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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 36, No 6 (2020)" : 6 Documents clear
PENGELOLAAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PENGUNGSI PASCA GEMPA DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR Nurhidayati Nurhidayati; Retna Siwi Padmawati; Abdul Wahab
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 36, No 6 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.45761

Abstract

Background: MISP (minimum initial service package) is a guideline for post-disaster reproductive health services. After the earthquake in East Lombok Regency, reproductive health services, according to the MISP standards, need to be seen. Suppose the condition does not comply with the standard. In that case, it will cause many pregnant and lactating women and infants and toddlers to be threatened with the quality of their health and safety. It will have an impact on increased maternal and infant mortality rates.Purpose: Describe the management of reproductive health in pregnant women, women giving birth / postpartum mothers with newborns among IDP victims of the earthquake disaster in East Lombok Regency.Research Methods: This research is a qualitative study with a case study design. In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 informants consisting of 6 stakeholders from the East Lombok District Health Office, four service providers, nine service recipients, and two cross-sectoral. Secondary data and document studies were also used as data sources.Result: Most informants have never heard of the term MISP, and the management of IDPs' reproductive health after the earthquake was not well organized. The organizational structure for managing the district-level health care program, both during the emergency response and rehabilitation phase, has not yet been formed. However, health workers' types of service activities such as midwives, nurses, and doctors from unaffected puskesmas are still running. These activities include ANC, delivery assistance, high-risk detection, and case referral. Family planning services and contraceptives, and the need for romance tents are not provided. As a result, there was an increase in mothers and neonates' high-risk cases and an increase in pregnant women K1 during the rehabilitation period. Provision of the "Kespro" tent for delivery services, pregnant women, and maternity services is available in collaboration with overseas organizations, but there is only one for the entire district. Apart from limited facilities and logistics and sanitation, officers are also less sensitive to other basic needs.Conclusion: There is a gap between the services provided and the minimum initial service package, which is the standard for reproductive health services in crisis times. Preparation of the local government through the relevant regional apparatus organizations is required to immediately prepare a Disaster Management Plan at all stages, starting from comprehensive mitigation, contingency, emergency response, and rehabilitation plan.  
BARRIERS OF COMMUNITY-BASED TUBERCULOSIS ACTIVE CASE FINDING ACTIVITIES AT HEALTH VOLUNTEER LEVEL IN BANTUL DISTRICT, INDONESIA; AN IMPLEMENTATION RESEARCH
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 36, No 6 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.53841

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) incidence still quite high over the world and Indonesia ranks third highest in the world. Bantul district the TB case finding in 2017 was 39.64%, under the national target in 70% rate. Along with the WHO End TB goal by 2035 encouraging more massive findings of TB cases, Active Case Finding (ACF) is increasingly recognized as a complement to Passive Case Finding (PCF). Involvement of Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) in the TB case finding has proven as one of an effective strategy to capture the presumptive TB cases. Meanwhile, CHVs performance has not been optimal, reflected from the low TB detection rate. Little is known about contextual factors that influence their implementation and perceptions regarding the involvement of CHVs in TB ACF. This study aims to explore the barriers of community-based TB ACF at health volunteer level. The study design was qualitative study. The research sample was taken by purposive sampling. Data collected by conduct IDI for health provider and FGD for CHVs. The results show there are several factors that influence implementation outcomes formulated in multilevel framework. The barriers in structural factors including lack of stake holder commitment following with lack of funding. From PHC factors the barriers are unclear organization of TB team, lack of communication with CHVs, over workload in PHC staff, and not every PHC have monitoring and evaluation for CHVs. While from CHV factors the barrier comes from different knowledge level and lack of confidence due to the gap of CHV training in every PHC, also they still facing stigma in community and lack of coordination with health provider. Then from the program factors there is different guidelines for community-based TB ACF that affected to unequally program delivery, this result in not optimal in conducted the TB ACF. Strong collaboration between CHVs and PHC is needed in the handling of TB cases but it still needs to pay attention to the local context and the resources. Although it is recognized the importance of CHV in TB case finding, barriers are still found in every factors and need appropriate intervention to enhance CHV performance in supporting community-based TB ACF.
PENGETAHUAN IBU MERUPAKAN FAKTOR RISIKO GIZI BURUK PADA ANAK USIA 6-59 BULAN DI DAERAH PESISIR KOTA KENDARI Juminten Saimin; Ahmad Fahmi Nugraha; Ashaeryanto Ashaeryanto; Asmarani Asmarani
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 36, No 6 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.55092

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of mother’s knowledge on the incidence of malnutrition in children aged 6-59 months in the coastal areas of Kendari.Method: This was a case control study conducted in the coastal area of Kendari in November to December 2018. Cases were children aged 6-59 months with malnutrition, while controls were children with good nutrition. The data was obtained from the medical records of Abeli, Mata and Benu-Benua Health Center from January to October 2018. Malnutrition was determined by Z-score (body weight/age). A total of 16 cases were taken with total sampling and 48 controls were taken with purposive sampling with non-matching method according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Mother's knowledge was determined using the modification questionnaire. Data analysis with statistical tests assessing Odd Ratio (OR), with a 2x2 contingency table and a 95% confidence level with a significance level of α = 0.05. This study was approved by the Medical and Health Research Ethics Commission of Halu Oleo University.Results: Most cases of malnutrition were aged 25-48 months. The majority of respondents aged 20-35 years old, consisting of cases (50,0%) and controls (64,6%). The majority of maternal education levels were primary education in the case group (75,0%) and secondary education in the control group (47.9%). The majority of the case groups had less knowledge (81.3%) while the control group had good knowledge (68.7%). Statistical test results obtained OR = 9.533 (CI=95%) with Lower Limit (2.361) and Upper Limit (38.501). Conclusion: Mother’s knowledge is a risk factor for malnutrition in children aged 6-59 months in the coastal areas of Kendari. Mothers with less nutritional knowledge are at 9 times the risk of having children with poor nutrition. A counseling program is needed to improve maternal nutrition knowledge.Keywords: children, coastal areas, malnutrition, mother’s knowledge
The Role of Tuberculosis Cadres in the Tuberculosis Control Program in Medan City Nur Asiyah Nasution; Lita Sri Andayani; Kintoko Rochadi Rochadi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 36, No 6 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (41.542 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.55207

Abstract

Background. North Sumatra Province is included in the top seven provinces in Indonesia with a high TB incidence rate. Prevalence of pulmonary TB based on a doctor's diagnosis history of 0.30%, Case Notification Rate (CNR) for smear pulmonary TB is 104.3 per 100,000, success rate of treatment (SR) reached 91.31 percent. The percentage of TB cure in 2017 of 82.40 percent, is considered to be lower compared in 2016 of 85.52 percent. Purpose. The purpose of study was to analyze the role of TB cadres in TB control programs in Medan City. Method. This research was an observational analytic with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all cadres in Belawan Health Center (25 cadres), Helvetia Health Center (28 cadres), Amplas Health Center (24 cadres), Glugur Darat Health Center (24 cadres) and Sering Health Centre (24 cadres) totaling 125 cadres. Result. There is an influence of knowledge, attitudes and actions of Tuberculosis cadres on the role of Tuberculosis cadres. The results of multivariate analysis of knowledge with p = 0.014, attitude with p = 0,001, actions with p = 0.010. Conclusion. Behavioral factors, namely cadre attitudes become the dominant factor influencing the role of TB cadres with p = 0.014 and Exp (B) = 14.651. Suggested to health center do coaching and training, and position cadres as partners.
Factors that Influence the Implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Ali Imron; Ida Yustina; Etti Sudaryati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 36, No 6 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (450.192 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.55443

Abstract

Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB) is placing the baby in the mother's stomach immediately after birth in a position of skin contact with the mother in an hour after birth, if there is no medical indication. RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan was one of the government hospitals, education, national referrals, and plenary status had implementing EIB. Achievement of EIB in this hospital decreased from (27.71%) in 2016 to (23.08%) in 2017. The purpose of this study was to explore the implementation of EIB in RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan. This was a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews. The informants were 6 people, consisting of 2 midwives and 1 structural official in medical services, 2 patients and 1 gynecologist. Implementation of EIB in the hospital wasn’t going well, the factors that influence EIB were communication, disposition and management’s function. The successful implementation of EIB can reduce maternal and infant mortality rates, suggested to RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan forms a special team to monitoring and evaluates the implementation of EIB, set and carry out sanctions for implementation of EIB, and increases the competence and motivation of health workers.
EVALUASI USABILITY APLIKASI “MUGITELAS” Ridna Tri Widyaningrum; Tony Arjuna; Anis Fuad
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 36, No 6 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.55733

Abstract

AbstrakLatar Belakang :  Seperti yang distandarkan dalam akreditasi RS, ahli gizi harus melakukan monitoring evaluasi terhadap asugan gizi diantaranya mengamati sisa makanan pasien, karena berimplikasi klinis seperti asupan yang tidak adeqwat, memperpanjang hari perawatan, meningkatkan biaya,  membuang sisa makanan yang sia-sia dan  berakibat kematian. Sayangnya, kegiatan evaluasi sisa makanan sering tidak dilakukan karena metode yang selama digunakan membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk dikerjakan. RSU Haji Surabaya telah mencoba membuat aplikasi “Mugitelas” yaitu untuk evaluasi sisa makanan  dan asupan pasien  belum diuji usabilitas dan efisiensinya.Tujuan  :   Mengetahui usabilitas dan efisiensi waktu dari aplikasi “Mugitelas”.Metode  : Untuk mengetahui usabilitas dengan diskriptif kwantitatif menggunakan System Usability Scale (SUS) sedangkan untuk meneliti efisiensi waktu menggunakan quasi eksperimental sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan aplikasi dengan menggunakan paired t-test dan Univariate Multi way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).Hasil : Dari uji usabilitas didapat angka 88 yang berarti aplikasi “Mugitelas” ini dapat diterima untuk digunakan sebagai alat pengamatan sisa makanan  dan menaksir nilai gizi asupan pasien di RSU Haji Surabaya. Sedangkan dari uji paired t-tes didapat pv = 0,000   yang artinya aplikasi ini bisa menghemat waktu sebesar 293,9 detik atau 4,9 menit per pasien dibandingkan dengan cara manual. Sedangkan untuk uji Annova, semua variable, umur, pendidikan, lama menggunakan HP android dan lama bekerja tidak signifikan terhadap waktu penggunaan aplikasi yang berarti aplikasi ini bisa digunakan oleh semua ahli gizi di RSU Haji Surabaya. Untuk uji paired t-test penggunaan aplikasi pada minggu 1 dengan minggu ke-2 dan ke-3 didapat pv= 0,0006 dan pv = 0,0165 yang berarti butuh waktu tidak lebih dari satu minggu untuk beradaptasi dengan aplikasi ini. Kesimpulan : Aplikasi “Mugitelas” ini bisa diterima untuk pengamatan sisa makanan dan menaksir nilai gizi asupan pasien, serta dapat menghemat waktu sebesar rata-rata 5 menit per pasien dan butuh waktu tidak lebih dari satu minggu untuk bisa beradaptasi dengan aplikasi ini. 

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