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Ika Kusumaningtyas
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tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id
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Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281
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Kab. sleman,
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INDONESIA
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Articles 1,532 Documents
Gambaran pemberian nutrisi enteral pada pasien dewasa Roni Purnomo, Sri Setiyarini, Christantie Effendy
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 22, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3661

Abstract

Background: A high prevalence of malnutrition in hospitals leads to the increasing of more attention paid for nutrition management. Enteral nutrition feeding in a proper way will give advantages such as protecting nutrition status in order not to go worse and preventing or reducing the occurrence of metabolic complication and infection, It requires specific knowledge and expertise in nutrition area, management of enteral nutrition feeding is a part of nurse's responsibilities. Method: This study was aimed to obtain a description of technical feeding of enteral nutrition to adult patient at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta,The type of this study was descriptive explorative by means of quantitative method, data was collected through observation to research subject who are the patients undergoing enteral nutritional therapy with a total number of 21 patients. This study was done within December 19t" 2005 — January 91h 2006. Result: The result showed that a high percentage of enteral nutrition feeding done by family was 40 actions (63.49%) while that done by nurses was 23 actions (36.51%). Enteral nutrition feeding that was considered as properly done was only 20 actions (31,75%) while that considered as improperly done was 43 actions (68.25%). The most frequent things that were not done in enteral nutrition feeding were checking the intestinal distortion before and after the nutrition feeding, aspirating residual volume of stomach before nutrition feeding. considering the rate of feeding, and some did not set the position of semifowler (30° — 45°) during enteral nutrition feeding. Conclusion: This study showed that most of enteral feeding had not been done based on theoretical standard. Keywords: Technical feeding. enteral nutrition, adult patient
Sistem informasi hospital-based cancer registry berbasis web Tarudin Sri Mulatsih, Sigit Priyanta
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 22, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3662

Abstract

Background: Information access from conventional medical record takes time and not fully centralizes for data in Pathology Clinic, Laboratory Clinic and other supporting Unit in Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Whereas in fact the data and information are needed for treatment by physician such as to prove diagnose of patients and to decide appropriate therapy to be taken. Therefore, Physician and provider should take data and information from many units which need times. Objectives: This Research build Information System of Hospital-Based Cancer Registry use web programming include input, output, database and implementation. Method: This research is developing research using system developtment life cycle (SDLC) method. SDLC is done in several steps, System analysis, system design and system implementation. Research design use crossectonal approach which has done in August to December 2005 against medical record paper (conventional) regarding children cancer in Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Result: This information system based on web application. This information system will be used for processing data regarding cancer patient including patient identity and clinical data in supporting data from laboratory, progress note and medical therapy had been taken. Data Output from this system are post hospital treatment, top ten cancer disease both outpatients and inpatients, average of visitor number, cancer patient based on region mapping. Model expressed in Data Flow Diagram so that user can find scope of work and how the system works easily. Input form shows detail fields to accommodate data and information more detail and optimal. Control design focused to security access such as input form, data and information with three different level of user that is ordinary user, administrator and super administrator. Conclusion: This Information System can be use to process a data of patients such as patient identity, social data, laboratory data, and progress note, and treatment data of patients. The output or Information's from this information system are made in Map, line graph, pie graph, and histrogram. Keywords: medical record, hospital-based cancer registry, system development life cycle. posthospital treatment
Beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hepatitis B dan C pada pendonor darah Theodola Baning Rahayujati, Siti Nurdjanah, Nawi Ng
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 22, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3663

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection transmitted through blood product remains the major infectious problems in developing countries. There was an increase of HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence among blood donors in Yogyakarta in the last five years. Objective: of this study was to identify factors associated with HBV and HCV infections in this group. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among blood donors in five units of blood transfusion unit in the Yogyakarta Municipality Red Cross. The status of HBV infection was ascertained with the presence of HbsAg using EIA or immunochromatography, and HCV infection was determined by the presence of anti HCV using Enzyme lmmuno Assay (EIA) or rapid test, Histories of blood transfusion, use of injection needles, tattooing, body piercing, acupuncture, dental treatment. family history of hepatitis, sexual activities, and use of shared tooth brushes and razor blades were collected using questionnaire. Result: Out of 805 subjects screened 2.2% and 0.6% were HBV positive and HCV positive, respectively. Only sexual activity with partners other than spouse was significant predictor of infections in the multivariate analysis (ORwyr-5,86, 95%CI 2,10-16,34 and ORHevr. 14.62; 95% CI 2,29-93,45). Conclusion: The high prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among blood donors found in this study should alert public health practitioner. Providing health education on reproductive health and risk of sexual transmission of HBV and HCV should therefore be among the major focuses of health authority. Keywords: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Blood Donors, HBsAg, anti-HCV
Status besi, seng dan vitamin A pada kehamilan Hertanto Wahyu Subagio
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 21, No 4 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3665

Abstract

Introduction: Micronutrients problems in pregnancy gain less attention than iron deficiency. This study was aimed to describe iron, zinc and vitamin A status and their changes during second and third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: Serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) as measurement for iron status, zinc level and retinol were obtained from serum of 70 pregnant women who were purposively chosen. The measurements were conducted in the second and third trimester. The changes of micronutrients level were analyzed using paired t-test Results: The prevalence of anemia in the second and third trimester was 77,1% and 64,3% respectively. Only 31,4% of subjects had iron deficiency, while zinc and vitamin A deficiency occurred in 64,7% and 11,4% of the subjects respectively. The level of the micronutrients significantly changed during the third semester of pregnancy. The prevalence of iron deficiency in the third trimester decreased to 17,1%. All subjects had zinc deficiency while vitamin A deficiency was observed in 25,7% of the pregnant women Conclusion: The prevalence of zinc and vitamin A deficiency is high, as well as iron deficiency. There is an increase in iron status from second to third trimester of pregnancy. Conversely, zinc and vitamin A status decrease significantly. Keywords: anemia micronutrient pregnancy
Studi cohort: prevalensi osteoporosis pada usia lanjut di Yogyakarta Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis Penggalih, Hamam Hadi dan Retno Pangastuti
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 21, No 4 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3666

Abstract

Background: The increase in the number of elderly in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta requires certain consequence in solving all the problems about elderly in cases of health problem. It affects the morbidity of elderly which one of the problems is caused by osteoporosis. The treatment and examination of osteoporosis has been doing by Klinik Lanjut Usia FK-UGM Yogyakarta recently, but there are lack of information about the prevalence of osteoporosis in Yogyakarta. Objective: The aim of this research is to provide the information about the prevalence of osteoporosis. Methods: This research is an observational research with cohort retrospective design. The subject is all patient who attended in Klinik Lanjut Usia FK-UGM. The criteria are > 60 years old and > 2 times Bone Mass Density examination. There were 142 patients who were involved in this research. We collected the secondary data with data collecting form. We analyzed it as the prevalence of osteoporosis. Results: The result of analysis shows that the prevalence of osteoporosis is 59.86 %. Conclusions: The high prevalence of osteoporosis (59.86%) can been cut down by the therapies through the holistic education by health worker. The action needs to be controlled routinely to know the patients progress. Health promotion should involved in this action to give a clear information about what can be allowed to do by people. Keywords: prevalence, osteoporosis, elderly
Students' and instructors' perception on skills training process Mora Claramita, Widyandana and Ova Emilia
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 21, No 4 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3667

Abstract

Background and objectives: This research is to study the factors related to effectiveness of skills training in the skills laboratory regarding preparation of students' clinical skills competence. Method: Questionnaires containing 9 items in 4 grouped questions with 5 point Likert Scale were distributed to 41 skills-training instructors and 159 fourth year students in July 2005. Result: items of effectiveness of the training, equipment and facilities, instructors' preparation and quality of the training were scored significantly better by instructors then by students (p< 0.05). Item of students' preparation was scored significantly worst by instructors then by students
Tingkat sosial ekonomi, tinggi badan orang tua dan panjang badan lahir dengan tinggi badan anak baru masuk sekolah Norliani Toto Sudargo dan R. Dwi Budiningsari
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 21, No 4 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3668

Abstract

Background: Stunting among children starting primary school is highly prevalent in Central Kalimantan. It shows 50,54%. This condition is obviously showed by their short statures which are below the national average. Male is 108,6cm and female is 107,7cm while the national average shows 114,9cm for male and 114,0cm for female. Mainly in Palangkaraya, children's height is increasing in every measurement, but yet those are still below the national average. Objectives: The objectives of this research was to study the correlation of socio-economic factor, parent's height, and length at birth with height of children starting primary school in Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan. Methods: This was an observational study with case control design. Subjects were 96 stunted children as cases and 192 non stunted children as control. The age is between 5 – 7 years old. Research was based on socio-economic performance (income and education), height of children starting primary school, length at birth, and parent's height. The data were analyzed to know the association between each factors among and stunting in children. Results : Chi-square test showed there was significant correlation
Toksisitas merkuri sebagai faktor risiko epilepsi anak Sri Sutarni
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 21, No 4 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3669

Abstract

Background: Mercury (Hg) is one of the heavy metal which uses to make silver handicraft. Kotagede in special regency of Yogyakarta is one of the place to product that. The side effect of mercury consists of a few aspects of neurological deficits as epilepsy. The aim of this paper: want to know the risk factors of mercury to epilepsy in children with Hg exposure. Methods: by case control design to be taken the children from integrity health care Semoyan, Kotagede. As control group the children of integrity health care Pondok Suruh, Cangkringan. Result: 45 children consist of 21 (46,67%) with epilepsy from WHO diagnose. Thirtheen male (28,89%) and 8 female (17,78%) samples compare with control group. The most common age was 1-5 years ofd: 14 children (31,11%) pregnant fess from 9 months: 9 children (20%), birth of body weight = 2,5 kg: 11 children (24,44%). Twelve children (26,67%) was born by doctors. Incomplete immunization of 12 children (26,67%), water for drink were wheel of 11 children (24,22%) and parents as silvers handicraft of 16 children (35,56%).By univariate analysis the Odds Ratio of each variable which significant correlation to epilepsy: irregular control of pregnancy (OR = 11,667; 95% C.i 2,373 — 57,365 p = 0,01) pregnancy < 9 months (OR 27,353; 95% C.i 3,320 —225, 365; p = 0,00). incomplete immunization (OR = 7,00; 95% C.i 1,993 — 24.581; p = 0,01), the parents as silver handicraft (OR = 11,88; 95% C.i 2,442 — 38,267, p 0,00).By multivariate analysis: immunization and the parents workers were significant to be epilepsy. Conclusions: Hg exposure could influence to child neurological aspects as epilepsy. Vaccination and the parent's workers as silver handicrafts must be careful for prevention of child epilepsy. Suggestions: Complete vaccination to the children less than 5 years old especially for silver handicraft workers and environment of Hg exposure. To protect environment and people who lived with Hg exposure. Keywords: mercury, epilepsy, children, exposure
Faktor sosial ekonomi yang berhubungan dengan tingkat asupan zat yodium pada ibu hamil di daerah endemik Sultan Akbar Toruntju, Hamam Hadi, Toto Sudargo
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 21, No 3 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3670

Abstract

Background: Many efforts have been made to overcome Iodine Deficiency Disease but its prevalence in Indonesia is still high. Total Goiter Rate (TGR) of elementary school children is rising from 9.8% in 1998 to 10.3% in 2003. In Gunungkidul District TGR is as high as 12.2% in 2002. The most possible cause is low iodine consumption which is 73.08% in 2003. Other possible causes are low iodine intake, goitrogenic consumption, low social economic life, knowledge, attitude and inappropriate eating behavior, etc. Objectives: To know the relationship between social economic factors, knowledge, attitude and iodine consumption behavior with iodine intake of pregnant mothers. Methods: The study was a cross sectional type which was done from October — December 2004 at 6 sub districts of IDD endemic area, Gunungkidul District. Samples consisted of 258 pregnant mothers. Iodine intake data as dependent variable were collected using Food Frequency Questionnaires. There were 7 independent variables: mothers' education, income, and food expenditure, n umber of dependants, knowledge, and attitude and iodine consumption behavior which were collected using scored questionnaires. Pearson Correlation and Odd Ratio were used for bivariate analysis whereas Multiple Regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: Average level of education was 2.65% (elementary school graduate, junior high school drop out). Average family income was Rp772.712,00 (>regional minimum wage). Average food expenditure was Rp339.380,00 (52.9% of total expenditure and 43.9% of total family income). Average number of dependants was 5 persons. Average iodine intake was 139.4 pg/day. Average knowledge, attitude and behavior score was 71.0, 109.7 and 73.5 subsequently. Correlation analysis with odd ratio showed: there was relationship between income and iodine intake (r2 = 0.252; OR=5.7); there was relationship between attitude and iodine intake (r2 = 0.13; OR =2.1); there was relationship between behavior and iodine intake (r2= 0.95; OR =11.2). Linear regression analysis showed that behavior variable had the greatest contribution to iodine intake. Conclusion: There was relationship between knowledge and iodine intake. There was relationship between food expenditure and iodine intake. There was relationship between number of dependants and iodine intake. There was relationship between attitude and iodine intake and there was relationship between behavior and iodine intake. There was relationship between knowledge and iodine intake. Keywords: education, income, food expenditure, dependants, knowledge, attitude and behavior, iodine intake, pregnant mothers
Faktor-faktor yang mempeng aruhi persepsi remaja usia 14-15 tahun tentang narkoba Menuf Ayu UmborowatI, Sumarni P., Nawi Ng
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 21, No 3 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3671

Abstract

Background: Drug abuse among young adolescents has become more prevalent in Indonesia recently. Youth psychological development and their perception on drug use are among factors associated with drug abuse. Youth perception on drug abuse has not yet been studied in-depth in Indonesia. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the young adolescent's perception on drug abuse and its determinant in Indonesia. Method: Eight Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted among the 91h grade students in Yogyakarta City and Purworejo District. Three in-depth interviews with junior high school teachers were done to triangulate the results from student. Result: The youth in this study has negative perception on drugs. The boys knew the harm and bad consequences of using drug. They were aware that drug abuse is forbidden by religion and it is a sin to do so, and this was stressed upon particularly by urban youth. Drug abuser got punishment from school and this become another motivation for not using drug. The youth agreed that exposure to alcohol will promote youth's acquaintance to drugs. Conclusion: Young adolescent's perception on drugs is affected by their psychological developmental stage, their value and understanding of religion, their knowledge about drugs, and their exposure to peers, families, neighborhood, and school. These factors worked differently between rural and urban youth. Keywords : drugs abuse, youth, perception, qualitative method, urban and rural

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