treatments, intercepted radiation was 25% and 15% larger than that of R0. In addition, mulch increased radiation use efficiency (RUE) by 2.3 times under R1 (1.6 g/MJ) and 1.7 times under R2 (1.2 g/MJ). The potency of productivity also increased (1.48 and 1.42 times higher under R1 and R2, respectively). The finding confirmed that mulch application did not affect the plant development in any treatment. Furthermore, we suggest that an intercropping system of soybean and 4-year-olds oil palm may be applied to increase the soybean production in Indonesia.

Potential of Green Leafhopper Attack (Empoasca sp.) in Tea Plantation Based on Climate Change Scenarios Dwi Adelianingsih; Rini Hidayati; Yon Sugiarto
Agromet Vol. 33 No. 2 (2019): DECEMBER 2019
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Pest growth is closely related to the climate conditions. This study aimed to analyze the impact of climate variability and climate change on the potential attack of green leafhopper (Empoasca sp.) on tea plantations at PTPN VIII Gunung Mas. The analysis was carried out to calculate the value of Ecoclimatic Index (EI) based on the functions of the compare years and the compare location in CLIMEX model. Pest suitability in the future was projected using RCP 4.5 and 8.5 climate scenarios, which were derived from MIROC 5 and CCSM 4 climate model outputs. The result indicated that Gunung Mas Tea Plantation was suitable for Empoasca sp. growth. The EI value (58) in the baseline year (2012-2017) confirmed the suitability. Climate variability influences the suitability for Empoasca sp. growth. During El-Niño, the EI value decrease substantially (~26%). On the other hand, the EI value is projected to slightly increase in the future for both climate scenarios.

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