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Prof. Diah Ayu Maharani, DDS, PhD
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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 270 Documents
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Associated Factors Related to Self-Management Behaviors among People with Type 2 Diabetes in Myanmar Oo, Aye Nyein; Lininger, Jiraporn; Leelacharas, Sirirat
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Diabetes is a global health concern that affects individuals and the healthcare system. This study aimed to describe the relationships between personal and environmental factors and self-management behaviors in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This research included 100 individuals with T2DM who were recruited through convenient sampling from three government hospitals in Myanmar. Data collection was fulfilled using a standardized interviewer-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic information, the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale, the New Short-Form Health Literacy Instrument, the 24-item version of the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire, the Social Support Questionnaire, and the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activity. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Pearson’s correlation, and Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient. Results: Self-efficacy (r = 0.375, p < 0.01), health literacy (r = 0.43, p < 0.01), diabetes knowledge (r = 0.461, p < 0.01), and social support (r = 0.337, p < 0.01) were significantly related to self-management behavior. Conclusions: This study indicates the importance of enhancing self-management behaviors, self-efficacy, health literacy, diabetes knowledge, and social support for individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Future studies should focus on the prediction or interventions to explore the relationship between personal and environmental factors and self-management behaviors among T2DM individuals in Myanmar.
Contraceptive Methods in Diabetic Women Referring to Government Diabetes Clinics in Northern Iran Mansour-Ghanaei, Roya; Donyaei-Mobarrez, Yalda; Abouzari-Gazafroodi, Kobra
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Unwanted pregnancies in diabetic women can endanger the mother and the fetus. The present study was conducted to determine contraceptive methods for diabetic women referred to government diabetes clinics in the north of Iran. Methods: A total of 153 diabetic women referred to government clinics in Guilan were included in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire made by the researcher regarding personal and social information and information related to contraceptive methods was administered. Data were analyzed analytically using SPSS version 19. Results: The findings of the present study revealed that 87.6% of diabetic women used contraceptive methods, of which 44.4% utilized low-effective contraceptive methods (withdrawal method and condoms), and 43.2% opted for highly effective contraceptive methods (tubal ligation, oral contraceptive pill, intrauterine device, and vasectomy). Decision regarding the choice of contraceptive methods was mainly made by couples, followed by consultation with a doctor. Conclusions: A relatively high percentage of diabetic women use less effective contraceptive methods, and the decision to use contraceptive methods is made mainly by couples. Therefore, targeted reproductive health interventions and providing counseling services as part of medical care for diabetic women seem necessary.
Age, Body Mass Index, Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Turkish Pregnant Woman with and Without a Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Study Tayyar, Yaren Nur; Kahyaoglu Sut, Hatice
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Abstract

Background: This study aimed to examine and compare the age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), and quality of life (QOL) of third-trimester Turkish pregnant women with and without a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A comparative study was conducted in the obstetrics clinic of a university hospital in Turkey, and it included 210 women (GDM women = 105 and non-GDM women = 105). Personal Information Form, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ), and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Short Form-Turkish (WHOQOL-Bref-TR) were used. Results: The age and BMI of GDM women were higher than those of non-GDM (p < 0.05). The results show that non-GDM women in their third trimester had higher scores on the WHOQOL-Bref-TR domains compared with those with GDM (p < 0.05). Among GDM women, a significant positive correlation was observed among WHOQOL-Bref-TR psychological (r = 0.77, p < 0.05) and environmental (r = 0.85, p < 0.05) domains and moderate IPAQ scores. A moderate positive correlation was detected among physical, psychological, social relations, environmental domains of WHOQOL-Bref-TR, and walking and total score in IPAQ (r = 0.39–0.54, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Local health policies should focus on community education programs, such as regular PA based on BMI and age, for the positive QOL of GDM women.
Obesity, Overweight Rates, and Related Factors Among Adults in the Rustic Realm of Western India Patel, Monika; Kagathara, Jimmy; Gupta, Eshwar Kumar; Kagathara, Nancy; Mehta, Jitesh; Parmar, Dipesh
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Background: Obesity and overweight pose significant challenges in developing countries, underscoring the need for evidence-based prevention strategies. This study focuses on assessing the prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity in the rural areas of Jamnagar district, Gujarat, India. Methods: Data collection encompassed six tehsils within Jamnagar district, with primary health center selection via simple random sampling. Individual selection employed the consecutive sampling approach. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Regression analysis was employed to identify the independent factors linked to overweight and obesity. Results: The analysis included 408 participants, revealing a higher obesity prevalence among men (20.8% vs 13.5%). Strong evidence suggests that married and physically inactive individuals have 2.8 times higher odds of being overweight or obese. After thorough adjustments, homemakers and physically inactive individuals had 5.9-fold higher odds. Conclusions: The study findings illuminate a pronounced prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in the study area, signifying an emerging issue that necessitates prompt attention.
Attitudes Toward Caring for Older Adults among Undergraduate Nursing Students at a Public University in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Ismail, Azera Hasra; Hussein, Siti Zuhaida; Mohamed Yasi, Aslina; Ishak, Nurul Izzati; Mohd Yazar, Nurul Nazira; Sabri, Nur Syafiqah
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Background: The growing number of elderly members of the population is expected to increase the demand for more dedicated nursing students committed to providing excellent care. This study aims to determine prevailing attitudes toward the care of older adults among undergraduate nursing students at a public university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 107 undergraduate nursing students enrolled at a public university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The students were recruited using stratified random sampling. The respondents’ attitudes toward caring for older adults were measured using 14 items from the Geriatrics Attitudes Scale Survey Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using IBM® SPSS® Statistic V.26.0, in which p < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: The mean total score of attitudes was 46.64 (SD = 4.87), and 88.2% of respondents had a positive attitude. A significant relationship was observed between attitudes toward caring for older adults and years of study (p = 0.015, U = 10.416). Conclusions: The majority of undergraduate students had positive attitudes toward caring for older adults. Early clinical practice and geriatric education are needed to ensure that older adults will receive the best and most efficient care and treatment in the future.
Health Profession Education Students’ Satisfaction toward Online Courses during the COVID-19 Pandemic Soemantri, Diantha; Salsabila, Zhafirah; Yorasaki, Vernonia
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Background: Given the extensive use of e-learning, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, a validated instrument is deemed important for continuous evaluation. This study aimed to measure health profession education students’ satisfaction toward the e-learning process within all health sciences cluster (HSC) courses, following further validation of the satisfaction scale for the e-learning process. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to validate the 29-item Indonesian version of the satisfaction scale for the e-learning process. That the validated tool was used to measure 2,471 students’ satisfaction toward the e-learning process. Results: The EFA resulted in 19 items divided into three subscales: the teaching process (5 items), the instructional content (4 items), and the interaction and evaluation (10 items). The scores of students’ satisfaction toward the e-learning process are at 84–94% of the possible maximum score of the whole instrument or each subscale. Conclusions: The Indonesian version of the satisfaction scale for the e-learning process serves as a valid tool to measure students’ satisfaction toward e-learning. Current students have relatively good perceptions toward e-learning used in all HSC courses, including the interaction domain, which is an important aspect in an e-learning system. Strategies are warranted to maintain and further improve the e-learning process.
Relationships between Nursing Students’ Attitudes Toward the Nursing Profession, Fear of COVID-19, and Intolerance of Uncertainty: A Cross-sectional Study Terzi, Banu; Azizoğlu, Fatma; Seven, Çağla
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Background: Nursing students were caught unprepared for the COVID-19 pandemic. Both the inability to control the epidemic and the interruption of education caused students to experience fear, anxiety, and uncertainty. This study investigates the relationships between nursing students’ attitudes toward the nursing profession and their fear of COVID-19 and intolerance of uncertainty. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 727 nursing students who were members of the Student Nurses Association and who volunteered to participate in the research. Research data were collected using the Student Information Form, The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12), and the Attitudes Towards Nursing Profession Scale. Results: Statistically significant positive relationships were found between the fear of COVID-19 and intolerance of uncertainty levels (p < 0.01) and attitudes toward the nursing profession in general (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Students had a mid-level of fear of COVID-19, a high level of intolerance of uncertainty, and positive attitudes toward the nursing profession. To decrease nursing students’ intolerance of uncertainty during pandemic-like crisis situations, preventive and reformative activities should be planned.
Factors Associated with Postacute COVID-19 Syndrome Among Patients in Malaysia Ballasingam, Ahtheemathurra; Islahudin, Farida; Abdul Aziz, Siti Azdiah; Makmor-Bakry, Mohd
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Background: Post-acute COVID-19 is known to affect multiple organs. It is essential to determine factors that affect post-acute COVID-19 syndrome and medications needed by patients for optimized care. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among patients recruited by stratified sampling from two COVID-19 hospitals in Malaysia. Patients were followed up for 6 months using a standard questionnaire to identify demographics, symptoms, medications taken, and factors associated with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Results: A total of 388 were successfully followed up. The most frequently reported symptom was respiratory symptoms (N = 168, 43.30%), of which cough (N = 134, 34.54%) was the most common. After 12 weeks of follow-up, respiratory syndrome (N = 56,14.43%) was frequently reported, of which cough (N = 41, 10.57%) was the most common. For respiratory syndrome, patients were commonly managed with diphenhydramine cough suppressants (N = 6, 1.55%, month 4) and metered dose inhaler (MDI) salbutamol (N = 7, 1.8%, month 4). The risk factors for post-acute COVID-19 syndrome were increased by 1.02 times (95% CI: 1.01, 1.04) with each advanced year of age and 2.87 times (95%CI: 1.51–5.48) in the presence of co-morbidities. Conclusions: Post-acute COVID-19 causes multiorgan involvement, and symptoms may remain for months, with patients taking various medications. Patients with risk factors should be monitored closely for post-acute COVID-19 symptoms.
Influenza Prevalence and Risk Factors: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study Balakrishnan, Kiran Ganesh; Abd Manaf, Mohd Rizal; Hassan, Mohd Rohaizat; Musa, Mohd Kamarul Imran; Mohamad Jamil, Azizul Rahman; Abdul Rahim, Norhaslira; Satariah Ali, Umi Kalsom; Jamal, Rahman
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Background: Influenza infection can lead to mortality and morbidity. In densely populated Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the transmission of influenza-like illness (ILI) is high. This study assessed the prevalence and epidemiology of influenza in the target population. Methods: A cross-sectional convenience sample study was conducted in government clinics of Cheras, Malaysia, from November 1, 2022, to February 28, 2023. Consent was sought from patients older than 18 years with symptoms of ILI (fever, cough, and onset within 10 days). A nasopharyngeal swab preceded an influenza rapid test. Logistic regression was used in SPSS 22.0 to evaluate the data. Results: Among 438 patients, 55 (12.6%) tested positive for influenza type B, 9 (2%) tested positive for type A, and 374 (85.4%) were negative. Patients in the group that was 10 years older than the younger group had 1.47 times the odds of having influenza. The odds of positive influenza rose 1.133 times per unit of body mass index (BMI). Patients with chronic lung illness were 6.7 times (95% confidence interval, 2.742–16.287) more likely to test positive for influenza. Sex and smoking history did not affect the rate of influenza infection (p > 0.05). Conclusions: An association was found between age, BMI, and chronic lung disease with influenza infection but not with sex or smoking.
Attitudes toward Persons with Disabilities and Disability Awareness of University Students Providing Healthcare Öksüz, Canan Ertemoğlu; Uzun, Özlem Kanber; Kalkışım, Şahi Nur; Zihni, Nihat Burak
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 27, No. 3
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Background: This study aims to determine the attitudes and disability awareness of university students who provide health services to persons with disabilities. Methods: This study included 291 volunteer students studying at the Vocational School of Health Services, Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), and conducting clinical practice at KTU Farabi Hospital. A sociodemographic form was used to determine the individual characteristics of the students included in this study, and the Attitudes toward Disabled Persons Scale (ATDP) was applied to determine their attitudes toward persons with disabilities. Results: The students’ average ATDP score was 61.75 ± 12.34. Statistically significant differences were found among situations wherein the students had chronic diseases, participated in disability-related education, and their ATDP scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study shows that our students have few prejudices against persons with disabilities and can empathize with them at a sufficient level. In addition, our students have an awareness of people with disabilities, and this awareness can be increased. Disability-related regulations should be introduced into educational curricula, and additional awareness-raising activities should be provided to improve the attitudes of healthcare students toward persons with disabilities.

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