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Applied Research in Science and Technology
Published by Research and Social Study Institute
ISSN : 27767213     EISSN : 27767205     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science
Applied Research in Science and Technology is a peer-reviewed open-access journal which publishes result from scientists and engineers in many fields of science and technology. Every submitted manuscript will be reviewed by at least two peer-reviewers using the double-blind review method. focus and scope: Infrastructures Technology, Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information System, Soil Science, Geology, Marine Science, Technology and Engineering, Electrical, Biomedical Engineering, Renewable Energy, Physics, Chemistry, Materials, Biology, Forestry, Agriculture, Earth & Space Science.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ilmu Lingkungan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 40 Documents
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Farmers’ Perception on Grey-headed Lapwing (Vanellus cinereus) Existence in Paddy Field Surrounding Gifu University, Japan
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v2i1.18

Abstract

In agriculture practices, besides animal, human activity belongs to the enemy of Grey-headed Lapwing (Vanellus cinereus). This study aims to analyze the farmers’ perception on Grey-headed Lapwing existence in paddy field surrounding Gifu University, Japan. There are 10 farmers who are work in the research area. All of them are farmers. Descriptive method was used in this study, the data were collected with questionnaire. The finding show that farmers ignore the existences of Grey-headed Lapwing. They saw the nest of Grey-headed Lapwing in unplowed area as many as 60% and they found the nest in plowed area (soil tillage) as many as 40%. Although Grey-headed Lapwing has great defense to attack the enemy, but they prefer breeding in safety place. In this case, when human activity do their work in soil tillage period, it can ruin the nests. It means that human activity is one of the factors that influencing the breeding success of Grey-headed Lapwing.
The Plant Protection Capabilities of Extension Workers in Enhancing Maize (Zea mays L.) Production: A case study of District Shangla Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v2i1.19

Abstract

This study analyzed farmers’ perceptions about plant protection capabilities of extension workers in enhancing maize production in remote District Shangla Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. Educating farmers about modern technologies of crops is the mandate of the extension staff of the provincial agriculture extension department. For this research, two villages were taken purposively from three union councils of Tehsil Besham of District Shangla for data collection through a well-structured interview schedule. A total of 204 farmers were selected for data collection, which was analyzed using SPSS V.20 software. Descriptive statistics, 5 points Likert scale, and Chi-square tests were used. About 32% of respondents were found in the age 26-35 years, 46.6%  respondents have 1-2 acres of land under maize crop while 57.8% maize growers were literate with 20.1% respondents educated up to matric. Maximum (82.4%) growers were getting 6400-12800 kg/acre maize production by cultivating local varieties. Awareness about alternative pest management technique was ranked 1st with the highest mean value of 3.04 and standard deviation of 1.13, and performing pest monitoring on maize were ranked 2nd with a mean value of 2.84 and standard deviation of 1.14. In contrast, identifying symptoms of major insects/pest diseases was ranked 5th with the lowest mean value of 2.67 and a standard deviation of 1.23. Their plant protection issues by educating them on disease-resistant varieties and weather suitability of maize hybrid varieties for higher production through local agriculture programs broadcasted on a local FM channel and pamphlets.
A Review of Soil Organic Carbon in Ethiopia's Major Land Use Types
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v2i1.21

Abstract

The carbon in soils related to the products of living organisms is noted as "soil organic carbon" (SOC). Soil is the largest terrestrial carbon sink, containing 2 to 3 times more carbon than the atmosphere and plants, respectively. The objective of this review is to assess and quantify SOC in Ethiopia across main land-use categories, as well as to identify critical gaps and priorities in SOC research and development. The existing literature search using research gateways, Google Scholar, and associated published and unpublished sources was employed as the methodological technique for this review. Previous authors have attempted to analyze and synthesize research on SOC in Ethiopia under major land use types emphasizing on the selected parts of the region. This is a key gap that this review aims to solve. According to the assessment, anthropogenic activities have nearly depleted 45 percent of the country's total landmass at this time. Forest Land (FL) > Grazing Land (GL) > (Cultivated Land) CL was the variable pattern for SOC. The highest SOC content was found in the FL, whereas the lowest was found in the CL. As a result of this analysis and research findings, it can be concluded that minimizing C losses by restoration of vegetation on degraded lands will improve SOC storage in Ethiopia, benefiting farmers and mitigating the current climate change.
Performance of Pretreatment Materials on Hospital Wastewater Before Microfiltration Membrane Filtration Process
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v2i1.22

Abstract

An alternative method of treating hospital wastewater can use a microfiltration membrane, where the results showed that the disposal of oily wastewater reached 82.5%, BOD 90%, COD 85%, and total Coli up to 70%. In addition, it can remove particles from wastewater from 0.04 to 100 microns in size. The problem with using microfiltration membranes is the rapid occurrence of fouling/saturation on the surface of the microfiltration membrane, causing the wastewater treatment operation time to be short. The length of this treatment causes the problem of less amount of wastewater being treated and another problem, namely faster membrane replacement. This study aims to determine the performance of pretreatment of microfiltration membranes made of alum, silica sand, and activated carbon for parameters pH, BOD, COD, TSS, Ammonia, Fatty Oil, and Total Coliform. The results of the study were as follows: 1) the average quality of hospital wastewater was temperature 28.8°C, pH 7, BOD 79 mg/l, COD 167.05 mg/l, Total Suspended Solid 68 mg/l, Ammonia 4 mg/l, Phosphate 0.745 mg/l, Fatty Oil 1.64 mg/l, Coliform 2.200 MPN/100 ml. 2) Comparison analysis of the most effective materials on the parameters, for BOD Silica Sand 78.24%, COD 56.25% Silica Sand, Total Suspended Solids 83.42% Activated Carbon, Ammonia Silica Sand 56.49%, Phosphate 80.43 % Activated Carbon, Fat Oil is 80.43% Alum, Coliform is Microfiltration Membrane 40.91%.
Chemical Properties of Salacca Seed Biochar Under Low Temperature of Pyrolysis
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v2i1.24

Abstract

Salak or Salacca fruit is a seasonal fruit; in some cases, this fruit easy rotten due to a lack of handling during the harvesting process or wet or humid storage. This condition will promote much waste because the fruit cannot be eaten. To minimize the waste, the seed of salak fruit can be converted to biochar. This study aimed to determine the chemical properties of biochar derived from the seeds of salacca (Salacca zalacca). The biochar is produced by burning the seeds using a furnace with a temperature of 350°C and 450°C, then ground and sieved with a size of 355 micrometers carried out at the Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources. Chemical property analysis using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF) at the Lampung Advanced Characterization Laboratory- BRIN. The results show that most composition is Potassium (K). Potassium (67-70%) is the most abundant element in Salacca seed biochar, followed by chlorine. Biochar burned at 350 °C has a potassium content of 70.25%, while biochar burned at 450 °C has a potassium content of 67.86%. Biochar burned at 350 °C has a chlorine content of 25.35%, while biochar burned at 450 °C has a chlorine content of 24.66%. The percentage of potassium and chlorine decreases as the temperature rises. Furthermore, the phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) content of biochar appear at biochar burned at 450 °C.
Folic acid conjugated poly(propylene imine) dendrimer as a nanomedicine tool for targeted drug delivery: Bibliometric analysis using google scholar indexed vosviewer Girsang, Gabriela Chelvina Santiuly; Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu Dani
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v3i2.34

Abstract

By using bibliometric analysis and data mapping with the help of the VOSViewer program, this study aims to examine the breadth of research on the subject of folic acid-conjugated PPI dendrimers for targeted drug delivery. Data was collected from the Google Scholar scientific document database using the Harzing Publish or Perish 8 application. Journal articles containing the keywords "dendrimer," "PPI," "folic acid," and "drug delivery" that were published in the years 2018 through 2023 were used as the selection criteria for the data. The selection results in the form of 221 journal articles were analyzed and mapped. The total number of research publications has increased from 2018-2021 with the highest number of publications being 64 articles (in 2021). Research publications related to the topic experienced a decline in 2022-2023 due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The items that are very closely related to the topic have the keywords drug delivery system, treatment, cancer, and ligand. This bibliometric analysis is expected to help researchers identify research trends and recommend future research prospects.
Linkage map construction and QTL identification for yield related traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tun, Khin Swe Hlaing; Htun, Than Myint; Htwe, Nyo Mar; Aye, Myint; Talukdar, Akshay; Thein, Min San
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v3i2.36

Abstract

The study was undertaken to construct a linkage map and to identify the QTLs for heading date, plant height, and culm strength using a F2 population derived from Ayeyarmin/IR 64, two varieties distinctly different in heading date and plant height. A total of 233 F2 individuals were genotyped using 70 SSR primers, and phenotypic data were collected for heading date, plant height and culm strength traits. Fifty-four out of 70 marker loci were mapped across twelve rice chromosomes spanning a total map length of 1592.30 cM with an average distance of 29.49 cM between adjacent marker loci using MAPMAKER/EXP 3. Composite interval mapping for QTL analysis was conducted with 1000 permutation time at 0.05 probability level using WinQTL Cartographer version 2.5. One major QTL for heading date was mapped between marker RM204 and RM50 on chromosome 6. One major QTL for culm strength was mapped between marker RM1003-RM5931, and two major QTLs for plant height were mapped between RM84-RM1003 and RM1003-RM5931 on chromosome 1. The molecular markers linked to the major QTLs could be potentially used in marker-assisted selection for the rainfed rice improvement breeding program.
Land use efficiency of castor (Ricinus communis L.) based cropping systems in Okigwe, Southeastern Nigeria Ikeh, Angus Onwudiwe; Amulu, Leonardo Uzoma; Orji, Janet Oliver; Olufelo, Olushola Joseph; Umelo, Queen Chidinma
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v3i2.40

Abstract

Field study was carried out at Umuowa Ibu1 via National Horticultural Research Mbato Okigwe Imo state, Nigeria, to evaluate the effect of cropping systems on growth and yield of castor southeastern Nigeria. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design. The treatments were nine castor based cropping systems. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant means were compared with LSD at 5% probability level. Result showed that castor seed yield was influenced by cropping systems. Significant castor yield was recorded in the treatment of sole castor with 1289.34 and 1286.77 kg/ha in both cropping seasons, followed by 1288.43 and 1280.44 kg/ha recorded in castor + cowpea intercrop. The yield obtain from sole castor was not significant difference when compared to yield obtained from castor + cowpea and also in the treatment of castor + groundnut intercrop. The least castor seed yield; 1002.23 and 1007.23 kg/ha was recorded in castor + groundnut + garden egg intercrop. The yield of component crops decreases as number of crops in the systems progressed from two to three. Castor + cowpea + pepper cropping system had the highest land equivalent ratio (LER); 5.62 and 5.63 in both cropping seasons. The least LER: 2.23 and 2.24 was recorded in castor + groundnut treatment. Castor based cropping system with cowpea and pepper was recommended for higher land use efficiency.
Evaluating heavy metal contamination and ecological risks in rivers surrounding Banyuroto Landfill in Indonesia Iresha, Fajri Mulya; Asri, Tegar Kusuma; Kasam, Kasam
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v3i2.45

Abstract

This study, carried out between May and June 2023, aimed to assess the influence of landfill leachate on environmental conditions, specifically regarding the pollution of river water near the Banyuroto landfill. The parameter of the difference heavy metals in this study are Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), and Iron (Fe). The potential ecological risk index is investigated due to the harm to the nearby river ecology. The sampling was conducted at eight discrete locations in close proximity to the dump. The levels of heavy metals were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Furthermore, the Potential Ecological Risk (PER) technique was utilized to assess the potential environmental dangers that these metals may pose. The findings unveiled disparate concentrations of heavy metals across the various locations where point 5 of the sampling become most polluted area due to increased anthropogenic activities. The Mercury (Hg) concentrations ranged from 0.014 to 0.032 mg/kg, whereas the Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) levels exhibited minimal variation in the below Limit of Detection (LOD). Lead (Pb) exhibited LOD readings, suggesting their minimum presence. The concentrations of Manganese (Mn) and Copper (Cu) were relatively low, whereas Iron (Fe) exhibited the greatest levels, ranging from 0.2405 to 1.2209 mg/l. The maximum potential ecological risk values were calculated and ranked from highest to lowest as follows: Hg (262.19) > Fe (20.35) > Cr (0.374) > Cd (0.245) > Cu (0.297) > Mn (0.100). Remarkably, the possible environmental hazards associated with all heavy metal characteristics constantly remained below the threshold of 40 except the maximum concentration of the total of Heavy Metals. This indicates that their concentrations present a substantial ecological danger in some situations.
Quality analysis of coffee waste compost with the addition of cassava tapai local microorganism (LMO) bioactivator Sukmawati, Fitria Nugraheni; Irna, Afifah; Pramudya, Yudhi; Sukarji, Sukarji; Pamungkas, Saktiyono Sigit Tri; Rahmat, Ali; Rozaki, Zuhud; Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v3i2.46

Abstract

Coffee waste contains a large amount of nutrients, making it a potential raw material for compost fertilizer. The nutrients contained in coffee waste include N, P, K, Mg, and Ca. Utilization of coffee waste as compost requires bioactivators to accelerate the decomposition process. This study aims to determine the difference in compost quality from coffee waste by using bioactivators in the form of local microorganisms (LMO) of cassava tapai. This study was conducted from April to May 2023 at the greenhouse of LPP Polytechnic Yogyakarta, consisting of two stages: making the LMO and making the compost. Cassava tapai LMO was prepared as a treatment for composting coffee waste. Each treatment was repeated three times. After that, the fermentation results in the form of compost were tested, then the results were compared with the standards of the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture No. 261/KPTS/SR.310/M/4/2019 on the minimum technical requirements for organic fertilizers, biological fertilizers, and soil conditioners. The results reveal that the provision of cassava tapai LMO bioactivator affected the quality of coffee waste compost produced. The quality of composts produced from control, cassava tapai LMO of 90 ml, and EM-4 treatment does not meet the standards of the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture in the parameter of chemical properties, namely the C/N ratio. The quality of compost produced from cassava tapai LMO of 120 ml meets the standards of the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture and SNI 2004 in all parameters of physical properties, chemical properties, and nutrient content.

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