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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,588 Documents
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Spatial analysis of under five years pneumonia incidence in DIY Province 2020 Ni Nengah Sri Kusumadewi; Martya Rahmaniati Makful; Liza Meutia
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 39 No 04 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i04.6669

Abstract

Purpose: Globally, pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, as the largest burden of disease and death in developing countries. In 2018, more than 19,000 children under five died from pneumonia. The Under-five Mortality Rate (AKBa) reflects the social, economic, and environmental conditions in which children live and maintain their health. WHO issued an integrated global action to prevent and control the incidence of pneumonia and diarrhea (GAPPD). Yogyakarta is in the second position with the highest prevalence of pneumonia under five (3.7%). To carry out a more focused pneumonia prevention program, spatial pattern analysis is needed both globally and locally, this study examines whether there is a global and local spatial correlation in the number of pneumonia cases under five years in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) in 2020. Methods: This ecological study uses aggregated data at the sub-district level. DIY Province has 78 sub-districts that serve as the unit of analysis. Results: The global spatial autocorrelation test on the number of cases of toddler pneumonia in DIY is significantly positive. High-high areas include the sub-districts of Semin, Ponjong, Rongkop, Semanu, Karangmojo, Wonosari, Playen, Paliyan, Saptosari and Panggang. Hot spots were found in the southeastern region. A closer look at the sub-districts in the hotspot area, all from Gunung Kidul Regency, shows that specific interventions targeting these areas must be strengthened, regional health planning and resource allocation. Conclusion: A cluster correlation (clustering) exists spatially with the number of toddler pneumonia in the DIY. Locally, it can be seen that the hot spots (high-high) and low-high districts are found in one district. So it is a priority area that needs comprehensive handling but with a different emphasis according to the characteristics of each sub-district in one district.
Implementation of the primary health care system in various countries: a systematic review Rocky Setya Budi; Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 39 No 04 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i04.7168

Abstract

Purpose: Primary health care (PHC) focuses on the community as individuals, families, and communities, which prioritizes health promotion and disease prevention over treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care. PHC implementation often sacrificed the prevention approach because it was hampered by health medicalization. Methods: This Systematic Review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The author searched five databases: EMBASE, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed, to discover the primary health care system implementation in various countries. Result: Searches on the EMBASE database included 193 articles, ProQuest 347 articles, PubMed 589 articles, ScienceDirect 294 articles, and Scopus 293 articles. Reports were assessed for eligibility, the remaining 39 full-text articles were reviewed, and the authors chose ten relevant and suitable articles for further review. Conclusions: The medicalization of health, a shortage of skilled health workers, poor services, a weak referral system, treatment that does not meet the needs of the community, a lack of public-private partnerships in the provision of health services, and a lack of stakeholder involvement in policy-making continues to impede PHC implementation. In the future, stakeholders should cover the gap between public health and primary care through integration.
Risk factors for neonatal death in Sleman Regency: analysis of Sleman HDSS data for 2015-2020 Windra Yanti; Abdul Wahab; Amirah Ellyza Wahdi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 39 No 04 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i04.7286

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to address the critical issue of neonatal mortality, which remains a significant public health concern, particularly in low and middle-income countries where 75% of neonatal deaths occur within the first week of life, and approximately one million newborns die within the first 24 hours, influenced by various maternal and neonatal risk factors. Methods: This was an observational study that used a longitudinal design. The sample size was 824 respondents born and living in Sleman, DIY. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for neonatal death. Data analysis used descriptive analysis, bivariable, and multivariable. Results: Multivariable analysis showed that the risk factors associated with the incidence of neonatal death were the mother's age (OR=143.4; CI: 16.92-1215.36), baby's weight (OR=15.24; CI: 1.8-112.92), and history of abortion (OR=9.27 CI; 1.7-50.33). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, maternal age is the most influential risk factor for the incidence of neonatal death in Sleman Regency. Mothers who are pregnant and give birth aged <18 years have a risk of 143.4 times higher for neonatal death compared to women who are pregnant and give birth aged 18-34 years. Therefore it is necessary to increase education and empower women to prevent early marriage.
Factors related to smoking status among male junior high school students in Kulon Progo Regency in 2016 Merlyn Sinaga; Yayi Suryo Prabandari; Riris Andono Ahmad
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 37 No 04 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i04.21979

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify factors associated with smoking status in junior high school students in Kulon Progo. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 397 male junior high school students in grades 7, 8, and 9 were the subjects in this study. Sampling in this study used a cluster random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire in November-December 2016. Data were analyzed with a simple Poisson regression and multiple Poisson regression with robust variance estimators. Results: Prevalence of smokers (ever smoker in last 30 days) among male junior high school students was 33.5%. Factors associated with smoking behavior in junior high school student was had one or more friends who smoke with aPR=16.43 (95% CI = 2.34 to 115.30; p-value = 0.005), had a positive attitude towards smoking by aPR= 1.90 (95% CI = 1.29 to 2.80; p-value = 0.001), had a positive subjective norm family towards smoking behavior with an aPR=1.53 (95% CI = 1.15 to 2, 04; p-value = 0.004), and have a low self-efficacy with an aPR=3.10 (95% CI = 1.88 to 5.11; p-value = 0.000). Conclusions: The role of parents, schools and education office and health office are necessary to shape the attitude toward smoking that smoking is harmful (bad) for adolescent, subjective norm that smoking behavior is not approved by their environment, and increase self-efficacy for not smoking by reducing the temptation to smoke from the home and school environment.
Risk of hepatitis B occurrence in pregnant women in Kulon Progo Regency, 2017-2018 Nurjanna; Hari Kusnanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 37 No 06 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to identify risk factors related to the incidence of hepatitis B among pregnant women in Kulon Progo District. Methods: This study used a case-control design with a ratio of 1: 1. The sample size was 132 respondents with 66 cases and 66 controls. Data collected through interviews with mothers was recorded in the hepatitis B screening surveillance report of pregnant women in Kulon Progo District 2017 to 2018. The data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression. Results: The results showed that the average age of respondents was 30.75±6.07, 71.2% were housewives and 64.4% had high school education. Bivariate analysis showed that age, parity, history of miscarriage, surgical history, family history of hepatitis and shared personal hygiene items had relationships with the incidence of hepatitis B. The results of multivariate analysis in the final model showed parity (OR=4.41) and family history of hepatitis (OR = 20.23) as significant risk factors for the incidence of Hepatitis B among pregnant women. Conclusion: High parity and a family history of hepatitis were found to increase the risk of hepatitis B among pregnant women. Efforts to prevent household transmission of hepatitis B should include increasing knowledge through education and counseling, as well as screening family members or other individuals living in the same household as mothers with hepatitis B.
Factors associated with the use of long-acting contraceptive methods (LACMs): an analysis of Sleman HDSS 2016 Andham Dewi; Supriyati; Heny Suseani Pangastuti
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 37 No 05 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i05.22147

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between individual and service-related factors and the use of long-acting contraceptive methods among women of reproductive age in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Sleman Health Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) cycles 1 and 2. Study samples were married women of reproductive age who were using modern contraception. Multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of LACM users in Sleman is 47.01%, while non-LACM users account for 52.99%. Variables included in the multivariable analysis were age, education, urban-rural status, socioeconomic status (SES), family planning services, type of care provider, and method of payment. Variables that significantly influence LACMs utility are urban-rural (OR=2.2; p=0.002; CI=1324-3,728), SES (OR=2.9; p=0,000; CI=1,768-5,041) free contraceptives (OR=17.22; p=0,000; CI=7.093-41.81), and national health insurance (OR=4.8; p=0,000; CI=2,923-7,930). Conclusion: Individual factors influencing the use of LACMs include place of residence and socioeconomic status, while health service factors include free contraceptive distribution and national health insurance.
Risk factors associated with the severity of traffic accident victims in Magelang District Julianti Jeanette Sabono; Hari Kusnanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 37 No 08 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i08.22398

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze risk factors affecting the severity of traffic accident victims in Magelang District and identify accident locations within the Magelang District Police Department's work area. Methods: This observational study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data. The subjects included all individuals involved in road traffic accidents as recorded in the 2018 Accident Report of the Magelang District Police Department. The independent variables were age, sex, time of occurrence, day of occurrence, road type, natural conditions, type of collision, and type of vehicle. Data analysis was conducted using logistic regression and Quantum GIS 2.18. Results: Age over 56 years was significantly associated with the severity of traffic accident victims (95% CI: 1.275–5.215). Additionally, single motorbike collisions were also found to influence injury severity (95% CI: 1.438–1167.166). Spatial analysis revealed clusters of accident locations along several major roads, including the Yogyakarta–Magelang Road, Babak Mungkid Road, Soekarno Hatta Road, Semarang–Magelang Road, Secang Road, and Salam–Bener Road. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant relationship between age and the type of collision, as well as the severity of the accident victims. Multisectoral cooperation is expected to enhance the socialization of driving behavior within the community, provide adequate road facilities, and regulate traffic flows effectively to reduce the incidence and fatalities from traffic accidents.
Quality analysis and utilization of e-PPGBM data (Electronic recording and reporting community-based nutritional) Heni Setiawati; Lutfan Lazuardi; Digna Niken Purwaningrum
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 39 No 04 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Purpose: Nutrition surveillance is a continuous process of monitoring nutritional problems. The Electronic Community-Based Nutrition Recording and Reporting System (e-PPGBM), developed by the Directorate of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, collects, processes, analyzes, and presents community nutrition data. In Sumbawa Regency, Nutrition Implementation Officers (Tenaga Pelaksana Gizi, TPG) at public health centers (Puskesmas) use this system to generate timely, accurate information on nutritional status. This study aimed to assess the quality of data produced by e-PPGBM and to examine the utilization of e-PPGBM data at Puskesmas in Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Methods: This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design conducted in four Puskesmas. The study recruited 20 participants, including TPG, Puskesmas heads, and structural officials at the district health office. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and document review. Results: The data generated were accurate but incomplete, and reports were not available on time. The Puskesmas and the District Health Office did not use the e-PPGBM data optimally. The availability of human resources, infrastructure, and management support influenced the implementation and utilization of the e-PPGBM system at the Puskesmas, functioning as both enabling and constraining factors. Conclusion: Continuous support for Puskesmas is essential, particularly to enhance monitoring of electronic surveillance activities and ensure the availability of required facilities.

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