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Journal of Applied Geology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 25022822     EISSN : 25022822     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science
Journal of Applied Geology – JAG focuses on the applied geology and geosciences with its key objective particularly emphasis on application of basic geological knowledge for addressing environmental, engineering, and geo-hazards problems. The subject covers variety of topics including geodynamics, sedimentology and stratigraphy, volcanology, engineering geology, environmental geology, hydrogeology, geo-hazard and mitigation, mineral resources, energy resources, medical geology, geo-archaeology, as well as applied geophysics and geodesy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Geologi
Articles 180 Documents
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Cooling history (from magma ascent to lava extrusion) of the Watuadeg pillow lava, Berbah, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Indranova Suhendro; Agung Harijoko; Nugroho Imam Setiawan; Haryo Edi Wibowo
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.73942

Abstract

The Watuadeg pillow lava (WPL) is known as one of the most famous pillow lava outcrops in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and its origin has been attributed to rapid-cooling process of subaqueous lava extrusion. However, there is no quantitative evidence that implies such hypotheses. Therefore, this study aims to reduce such a gap by revealing the cooling times (t) of WPL on the basis of a quantitative approach. In particular, we measured the size distribution (CSD) and number density (MND) of plagioclase microlites from the core, medial, and marginal (rim) domains of WPL. We found that the CSD slope significantly increases towards marginal zones, namely 30.4ᵒ for the core, 53.4ᵒ for the medial, and 228.1ᵒ for the rim. Because CSD slope is inversely proportional to cooling time ( ), by assuming a typical plagioclase microlite growth rate (G) of 1×107 mm/s, it is therefore inferred that the rim experienced the fastest cooling time (±12.1 hours), followed by the medial and core ((±52.0 and 91.4 hours, respectively). The fact that MNDs value increases toward the marginal zones also does not deny this idea (0.3×1016 m-3 for the core, 1.4×1016 m-3 for the medial, and 2.4×1016 m-3 for the rim), as higher MND with the domination of acicular-spherulitic habit represents a higher degree of undercooling. Because microlite is syn-eruptive product, our estimation represents the cooling time of magma since it migrated from the reservoir to the surface.
Source Rock Quality and 1D Maturity Model in Pendalian Sub-basin, Central Sumatra Basin Putri Dwi Afifah; Hendra Amijaya; Sarju Winardi; Widi Atmoko
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.78104

Abstract

Pematang Formation is well known as the main source rock in the Central Sumatra Basin (Mazied et al., 2008). The formation which acts as source rock has been studied thoroughly in the central and eastern parts of the basin, but research regarding source rock in the western part of the basin, which is the study area, is very limited. This paper aims to define the quality of source rock from a geochemical view through the determination of organic content quantity based on the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) data, determining the type of kerogen, and thermal maturity of the source rock according to the values of Tmax and Vitrinite Reflectance (%Ro). Burial history and thermal maturity models (1D basin modeling) were also constructed to understand the timing of hydrocarbon generation. The results show that Pematang Formation among Sihapas and Telisa Formation has good organic content with TOC ranging from 0.2 to 42.48 wt%, and the maturity parameters indicate that the Pematang Formation has reached the mature stage. Both formations are dominated by Type II kerogen. 1D modeling of the SHT-1 Well indicates that the Pematang Formation is currently in the oil maturity window starting from early oil to main oil at 20.61 Ma, but the model of the SMB-1 Well has not reached the oil maturity window. Tectonic activity is estimated to have a significant effect on this difference when the uplift activity of Bukit Barisan in the Middle Miocene increased the maturity in the northwest, but the inversion that occurred in the Late Miocene resulted in uplift and erosion of young sediments, thus lowering the temperature in some area.
Initial Geochemical Assessment of Coaly Source Rocks in Sumatera, Java,and Kalimantan Jyalita, Jasmin; Hendra A, Donatus; Anggara, Ferian
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.72588

Abstract

In Western Indonesia’s petroleum system, one of the hydrocarbon source rocks was deposited in parallic-deltaic environment with high organic content, categorizing it as coaly source rock. This study focused on geochemical characteristics of 25 coal and coaly shale samples from rock outcrops and well representing the Central Sumatra, South Sumatra, South Central Java, Barito, and Kutai Basin, with additional data from previous studies. TOC analysis and Rock-eval Pyrolysis were carried out to reveal the geochemical characteristics and maturation pathway of the source rock. The TOC analysis results showed a value of 0.5-67.73 wt%, indicating poor-excellent source rock potential. Further rock-eval pirolysis exhibits kerogen type II/II-III (excluding samples from Ngimbang Fm.), with gas-dominated hydrocarbon. Hydrocarbon Index ranging from 4-308 mg/gC indicates possible low-moderate quantity of hydrocarbon that can be generated by the source rocks. Despite the overall fair-good source rock potential, Tmax of the samples indicates a very poor maturity level, with only Upper Talang Akar as the mature candidate. Thus, it can be concluded that young source rock candidates in Western Indonesia (limited to the basins studied in this research) initially possess potential in generating hydrocarbons, if it is not for the immature level of most coaly source rock formations.
Mineralogy and Ore Characteristics of the Kujang Pb-Zn Skarn Deposit, Sukabumi Regency, West Java Suryawan, Eka Harris; Idrus, Arifudin; Suyanto, Imam; Ilmawan, Ilham; Faruqi, M.Dzulfikar
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.78105

Abstract

The Kujang Pb-Zn skarn deposit is known to be the newest skarn deposit found in the Sunda-Banda magmatic arc. The skarn orebodies are mostly hosted by limestone which might be the part of the Jampang Formation where dacite porphyry is interpreted to be the ore causative intrusion. Orebodies are mostly found at the contact between marbleized limestone and volcanic rocks and are controlled by NW-SE-trending strike-slip faults. Previous research on the mineralogy and ore characteristics of the Kujang Prospect remains limited on the preliminary studies. Using fieldwork data, petrography, ore microscopy, and assay data from core samples, this study is aimed to characterize the mineralogy of both alteration and ore of the deposit. The alteration of the Kujang Prospect skarn can be divided into 2 phases of alteration i.e. prograde and retrograde. The prograde alteration is characterized by the occurrence of clinopyroxene, wollastonite, and vesuvianite. Garnet is present in very rare amounts. the retrograde alteration is typified by epidote, chlorite, calcite and actinolite. Metalliferous minerals are represented by sphalerite, galena, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and pyrite. All ore minerals are formed at the early retrograde stage. the deposit’s average grade is 2.06% Pb, 6.45% Zn and 1.81% Cu.
Nickel as A Strategic Mineral and Its Potential Resources in X-Field, North Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Fatimah, Dian Yesy; Her Krissanto, Juvens Yuda; Pamunga, M. Nur Alif; Nugroho, Rio P.
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.78116

Abstract

Indonesia is the world's largest producer of Nickel laterite deposits. By the regulation of UU No. 3 2020, due to its utility as the main component of batteries on electric vehicles (EV), nickel is one of the metal minerals that play important role in energy transition issues. It will drive the increasing demand for Nickel and Indonesia needs a massive exploration and specific regulation, especially for this deposit. The focus of this research is to discuss how important Ni is as a strategic mineral and its potential resources in North Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. The methods are based on field data analysis and references study.X-Field is located in Lasolo Island, North Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. This area has potential resources of Ni-laterite deposit. The lithological condition consists of a massive ultramafic igneous rock complex. The host rock has already been enriched by the serpentinization process. The geochemical analysis shows various ranges of 0.87-2.43% Ni content from different soil zone. To this day, the government regulation of Ni in a specific way as a critical mineral is still not present. The lack of data transparency (supply chain) and policy synchronization urgently need to be solved. 
Volume Estimation of the Thickest Scoriaceous Tephra-Fall Deposits on the South-Southeastern Flank of Mt. Raung Wibowo, Haryo Edi; Harijoko, Agung; Cahyani, Sherinna Mega; Moktikanana, Mradipta Lintang Alifcanta; Prawira Sari, Shafa Hadaina
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.80866

Abstract

Thick scoriaceous tephra-fall deposits are widely distributed in the south to the southeast flank of Mt. Raung, indicating the existence of past large explosive eruptions. The deposits are relatively young as the deposits are situated near the surface. Scoriaceous tephra-fall deposits can be divided into four layers from bottom to top, Scoria Fall 1, Scoria Fall 2, Scoria Fall 3, and Scoria Fall 4. There is no time gap between these layers, as evidenced by the deposits not being separated by any weathered layer or soil, suggesting that the deposits represent an eruptive product of a single active period. We estimated the volume of the deposits using isopach maps following Weibull method to identify the magnitude of the eruption. We limited the estimation only to Scoria Fall 2 and Scoria Fall 3 deposits which were consistently exposed on 13 and 9 observation points, respectively. The volume of Scoria Fall 2 is ~0.54 km3 and Scoria Fall 3 is ~0.26 km3 making the total volume of 0.8 km3 (VEI 4).
Flood Disaster Prediction Model Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in Pekalongan, Central Java. Asrofi, Muhammad; Septyandy, Muhammad Rizqy; Indra, Tito Latif
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.92417

Abstract

Pekalongan is located in the northern part of Java Island, directly adjacent to the sea in the north. Natural disasters that often occur in Pekalongan are floods, especially in the north of the area, which has a height of 0 meters above sea level. In addition, Pekalongan also has a relatively low land slope of around 0 – 5%, which makes it challenging to distribute water and construct drainage. This study aims to be able to perform predictive modeling of flood-prone areas for the next five years. This study used eight parameters: rainfall, elevation, slope, distance to the river, distance to the sea, groundwater table to surface, soil type, and land use. This research used the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method to predict rainfall parameters using the Python programming language with Jupyter Notebook software. Later, the data will be used as training and test data. Training data testing and tests are conducted to find the minimum failure or error value. The weight scoring method is carried out on each parameter to indicate areas with a high flood vulnerability level. The results showed that Pekalongan has a medium to very high vulnerability level, with a dominant high vulnerability level. The very high level of vulnerability is prevalent in the northern part of the research area, which is directly adjacent to the sea or in the North Pekalongan District. Floods that occur in the northern part of the study area are not only due to high levels of rainfall but can also occur due to the inflow of seawater towards the mainland resulting from high tides and high sea waves. The southern region of the study area has a smaller vulnerability level than the northern region, which has a medium to high vulnerability level.Keywords: Flood ∙ Hazard ∙ Precipitation ∙ LSTM ∙ Rainfall
Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Boreholes Data to Investigate the Near-Surface Structure under the Campus Area of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (Türkiye) Co ̧skun, Nart; Çakır, Özcan; Kutlu, Yusuf Arif; Erduran, Murat
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.87742

Abstract

We study the soil foundation underneath the Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University (ÇOMU) campus, Çanakkale, Türkiye by employing the electrical resistivity tomography – ERT supported by 27 boreholes data. The studied area taking place in southwest Marmara region was historically affected by large earthquakes () created by the North Anatolian Fault system. The boreholes data show that the near surface structure beneath the ÇOMU campus is made of mostly silty sands and marls. A high sensitivity resistivity instrument is used to collect the field data in which nine ERT profiles reaching lengths as long as 315 m are utilized. The current geoelectrical measurements are simulated by using two numerical models to estimate the inversion depth sensitivity from which it is found satisfactory in the depth range 0-30 m and then somewhat decreasing. The observed electrical resistivity values are in the range 2-160 W m. The geoelectrical structure corresponding to the silty sands are represented by low resistivities (<20 W m) while the high resistivity (>40 W m) depth sections are associated with the marl units. The resistivity structure beneath the ÇOMU campus is complex where both low and high resistivity depth sections reside side by side. The groundwater and clay mineralogy contribute to the broad changes in the subsurface resistivities. The groundwater flow below the steep terrain of the ÇOMU campus causes low resistivities (<10 W m) deeper than 10-m depth. The boreholes data superimposed on the two-dimensional (2-D) ERT profiles show consistency with the resistivity-depth distributions at corresponding depths.
Geochemical Characteristic of the Carbonaceous Sediments of the Upper Paleozoic Kuantan Group, Malaysia Burgan, Amer M
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.92708

Abstract

                                                   The geochemical parameters discussed in this paper are based on an average values of twelve outcrop carbonaceous samples, mainly black shales, were determined using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) techniques, representative of Charu, Sagor, and Permian formations.The aim of this study is to define and discuss their characteristics, the distribution abundance of major and minor elements, investigation the dominant mineralogical composition and reconstruct the depositional environment for these sediments.The bulk chemical result showed that, the average values of the major elements are 65.83%, 64.82 %, 71.4 % SiO2, 18.27 %, 22.2 %, 15.66 % Al2O3, 1.53 %, 0.99 %, 2.49 % Fe2O3. 4.06 %, 6.25 %, 3.66 %  K2O , whereas in the case of the miner elements, the results read values of 524.4 ppm, 758.8 ppm, 446.3 ppm Ba , 366 ppm, 399.3 ppm, 257.3 ppm Rb, 88 ppm, 67.3 ppm, 47.3 ppm Sr , 308 ppm, 288.8 ppm, 327ppm Zr for the Charu, Sagor, and Permian  formations  respectively. The major oxides reflect the dominant mineralogical composition of quartz and other silicate minerals (e.g. illite, kaolinte, smectite) and deficiency in carbonates.The high Rb/K ratio suggests brackish marine environment or rapid depositions that prevent equilibrium between Rb and K in these study shales and marine environment. The high Rb/Sr ratios of 4.16, 5.89 and 5.44 for the Charu, Sagor, and Permian formations respectively possibly attributed to the lowest contents of Sr content due to reducing environment prevailing during deposition of these sediments.                                                   
Slope Stability Analysis Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Limit Equilibrium Method: A Case Study from Girimulyo, Kulon Progo Santie, Putri Anjary Widya; Wilopo, Wahyu; Faris, Fikri
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.97467

Abstract

Girimulyo sub-district is one of the areas with high landslide risk in Kulon Progo Regency. On March 12, 2018, a landslide occurred in the area. Seven families were affected, and landslide material blocked the road. This study aims to determine slope conditions through electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and slope stability analysis using the limit equilibrium method. Based on the interpretation of the ERT profile, it is known that a layer with a resistivity value of <5 Ωm is wet clay; 5-15 Ωm is wet silt; 15-150 Ωm is silt-to-sand; and >150 Ωm is bedrock. The sliding surface is thought to be at the boundary between the wet clay and wet silt layers. The interpretation of the ERT profile is confirmed by data from laboratory tests on soil samples. Slope stability analysis was carried out using ERT profile interpretation and soil sample laboratory test data. The slope stability analysis results show that both the slopes that experienced landslides in 2018 and those that did not experience landslides were stable when the water table was 3 meters deep. However, the landslide slopes are in critical condition as the groundwater level rises, while the non-landslide slopes are remains stable.

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