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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
Razan, Rafi Alfian
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Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Effectiveness of Vaccines Booster Against Infection, Severe Disease and Death Related to COVID-19 : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Khalisha, Mujahidah; Putri, Melvanda Gisela; Ramadhani, Zulfa Nurfitri; Siahaan, Paulus Parholong; Razan, Rafi Alfian; Antari, Ratna Devi; Hanifah, Adiba Hasna; Utomo, Budi; Fauziyah, Shifa; Muthu, Pandaram
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v12i2.45606

Abstract

COVID-19 is an infectious disease as a result of a kind of corona virus. COVID-19 is now a pandemic affecting many countries. This study aims to know the effectiveness of booster vaccines to reduce the severity of illness, confirm infection, hospitalization, death in humans infected with COVID-19. For Specific purpose, to analyze the severity of COVID-19 disease in humans by booster and without booster. The design of this study was a systematic review and meta-analysis based on observational studies, published in databases such as Pubmed, Embase, MedRxiv, Nature and Scopus. In the search for articles, the limitations of 2021 to 2022 are used. This research was analyzed quantitatively through the Review Manager 5.4.1 program. Study was taken from 13 journals that met the criteria for a meta-analysis. With the population aged over 18 years, and using the type of vaccine BNT162b2 or mRNA. The population of this study came from Israel, Italy, England, Qatar, Brazil, Turkey, Puerto-Rico, Northern Bangkok, Vicinities and Thailand. Significant results were obtained for each outcome. The OR values of BNT162b2 booster vaccine against confirmed infection OR 0.16 (95% CI 0.06 – 0.45), against symptomatic disease 0.22 (95% CI 0.11 – 0.44), against asymptomatic disease OR 0.72 (95% CI 0.69 – 0.74), against hospitalization OR 0.12 (95% CI 0.06 – 0.22), against severe disease OR 0.15 (95% CI 0.07 – 0.33), and against death OR 0.10 (95% CI 0.04 – 0.31). Administration booster vaccines is effective in reducing infection rates, disease severity, and deaths from COVID-19. 
Is the Ketogenic Diet Effective and Safe in Children with Intractable Epilepsy? A Systematic Review Razan, Rafi Alfian; Hanindita, Meta Herdiana; Ramadhani, Ayuning Tetirah; Putri, Melvanda Gisela; Harum, Nabila Annisa; Nurrosyida, Kartika
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 4 November 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.3.4.2024.1-14

Abstract

Background: The ketogenic diet (KD) has long been prescribed to children with recurrent epilepsy due to its minimal neurotoxic effects. The side effects caused this diet to be abandoned. New diets are emerging as options such as modified Atkins diet (MAD), low glycemic index therapy (LGIT) and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT). This study compared the safety and effectiveness of the KD and these new methods. Method: Systematic review was conducted by searching databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerOpen, Cochrane, Proquest and Scopus based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Result: : A total of 439 pediatric patients aged 0 - 18 years who were intervened with a ketogenic diet compared with other dietary options. A total of five studies reported a higher mean reduction in seizure incidence >90% in children who were intervened with a ketogenic diet compared to other diets, one of which reported KD > MAD (53.3% KD vs. 26.6% MAD). Conclusion: Although KD remains effective, MAD, LGIT, MCT and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids KD (PUFAKD) diets provide comparable benefits with potential for better adherence. The classic KD group showed a higher morbidity rate; however, it demonstrated significant effectiveness in lowering the incidence of recurrent seizures in children.
Current Evidence of Probiotics in Pediatrics with Short Bowel Syndrome, Is It Safe and Beneficial? A Literature Review Andhary, Vianca Samara; Razan, Rafi Alfian; Partiwi, I Gusti Ayu Nyoman
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 1 February 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.1.2025.23-30

Abstract

Background: Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) presents significant challenges in pediatric care, particularly due to its high incidence in neonates and the associated health burdens, including elevated mortality rates primarily from hepatic failure and sepsis. SBS in infants and young children primarily arises from congenital defects or acquired conditions that necessitate significant bowel resection. The predominant cause of SBS during the neonatal period is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), accounting for 35% to 50% of cases. In older children, SBS is frequently associated with midgut volvulus or traumatic injuries. Discussion: Managing pediatric SBS requires a multidisciplinary approach that involves evaluating dietary, pharmacology, and surgical factors. Key strategies focus on improving absorptive capacity, promoting intestinal adaptation, and regulating bowel motility. In infants and young children, SBS often leads to a range of complications, including nutrient deficiencies, fluid imbalances, and growth delays. The condition necessitates careful medical management to address these challenges and promote optimal health outcomes. Recent studies have investigated probiotics as an adjuvant treatment for SBS, demonstrating enhanced growth, nutritional status, and inhibition of harmful microbes in afflicted children Conclusion: The use of probiotics in children with SBS has shown both safety and beneficial effects, making it a feasible alternative therapy in routine medical practice. However, the lack of significant clinical data highlights the need for more study to better understand the efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of SBS.
Co-Authors Andhary, Vianca Samara Antari, Ratna Devi Budi Utomo Hanifah, Adiba Hasna Hanindita, Meta Herdiana Harum, Nabila Annisa I Gusti Ayu Nyoman Partiwi, I Gusti Ayu Nyoman Khalisha, Mujahidah Muthu, Pandaram Nurrosyida, Kartika Putri, Melvanda Gisela Ramadhani, Ayuning Tetirah Ramadhani, Zulfa Nurfitri Shifa Fauziyah Siahaan, Paulus Parholong