cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
-
Contact Email
apghnjgai@gmail.com
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
apghnjgai@gmail.com
Editorial Address
The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Jalan Letjen S Parman Kav 87, Jakarta, Indonesia
Location
Kota adm. jakarta pusat,
Dki jakarta
INDONESIA
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
Published by Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28305442     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (APGHN) is the official journal issued by the Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (Perhimpunan Gastroenterologi, Hepatologi, dan Nutrisi Anak Indonesia). APGHN is issued four times in a year and published in English. Previously published in print form as Jurnal Gastrohepatologi Anak Indonesia (JGAI), APGHN is committed to promote scientific development in child’s health through high-quality publication and provides recent updates on pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition for health practitioners and scholars. APGHN accepts original articles, case reports, review articles, medical illustrations and clinical practice guidelines, all of which have been peer-reviewed carefully by our selected experts.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Articles 79 Documents
 4   5   6   7   8 
Effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Neurodevelopmental of Children 6-24 Months: A Case-Control Study Putri, Armitha; Mangunatmadja, Irawan; Tantri, Aida Rosita
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 4 November 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.3.4.2024.15-22

Abstract

Background: The ketogenic diet (KD) has long been prescribed to children with recurrent epilepsy due to its minimal neurotoxic effects. The side effects caused this diet to be abandoned. New diets are emerging as options such as modified Atkins diet (MAD), low glycemic index therapy (LGIT) and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT). This study compared the safety and effectiveness of the KD and these new methods. Method: Systematic review was conducted by searching databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerOpen, Cochrane, Proquest and Scopus based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Result: : A total of 439 pediatric patients aged 0 - 18 years who were intervened with a ketogenic diet compared with other dietary options. A total of five studies reported a higher mean reduction in seizure incidence >90% in children who were intervened with a ketogenic diet compared to other diets, one of which reported KD > MAD (53.3% KD vs. 26.6% MAD). Conclusion: Although KD remains effective, MAD, LGIT, MCT and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids KD (PUFAKD) diets provide comparable benefits with potential for better adherence. The classic KD group showed a higher morbidity rate; however, it demonstrated significant effectiveness in lowering the incidence of recurrent seizures in children.
Diagnostic and Management Approach of Pancreatic Pseudocyst in Children Nugraha, Marcel Aditya; Gayatri, Pramita
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 4 November 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.3.4.2024.23-32

Abstract

Background: Pancreatic pseudocyst is a fluid-filled sac within the pancreas encapsulated by fibrous tissue. Blunt-abdominal trauma is the leading risk factor in children.  Due to varied and non-specific clinical manifestations, diagnosis can be challenging. Thus, this study aimed to explain the diagnostic and management approach of pediatric pancreatic pseudocyst. Case: An 8-year-old boy presented with a 3-month history of progressive abdominal mass accompanied by abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, constipation, and weight loss. Physical examination revealed a skin-colored mass located in the epigastric region. A CT-scan confirmed a cystic lesion with well-defined borders in the pancreas. Laboratory tests indicated elevated levels of plasma amylase and lipase enzymes. The patient underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), followed by cyst drainage. Analysis of the pseudocyst fluid revealed increased amylase and lipase enzymes, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) levels. Discussion: A thorough patient history and physical examination are essential in diagnosing pancreatic pseudocyst. While CT-scan provides valuable information, EUS has higher sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis. Amylase and lipase enzymes levels are frequently elevated, and CA-19-9 can be useful, however, should be complemented with other biomarkers. Drainage is indicated for cysts that do not resolve spontaneously. Adequate nutrition is also crucial for successful patient management. Conclusion: Pancreatic pseudocysts should be considered in children with an abdominal mass following blunt-abdominal trauma. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a valuable tool for both diagnosing and assisting the management of pancreatic pseudocysts.
Refeeding Syndrome in Malnutrition – Diagnosis and Management Aini, Mei Tsarah; Yuliarti, Klara
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 4 November 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.3.4.2024.43-59

Abstract

Background: Refeeding Syndrome (RS) is a one of the potentially life-threatening complications in malnourished children. The diagnosis of RS is often challenging due to its diverse clinical manifestations. A comprehensive understanding of the risk factors, sign, symptoms and the management of RS is important to reduce morbidity and mortality. Discussion: The management of malnutrition consists of a ten-step process divided into three phases. Adherence to this protocol is important to mitigate the risk of RS. RS is a metabolic complication that occurs when malnourished children rapidly reintroduced to nutrition. This condition is characterized by a shift of electrolytes from the extracellular to the intracellular, leading to hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and thiamine deficiency. Children with RS require aggressive electrolyte and vitamin supplementation, followed by a cautious nutritional re-initiation. A gradual approach to nutritional reintroduction and electrolyte supplementation, are a critical preventive measure of RS. Conclusion: All malnourished children are at risk of RS. Recognizing its risk factors and watchful monitoring are essential for early detection and prevention of RS.
Cholestasis as Primary Manifestation of Cytomegalovirus Infection: A Case Report Handayani, Dyah Suci; Kadim, Muzal
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 4 November 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.3.4.2024.33-42

Abstract

Background: Jaundice, marked by yellow discoloration of the sclera, skin, and mucous membranes due to bilirubin accumulation, can be physiological in neonates but may also signal pathological conditions like cholestasis. Cholestasis is commonly associated with biliary atresia; however, it can arise from various causes such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Thus, this study aims to discuss the diagnostic approach on neonatal cholestasis as the main manifestation in CMV infection. Case: A 2-years-old boy referred to the hospital with chief complaint of jaundice in both eyes and skin since 4 days of age and persisted until the age of 40 days old. Abdominal ultrasound in prior hospital revealed obstruction of bile duct which indicative for biliary atresia. However, subsequent abdominal and ARFI ultrasound showed no showed results inconsistent with biliary atresia. Furthermore, other examinations indicating infection, which were confirmed as CMV infection through serological and PCR test. Patient was then treated using valganciclovir treatment. Discussion: The diagnostic approach for cholestasis includes comprehensive anamnesis and physical examination, laboratory tests including complete blood count, bilirubin levels, liver function analysis, and coagulation factors, as well as ultrasound. CMV infection should be considered a potential cause of neonatal cholestasis, even in the absence of specific manifestations beyond jaundice and gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion: CMV infection can present solely with cholestasis and gastrointestinal symptoms, without other typical CMV manifestations. Thus, comprehensive evaluation, CMV screening, and careful assessment of the patient’s condition are essential for accurate management.
Pediatrics Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Profile in Riau in 2020 and 2021 Deddy Satriya Putra
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 1 February 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.1.2025.1-7

Abstract

Background: Children's limited communication skills when expressing complaints often limit healthcare practitioners in making diagnoses and treatment decisions, particularly regarding gastrointestinal issues.  Endoscopy is a valuable tool for determining the appropriate course of action in these cases. This study aims to describe the characteristics of pediatric patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures in Riau between 2020 and 2021. Methods: This retrospective study used secondary data from endoscopy registries and patient medical records at two tertiary hospitals in Riau between Januari 2020 to December 2021. Results: A total of 114 patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2020 to 2021. It was found that the adolescent age group (42%) was the most frequently encountered group. The female sex (65%) was more prevalent than male. Meanwhile, the most common problem encountered was abdominal pain (57%). Gastroscopy alone was the most frequently performed procedure in this study (65%), with the most common endoscopic finding being hyperemic gastritis (54%). Conclusion: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in pediatric patients is a safe and very helpful procedure in diagnostics and therapeutics.
Multiple Thrombi in Portal Vein with Protein C and Protein S Deficiency: A Case Report Rose Diana Kusumawati, Ninung; Juwita Pratiwi
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 1 February 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.1.2025.8-22

Abstract

Background: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare but significant cause of the gastrointestinal bleeding, often leading to delayed diagnosis due to its subtle presentation. PVT can result in portal hypertension, which cause the formation of portosystemic collaterals as a compensatory mechanism. Deficiencies in protein C and protein S are recognized as risk factor for PVT. This study aims to describe a rare underlying condition of PVT in children. Case: A 14-year-old boy presented with recurrent hematemesis and melena over the past eight years. Physical examination revealed no epigastric pain but showed splenomegaly. Laboratory findings showed pancytopenia, mildly elevated AST, prolonged plasma prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, increased INR, and low protein C and S. Endoscopic evaluation revealed esophageal and fundal varices, with portal hypertensive gastropathy. Multi-slice CT (MSCT) confirmed thrombosis in the main, right, and left portal veins, supporting the diagnosis of PVT. The patient was also diagnosed with an underlying myeloproliferative disorder, further contributing to his condition. Discussion: Protein C and S deficiency is a prominent risk factor of PVT. Identification of risk factors is essential to accurately treat the condition and prevent worse outcomes. Imaging modalities remain essential for diagnosing PVT. Management focuses on treating complication, particularly those related to portal hypertension, with endoscopic variceal ligation as the preferred treatment. Conclusion: Comprehensive investigation on etiology and risk factors, close monitoring and individualized treatment are essential in PVT management, especially in pediatric patients.
Current Evidence of Probiotics in Pediatrics with Short Bowel Syndrome, Is It Safe and Beneficial? A Literature Review Andhary, Vianca Samara; Razan, Rafi Alfian; Partiwi, I Gusti Ayu Nyoman
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 1 February 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.1.2025.23-30

Abstract

Background: Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) presents significant challenges in pediatric care, particularly due to its high incidence in neonates and the associated health burdens, including elevated mortality rates primarily from hepatic failure and sepsis. SBS in infants and young children primarily arises from congenital defects or acquired conditions that necessitate significant bowel resection. The predominant cause of SBS during the neonatal period is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), accounting for 35% to 50% of cases. In older children, SBS is frequently associated with midgut volvulus or traumatic injuries. Discussion: Managing pediatric SBS requires a multidisciplinary approach that involves evaluating dietary, pharmacology, and surgical factors. Key strategies focus on improving absorptive capacity, promoting intestinal adaptation, and regulating bowel motility. In infants and young children, SBS often leads to a range of complications, including nutrient deficiencies, fluid imbalances, and growth delays. The condition necessitates careful medical management to address these challenges and promote optimal health outcomes. Recent studies have investigated probiotics as an adjuvant treatment for SBS, demonstrating enhanced growth, nutritional status, and inhibition of harmful microbes in afflicted children Conclusion: The use of probiotics in children with SBS has shown both safety and beneficial effects, making it a feasible alternative therapy in routine medical practice. However, the lack of significant clinical data highlights the need for more study to better understand the efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of SBS.
Acute Intestinal Obstruction Due to Ascariasis in a Child: A Case from a Resource Limited Setting Andriani, Christin; Syamsul Munir, Awliya; Utami, Ni Made Dwiyathi
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 1 February 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.1.2025.31-40

Abstract

Background: Ascariasis remains a widespread and frequently undiagnosed condition, with most cases being asymptomatic. However, severe manifestations can result in total or partial intestinal obstruction. In resource-limited settings, diagnosis primarily depends on clinical presentation, stool examination, and basic radiographic imaging. Case: A three-year-old child from rural Southwest Sumba presented with vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and constipation. Physical examination, faecal examination, and imaging revealed partial small bowel obstruction due to an Ascaris bolus, complicated by mild to moderate dehydration. Following conservative management including fluid resuscitation, NPO status, NGT insertion, and single dose albendazole, the patient passed numerous worms, improved clinically, and was discharged on day five. Discussion: This case report highlights the diagnostic and management challenges of a severe form of ascariasis that caused partial small bowel obstruction in a resource-limited setting. The patient's differential diagnoses included intussusception, mesenteric cyst, and abdominal tuberculosis. The patient presented with risk factors including young age, frequent barefoot contact with soil, poverty, residence in an area with limited access to water and healthcare, and a lack of participation in deworming programs. Through clinical assessment, the patient was successfully managed with conservative treatment and antihelminthic therapy. Conclusion: While small bowel obstruction presents a diagnostic challenge with a wide range of differential diagnoses, ascariasis offers distinct risk factors and can be readily confirmed with basic diagnostic tools. Ascariasis remains a significant public health issue, highlighting the urgent need for intensified community education on hygiene and improved public health infrastructure in Southwest Sumba.
Impact of Probiotics or Synbiotics Supplementation on Weight Gain and Diarrhea in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Sabrina, Hermelien; Tsania, Nadira Muthi; Prasadajudio, Mirari
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 1 February 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.1.2025.41-50

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition remains a critical global health concern, with both short- and long-term consequences. Children suffering from malnutrition frequently exhibit gut dysfunction, which leads to growth retardation, impaired absorption of essential nutrients and vitamins, and immune dysfunction. Diarrhea is one of the most common conditions in children with malnutrition and can further worsen their condition. Probiotics have been proposed as a potential adjunctive therapy in malnutrition due to their role in modulating gut microbiota. This study aims to evaluate the effects of probiotics on weight gain and diarrhea specifically in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar) using relevant keywords. Data were extracted and analyzed using Review Manager for meta-analysis. Result: Four studies, encompassing a total 1662 patient met the inclusion criteria. Probiotics are proven to reduce significantly the duration of diarrhea and improve the recovery (SMD -0.70; 95% CI -0.89 to -0.50; I² = 0%, p < 0.00001). However, they are not diminishing the incidence of diarrhea. Moreover, this study concluded that the use of probiotics or synbiotics did not significantly impact weight gain. Conclusion: Probiotics demonstrated efficacy in reducing the duration of diarrhea, but not its incidence, potentially contributing to improved recovery outcomes. However, their impact on weight gain in children with SAM remains inconclusive. Further research with larger studies is warranted to identify factors influencing probiotic efficacy and to explore their potential role in the comprehensive management of SAM.
Endoscopic Management of a Distal Ileal Foreign Body in a Child with Developmental Delay - A Case Report Lenagala, Anuradha; Samarasena, Jeewan
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 2 May 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.2.2025.73-77

Abstract

Background: Foreign body ingestion is a common problem in the paediatric age group, with most cases involving the upper gastrointestinal tract. Foreign bodies that pass through the oesophagus can be safely observed. Impaction in the bowel can cause intestinal obstruction or perforation. Complicated foreign bodies can be retrieved either surgically or endoscopically. Case: A 4-year-and-6-month-old girl with multiple medical conditions presented four days after the ingestion of two foreign bodies (Hair pins). The child was irritable and experienced a vague lower abdominal pain, which was more pronounced in the right iliac fossa (RIF). With conservative management and a rectal enema one foreign body passed with stool. Over the next day she exhibited increasing distress and worsening RIF tenderness. Colonoscopy without air insufflation revealed an impacted foreign body in the distal ileum about 10cm from the ileocecal valve. Successful retrieval improved her clinical status, and she was discharged two days later. Discussion: Blunt foreign bodies that passed beyond the duodenum require intervention only if they fail to pass in a standard time frame or if a complication arises. Initial conservative management was attempted as she did not have features of generalized peritonism. However, colonoscopy was performed due to worsening distress and localized peritoneal signs, especially given her complex medical background. The procedure was conducted without gas insufflation to avoid pneumoperitoneum in the event of a potential intestinal perforation. Successful retrieval alleviated her clinical symptoms. Conclusion: Colonoscopy with ileal intubation is an effective method for retrieving impacted distal ileal foreign bodies in patients with localized peritoneal signs.

Page 6 of 8 | Total Record : 79

 4   5   6   7   8 

Filter by Year

2022 2026


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): APGHN Vol. 5 No. 1 February 2026 Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 4 November 2025 Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 3 August 2025 Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 2 May 2025 Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 1 February 2025 Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 4 November 2024 Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 3 August 2024 Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 2 May 2024 Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 1 February 2024 Vol. 2 No. 4 (2023): APGHN Vol. 2 No. 4 November 2023 Vol. 2 No. 3 (2023): APGHN Vol. 2 No. 3 August 2023 Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): APGHN Vol. 2 No. 2 May 2023 Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): APGHN Vol. 2 No. 1 February 2023 Vol. 1 No. 3 (2022): APGHN Vol. 1 No. 3 November 2022 Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): APGHN Vol. 1 No. 2 August 2022 Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): APGHN Vol. 1 No. 1 May 2022 More Issue