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Rachmat Hidayat
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INDONESIA
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Published by HM Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28076257     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijmr
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews (OAIJMR) is a bi-monthly, international, peer-review, and open access journal dedicated to various disciplines of medicine, biology and life sciences. The journal publishes all type of review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 218 Documents
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Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials Siti Nashria Rusdhy; Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi; Carla Raymondalexas Marchira; Mustika Suci Mahardikaningrum; Teresa Lalita Wiryarini; Devira Ayu Wulandari
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.883

Abstract

Psilocybin-assisted therapy shows promise for depression, though current evidence relies on Phase 2 trials with notable methodological limitations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating psilocybin-assisted therapy for major or treatment-resistant depression up to February 2024. We evaluated depressive symptom severity using random-effects meta-analysis, moderator analyses, Cochrane Risk of Bias 2, and GRADE methodology. Nine RCTs (N=514) were included. Psilocybin therapy demonstrated a large pooled effect size for symptom reduction (SMD = 1.270, 95% CI: 0.865–1.676, p<0.001). However, substantial heterogeneity was observed (I² = 79.1%). Comparator type significantly moderated outcomes, with waitlist controls showing substantially larger effects than active/placebo controls. Overall GRADE certainty of evidence was rated LOW due to risk of bias, heterogeneity, short-term outcomes, and publication bias concerns. In conclusion, while psilocybin-assisted therapy yields a large pooled effect estimate for depression, current findings are preliminary. Results are heavily qualified by methodological constraints, including waitlist-inflated efficacy, compromised blinding from subjective psychedelic effects, and the confounding influence of integrated psychological support. Confirmation through robust Phase 3 trials is required before supporting routine clinical implementation.
Semaglutide and the Risk of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischaemic Optic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Jovita Jutamulia; Elfira Sutanto
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.884

Abstract

Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), has emerged as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity management. However, recent pharmacovigilance and observational studies have raised concerns regarding a potential association between semaglutide use and non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a serious form of optic neuropathy causing sudden vision loss. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the association between semaglutide exposure and NAION risk. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar without date restrictions, with the final search completed on 31 March 2026. Study selection was based on predefined inclusion criteria, and quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was quantified using the I² statistic. Publication bias was examined using funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Six observational studies comprising 699,141 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, semaglutide was associated with a significantly increased risk of NAION (pooled HR 1.802; 95% CI 1.221–2.658; p = 0.003). Substantial heterogeneity was observed (I² = 72.8%, Q = 18.37, p = 0.003). Subgroup analyses revealed that the positive association was driven by four prospective cohort studies reporting elevated NAION risk (HR = 2.402; 95% CI 1.662–3.468), whereas two retrospective studies reported null associations (HR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.60–1.60). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated robustness of the primary finding. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides evidence of a potential increased risk of NAION associated with semaglutide use in observational studies, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Clinical awareness of this signal is warranted, and further prospective investigation is recommended.
Ultrasound-Guided Combined Femoral and Popliteal-Sciatic Nerve Block for Foot Debridement in a Patient with Peripheral Arterial Disease, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction, and Pulmonary Oedema: A High-Risk Case Report Heri Dwi Purnomo; Paramita Putri Hapsari; Muhammad Rizal Aulia
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.888

Abstract

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in its advanced stage leads to critical limb ischaemia requiring operative debridement, and coexisting heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and pulmonary oedema make general and neuraxial anaesthesia hazardous. We describe a 59-year-old man with three-vessel coronary artery disease previously treated by multiple percutaneous coronary interventions, HFrEF (ejection fraction 36%), hypertension, diabetes mellitus and bilateral PAD who presented with acute decompensated heart failure, pulmonary oedema and bilateral pleural effusion together with an extensive left foot ulcer requiring urgent debridement and necrotomy. An ultrasound-guided combined femoral and popliteal-sciatic nerve block was performed using 20 mL of 1.5% lidocaine and 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine. The patient remained conscious and haemodynamically stable with systolic blood pressure 90–110 mmHg, heart rate ~85 beats/min and SpO₂ 100%. The 60-minute procedure was uneventful with no local anaesthetic toxicity, new neurological deficit or respiratory compromise, and the patient was transferred to the high-care unit. Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blockade represents a cardiopulmonary-sparing anaesthetic strategy that can deliver adequate operating conditions for lower-extremity surgery in patients with PAD and severe cardiac and respiratory comorbidity. Keywords: Peripheral nerve block, Peripheral arterial disease, Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, regional anesthesia, ultrasound guidance.
Transient Unilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy Presenting as Post-extubation Stridor after Total Thyroidectomy for Non-toxic Multinodular Goiter: Anesthetic Implications and Airway Rescue Muhammad Rezha Mansyur; Isngadi; Jeffri Prasetyo Utomo
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i3.896

Abstract

Total thyroidectomy is among the most frequently performed endocrine procedures worldwide, yet it carries a defined risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury that can precipitate post-extubation stridor and emergent airway compromise. Transient unilateral RLN palsy is estimated to occur in 2 to 10 percent of cases for benign disease and remains an important anesthetic consideration even in carefully planned surgery. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with controlled hypertension and a longstanding bilateral non-toxic multinodular goiter of 8.5 by 10 centimeters who underwent intraoperative conversion from subtotal to total thyroidectomy under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Intraoperative course was stable on a balanced regimen of midazolam, fentanyl, propofol, atracurium, and isoflurane. Ten minutes after a smooth extubation, she developed inspiratory stridor, suprasternal retractions, and desaturation. Awake reintubation with preserved spontaneous ventilation was performed using low-dose sedation, intravenous lidocaine, and direct laryngoscopy, which simultaneously secured the airway and demonstrated paresis of the left vocal cord while the right cord was mobile. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit, received systemic methylprednisolone, and was extubated successfully within 24 hours with complete recovery of bilateral vocal cord mobility on follow-up laryngoscopy. In conclusion, awake reintubation with maintained spontaneous breathing is a powerful maneuver that secures the airway and confirms the laryngeal diagnosis at a single procedure. Early systemic corticosteroid, vigilant monitoring, and otolaryngology liaison support rapid neurapraxia recovery, with multidisciplinary cooperation as the cornerstone of a favorable outcome.
Medial Condyle Fracture of the Humerus Following an Arm-Wrestling Injury in an Adolescent: A Rare Kilfoyle Type II Injury with Transient Ulnar Neuropathy Managed by Open Reduction and Pinning I Gede Mandra Adnyana; I Made Artana
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i3.897

Abstract

Fractures of the medial condyle of the humerus are uncommon injuries in the pediatric and adolescent population, accounting for fewer than two percent of elbow fractures, yet they are clinically important because the fracture line crosses both the articular surface and the distal humeral physis. Delayed or inadequate treatment may lead to nonunion, growth arrest, cubitus varus or valgus deformity, and elbow instability. We report a 15-year-old male who presented with one month of persistent left elbow pain after an arm-wrestling contest during which the elbow shifted and he fell onto the affected arm. He described intermittent paresthesia of the ring and little fingers and morning stiffness. Examination revealed medial elbow swelling, tenderness over the medial condyle, painfully limited motion, and paresthesia in the ulnar nerve distribution. Plain radiographs confirmed a left medial condyle fracture classified as Kilfoyle type II. Because of the intra-articular nature of the injury and the risk of displacement, open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner-wire pinning was performed, followed by intravenous fluid support, ceftriaxone for prophylaxis, and intravenous paracetamol for analgesia. One week postoperatively the patient showed marked improvement, with resolution of stiffness, reduced pain, recovered range of motion, and improvement of the ulnar nerve symptoms, and no complications were observed. This report highlights arm wrestling as a rare mechanism of adolescent medial condyle fracture, its association with transient ulnar neuropathy, and the favorable early outcome achievable with prompt anatomical fixation and structured postoperative care.
Probiotics and Synbiotics for Glycaemic Control and Beta-Cell Function in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials Michael Theodore; Salim Aljufri; Noviane Angrella
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i3.910

Abstract

Gut dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and microbiota-based interventions have been proposed as adjuncts to insulin. The paediatric evidence remains fragmented and the effect on residual beta-cell function has not been a focus. This meta-analysis quantified the effect of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and synthesised beta-cell and immune outcomes in children with T1DM. PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of oral probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics added to insulin in T1DM, with HbA1c as the primary outcome. Standardised mean differences (SMD, Hedges’ g) were pooled with a random-effects model (DerSimonian–Laird). Subgroup, leave-one-out, an a-priori paediatric-only sensitivity, and exploratory small-study analyses were performed. Risk of bias used Cochrane RoB 2.0. Beta-cell and immune outcomes were synthesised narratively. Seven RCTs (453 participants) were included. Supplementation produced a significant, small-to-moderate reduction in HbA1c (pooled g = −0.50, 95% CI −0.71 to −0.30; z = −4.94, p < 0.0001), with low heterogeneity (I² = 11.0%, τ² = 0.008, Q = 6.74, df = 6, p = 0.345) and a prediction interval of −0.84 to −0.17, corresponding to about 0.3 to 0.5 HbA1c percentage points. The effect was consistent across disease stage (between-group p = 0.957), was preserved in the strictly paediatric analysis (g = −0.54), and was robust to leave-one-out removal. Beta-cell outcomes were inconsistent. Supplementation was safe. In conclusion, in children with T1DM, probiotics and synbiotics conferred a modest but consistent improvement in HbA1c, without convincing evidence of beta-cell preservation. The intervention appears safe but the clinical magnitude is small and does not currently justify a change to routine practice.
Laparoscopic Valve-Preserving Cecectomy for Fibrous Obliteration of the Appendix Mimicking an Appendiceal Mucocele: A Case Report Rizky Ratria Kusumawardhani; Anung Noto Nugroho
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i3.914

Abstract

Fibrous obliteration of the appendix is an under-recognized, benign process in which the normal appendiceal mucosa, lymphoid follicles, and submucosa are progressively replaced by fibroblastic and neurogenic tissue. When the obliterated lumen dilates and accumulates low-attenuation material, it can closely imitate an appendiceal mucocele or a low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm on computed tomography (CT), creating a therapeutic dilemma: the surgeon must avoid both under-treatment, which risks a neoplastic margin or pseudomyxoma peritonei, and over-treatment with an unnecessary colectomy. We report a 59-year-old woman with six months of recurrent epigastric and right-lower-quadrant pain and a soft, non-peritonitic abdomen, in whom contrast-enhanced CT showed a well-defined, tubular, fluid-density appendiceal lesion measuring 4.5 × 2.4 × 6 cm extending toward the cecum, with a basal calcific focus and no post-contrast enhancement, interpreted as a probable mucocele. Given its size, basal location, and indeterminate nature, a laparoscopic cecectomy was performed: the mesoappendix and ligament of Treves were sealed and divided, the right colon was mobilized, and the cecum was transected with a linear stapler oriented to preserve the ileocecal valve, with intact en-bloc retrieval in an endobag. Histopathology revealed fibrous obliteration—luminal replacement by spindle cells in a loose fibromyxoid stroma with chronic inflammation and absent normal mucosa—rather than a mucinous neoplasm. Recovery was uneventful, with a one-day stay and resolution of the right-sided pain. Valve-preserving laparoscopic cecectomy is a safe, function-sparing alternative to segmental colectomy for selected benign appendiceal and cecal disease when the base is involved or the diagnosis is indeterminate.
Dermoscopic Characteristics of Nail Involvement in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia Aulia Yasmin; Nurrachmat Mulianto; Nila Kusumasari; Laura Noviani; Dimas Arief Destiyono
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i3.919

Abstract

Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that frequently involves the nails, yet nail changes are often overlooked despite their diagnostic and prognostic importance. Dermoscopy (onychoscopy) is a non-invasive tool that may improve detection of nail involvement, but data from Indonesian populations are scarce. This study aimed to describe the dermoscopic characteristics of nail changes in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 adults with clinically diagnosed psoriasis vulgaris (ICD-10 L40.0) attending the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, between November and December 2024, selected by purposive sampling. Each patient underwent full clinical and dermoscopic (DermLite) nail examination with digital photography. Proportions were summarised with 95% Wilson confidence intervals (CI). Subjects were predominantly male (17; 56.7%), and the largest age group was 45–64 years (13; 43.3%). Nail changes were detected dermoscopically in 24 patients (80.0%; 95% CI 62.7–90.5). Among affected patients (n=24), the most frequent features were nail pitting (75.0%), onycholysis (62.5%), crumbling (54.2%), splinter haemorrhage (50.0%) and subungual hyperkeratosis (41.7%); less frequent were leukonychia (33.3%), Beau's lines (16.7%), oil-spot/salmon patch (12.5%) and red lunula (4.2%). Nail involvement exceeded a pooled literature reference (p=0.006); matrix and nail-bed features occurred in comparable proportions (p=0.744); and feature frequencies departed from a uniform distribution (chi-square=28.7, p<0.001). In conclusion, dermoscopic nail changes were common in psoriasis vulgaris, most often nail pitting and onycholysis. Dermoscopy is an efficient, non-invasive method that can support the diagnosis of nail psoriasis in Indonesian clinical practice.

Page 22 of 22 | Total Record : 218

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