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Applied Research in Science and Technology
Published by Research and Social Study Institute
ISSN : 27767213     EISSN : 27767205     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science
Applied Research in Science and Technology is a peer-reviewed open-access journal which publishes result from scientists and engineers in many fields of science and technology. Every submitted manuscript will be reviewed by at least two peer-reviewers using the double-blind review method. focus and scope: Infrastructures Technology, Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information System, Soil Science, Geology, Marine Science, Technology and Engineering, Electrical, Biomedical Engineering, Renewable Energy, Physics, Chemistry, Materials, Biology, Forestry, Agriculture, Earth & Space Science.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ilmu Lingkungan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 40 Documents
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Waste reduction in barwon dining chair production process using the failure mode and effect analysis (fmea) method on CV. Valasindo Sentra Usaha
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i1.3

Abstract

The furniture industry has a vital role in economic growth in Indonesia by one of the activities that are international trade. During the last year, the export value of the furniture industry has increased. It can make an increase of industrial competition in the global market. Therefore, production efficiency needs to be improved under the four pillars that affect global market competitiveness. This study focuses on the Barwon Dining Chair sub-product because it has the most and constant demand with an average demand is 57 units per month while the company experiences delay until 88% with an average delay of 14 days. Determination of Value Added (VA), Non-Value Added (NVA), and Necessary Non-Value Added are used to describe the current Value Stream Mapping (VSM) as an explanation of the production process flow. Failure and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is used to identify a system with the risk of failure and its consequences by giving values from severity, occurrence, and detectability and generating the largest number of RPN assembly stations at 45. The improvements are warehouse rack design and the box at the assembly station, reducing the time to approximately 2 minutes.
Runoff and soil erosion response to clear cutting period of acacia plantation in a headwater mountain of Vietnam Dung, Bui Xuan; Kim, Thanh Do Thi
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i1.4

Abstract

This study evaluated the responses of runoff and soil erosion to a clear-cutting period of Acacia plantation in a headwater mountain. Two plots with 15m2 (3m width*5m length) were installed in a headwater mountain of Hoa Binh, Vietnam. Plot 1 remained untreated as the control plot, while plot 2 was clear-cutting in March 2019. Runoff and soil erosion was observed from April to September 2018 for the pre-cutting period with 55 storm events and from March to May 2019 for the post- cutting period with 15 storms-events. Observed data was examined the effects of the cutting period by using paired-plot analysis that compared the control plot and the treatment plot. The main results included: (1) Surface runoff after clear-cutting increased statistical significantly from 0.18 mm storm-1 (corresponding to 0.38 %) to 0.26 mm storm-1 (corresponding to 0.56 %). Paired- plot analysis showed the increase of surface flow is 81.14% after cutting; (2) Soil erosion increased statistically significant after clear-cutting from 228.44 g/storm to 309.27 g/storm on average, the amount of soil erosion due to treatment effect increased 33.1 %. The increase of runoff and soil erosion is quite high after the cutting period. This suggests that plantation management practices to control runoff and soil erosion in the headwater basin are necessary for Vietnam.
Toxic elements and microbial loads in african giant land snail (Archachatina margenata) reared with waste contaminated soil
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i1.5

Abstract

The use of dump soils for the rearing of African giant land snail (AGLS) leads to the bioaccumulation of metals and microbial loads in AGLS, which is a major food chain route for the human body. This study investigated the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) and microbial load in AGLS reared with dumpsite and control soil and also to ascertain if they are within permissible limits. Soil samples; dump soil (A), and Control soil (B) were collected at 0-30 cm depth with the aid of a soil auger and were used for AGLS farming, to ascertain whether the Toxic elements (TEs) concentration was within the permissible limits on AGLS consumption. A total of 18 juvenile snails of similar weights was used for the study. The experiment lasted for three months (90 days), during which the snails were subjected to similar dietary reign and equal quantity of feed. The soil samples were analyzed for TEs before and after farming, and a snail was also analyzed for TEs after farming using an atomic absorptions spectrophotometer (AAS). Standard methods of APHA were used to determine microbial loads such as Total heterotrophic bacteria, E. coli, total coliform, fecal coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and intestinal parasites. Results indicated that bacterial counts recorded in this study exceeded the recommended levels by WHO and ICMSF, standards (i.e. 10 to 102 coliforms g-1, 10 fecal coliform g-1, and 4.9×106 aerobic count g-1). The result shows a significant difference (P<0.05) between the dump and the control soil The concentration of TEs (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) in snails reared with dump soil were 2.20, 2.68, 1.08, 2.23, and 2.89 mg/kg respectively. The control recorded 0.28, 1.89, 0.36, 0.16 and 0.24 mg/kg. The values were greater than the maximum permissible limit of 0.5, 2.0, 0.3, 0.1, and 0.1 mg/kg respectively recommended by FAO/WHO compared to the control. The study concludes that snails bioaccumulate toxic elements and microbial loads from the soil used in rearing them which is deleterious to human health when consumed.
Analysis of wastes height reduction, macrobiology and microbiology colony (fecal coli) on dry leaves composting process
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i1.6

Abstract

The scattered leaf wastes can be turned into high nutrition organic fertilizer by utilizing vermicomposting methods.  The wastes will be consumed by earthworms reducing the mass of the waste and the excrement can be used as vermicompost. One of the important things regarding the potential of earthworms in vermicomposting is the consumption rate or the decrease in the waste pile heights. Also, the number of microorganism colonies can be determined using the MPN (Most Probable Number) method based on the parameters of fecal coli bacteria in SNI 19-7030-2004.  The vermicompost produced in this study comes from banyan leaves (Ficus benjamina) and bamboo leaves (Bambusa bambos). It takes 56 days for the vermicompost to ripen.  The decrease in pile heights was measured every three days using a ruler and resulted in an average reduction of 2.18 cm/day for Ficus benjamina leaves and 1.0 cm/day for Bambusa bamboos leaves. Samples of microorganisms were taken on the 28th and 56th day and the MPN value was calculated. The MPN value obtained on the 28th day was 290 MPN/g and on the 56th day was 460 MPN/g, indicating that the colony had reached the predetermined quality standard.
Land use change analysis using NDVI approachment in Terbanggi Besar, Central Lampung at 2000 and 2020
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i1.7

Abstract

Terbanggi Besar is one of the Subdistricts in Central Lampung Regency, which has an area of 217.15 km2. The large area of land is used as a settlement and also used to cultivate crops. Each year, the population in this Subdistrict keeps increasing; this becomes a problem since the increasing population means the need for the living area also increases. This affects is the cultivation area by turning it into a residential area. The research aims to analyze land use changes based on vegetation density in the Terbanggi Besar sub-Subdistrict in 2000 and 2020. The data from the respective Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images using multi-temporal dimensions using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) through the Argis application and Landsat imagery with the NDVI method. The results indicate that land use dynamics in the Terbanggi Besar Subdistrict have fluctuated in the last 20 years. The largest land use in Terbanggi Besar Subdistrict in the period 2000 to 2020 is medium density vegetation with an area of 21,465 hectares, low-density vegetation 17,453 hectares, and open land 2,624 hectares.
Preliminary Study on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC) Leaf Essential Oil
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i2.8

Abstract

This preliminary study aimed to examine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of kaffir lime leaf essential oils (KLLEOs) in response to different growing locations and post-harvest handling. This study tested 9 samples, i.e., 8 KLLEOs with variation in growth location and post-harvest handling, and 1 standard citronellal solution. Thin layer chromatography was used to test the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of samples. Eluent in a mixture of hexane: ethyl acetate (5: 1) was chosen because it could provide a clear separation effect under visible light and after being sprayed with vanillin sulfate. KLLEOs originated from brown and green leaf powder had a stronger antioxidant activity than other samples. The sensitivity of KLLEOs to E. coli was lower than S. aereus, as indicated by fewer stains observed in E. coli glass plates rather than S. aereus ones. Standard citronellal compound at a concentration of 5 l ml-1 showed no antioxidant activity and at a concentration of 10 l ml-1 showed no antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. aereus.
Medical Waste Generation of Community Health Centers (PUSKESMAS) In Magelang Regency, Indonesia
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i2.9

Abstract

The majority of Magelang Regency’s society is registered as participants and actively uses the Indonesian National Health Insurance (JKN). This makes the active role of Community Health Centers as first level service that takes care of health problems. This has an impact on the amount of hazardous waste by the Community Health Centers activities and how to manage it. The study was carried out to identify and calculate hazardous waste generation in Community Health Centers. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling method by examining the Community Health Centers services (e.g., hospitalization and out-patient care) and analyzing medical waste generation based on SNI 19-3964-1994 standard. The study results indicate that the type of Community Health Centers has an impact on the daily generation and composition of hazardous waste. The composition of non-sharp infectious waste produced was as much as 82%, and that sharp infectious waste was 18% average from hospitalization and out-patient care. The potential for waste generated from Community Health Centers in Magelang Regency is as much as 33.66 kg per day. This needs to be reconciled with the increasing knowledge of health workers and sanitarians in handling this. The generation and composition of hazardous waste in Community Health Centers are influenced by several factors, including the type of Community Health Centers service, the number of patients and treatments provided, and the extent of laboratory services.
Assessment of the Effectiveness Biophysical Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study of Kiramuworeda, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i2.11

Abstract

Soil erosion is one of the most serious global environmental issues affecting agriculture and soil fertility. On a global scale, water erosion is the most common type of soil erosion in agricultural areas, reducing the soil's ability to support productive agriculture. The efficiency of biophysical soil and water conservation systems must be evaluated before solutions for limiting soil losses may be considered. To promote sustainable land use in the study area, it is critical to understand farmers' knowledge of soil and water conservation structures, as well as the factors that influence their land management practices. Farmers in the study region are well-informed about soil and water conservation structures in general, as well as their causes, indications, and the amount of their plot of land that is susceptible to soil erosion in particular. Furthermore, they feature both traditional and modern soil conservation structures that are successful. However, several impediments to implementing the Soil and Water Conservation structures were found, including a lack of finance, the small area of their land, and other socio-economic and physical aspects. Furthermore, farmers had a highly positive attitude regarding the importance of contemporary Soil and Water Conservation structures. Their awareness, on the other hand, appears to be incorrect. Because they believe that the present SWC Structure is a government-led initiative to rehabilitate highly degraded areas rather than a mechanism of soil and water conservation on agricultural land. They believe that the structures take up a huge portion of a relatively small plot of land, preventing them from properly utilizing it. As a result, it is suggested that the government's policies and strategies, as well as corrective intervention from non-governmental organizations aimed at this issue and community participation in encouraging farmers to participate in soil and water conservation practices, are critical to resolving current poverty, food insecurity, and environmental degradation in the study area.
Human-Wildlife Conflict: The Case of Arjo Dhidhessa Sugar Factory and Its Surrounding, Western Ethiopia
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i2.12

Abstract

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) occurs in various forms throughout the world, with a greater influence in developing countries. This is due to fast increasing human populations and increased subsistence agriculture, which reduces wildlife habitat and increases human-wildlife interactions. Wild animals fight for resources with humans in the Arjo Dhidhesa Sugar Factory in Western Ethiopia, and they are in conflict with each other. As a result, this research was carried out to determine the reasons of HWC, as well as the mammals responsible for them. From August 2017 to March 2018, researchers utilized questioner and interview approaches to examine community perceptions toward wildlife and overall cthe result showed that a total of 99.034 sugarcane stalk damage events were registered in all three sample sites both during the dry and wet seasons. Wildlife consumed 46,468 sugarcane stalks during the rainy season, while 52,566 stalks were consumed during the dry season, with the documented damage event varying greatly from site to site. Hippopotamus, Anubis baboon, Warthog, Bush pig, and Buffalo were the most affected by HWC, with agricultural loss occurring throughout both wet and dry seasons. During the wet season, Hippopotamus 16,133 stalks per ha were the most damaged, followed by Anubis baboon 12,484 stalks per ha. Buffalo 5,083 and Bush pig 3,931 stalk per ha did the least damage, placing fourth and fifth, respectively. During dry seasons, Anubis baboon caused the most sugarcane stalk damage (16, 898 stalks per hectare), followed by hippopotamus (16,533 stalks per ha). During both the wet (t = 4.08, DF = 4, P< 0.05) and dry seasons (t =3.73, DF = 4, P< 0.05), there was a significant difference in the damages caused by mentioned fauna. According to the findings, about 67.9% and 25.2 % of all respondents said that HWC expressed itself in crop destruction and livestock predation, respectively. Habitat damage, agricultural development, a lack of feed, and a rise in the population of wild animals are among the explanations cited by respondents. Some of the key crop raider mitigation strategies revealed in this study that were adopted by the investment community and local communities include hanging dead animal parts, habitat disturbance, keeping animals alive by tying them to the side of field, and mass murdering wildlife. These practices are one of the main causes of the extinction of wildlife, making conservation even more challenging. There are currently many human activities in the field of science, which has resulted in many HWCs. As a result, investment decisions should be made based on strong and viable domain choices both commercial and environmental, as well as promoting natural tourism as a viable option for education and conservation education.
Chemical Properties of Biochar from Date Palm Seed (Phoenix dactylifera L.) under Low Temperature Pyrolysis as Soil Amendment Candidate
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v1i2.13

Abstract

The waste of date palm seeds is abundant in Indonesia, however, the seeds are still regarded as trash from the manufacture of date palm-based products. Dates seed, when processed further, can be a useful resource, one of which is as a raw material in the production of Biochar. The utilization of date palm seeds into biochar is one strategy that can be applied. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical properties of biochar derived from the seeds of palm date (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Making biochar is done by burning the seeds using a furnace with a temperature of 250°C and 350°C, then ground and sieved with a size of 350 micrometers carried out at the Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources. Chemical property analysis using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF) at the Lampung Advanced Characterization Laboratory- BRIN. The results show there are four macronutrients found in date palm seed biochar namely P, K, Ca, and S. Most composition is Potassium (K). The potassium content of biochar burned at 250 °C is 66.24% while the biochar burned at 350 °C contains 67.189%. In addition, the phosphorus (P) content of biochar burned at a temperature of 250 °C is 6.574% while the biochar burned at a temperature of 350 °C contains 7.429%. Increasing the temperature increases the percentage of Potassium and Phosphorus, but the opposite results in Sulfur (S) and Calcium (Ca).

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