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Applied Research in Science and Technology
Published by Research and Social Study Institute
ISSN : 27767213     EISSN : 27767205     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science
Applied Research in Science and Technology is a peer-reviewed open-access journal which publishes result from scientists and engineers in many fields of science and technology. Every submitted manuscript will be reviewed by at least two peer-reviewers using the double-blind review method. focus and scope: Infrastructures Technology, Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information System, Soil Science, Geology, Marine Science, Technology and Engineering, Electrical, Biomedical Engineering, Renewable Energy, Physics, Chemistry, Materials, Biology, Forestry, Agriculture, Earth & Space Science.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ilmu Lingkungan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 50 Documents
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Economic Evaluation Analysis of PEGylated Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Production by Divergent Synthesis Method Veronica, Jessica; Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu Dani
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v3i1.44

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the viability of a large-scale divergent growth synthesis PEGylated dendrimer poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) production project. Engineering and economic evaluations were used to determine the results of this feasibility study. Engineering evaluation is based on a review of the initial plant design and stoichiometry calculations. While a number of factors, including the payback period, gross profit margin, cumulative net present value, etc., are used to evaluate the economic evaluation. The results of this analysis confirm that PEGylated PAMAM dendrimer may be produced on an industrial scale. In this project, 250 grams of PEGylated PAMAM dendrimer was obtained per cycle and the total profit earned was USD 4,656,187,677.16 in 20 years. Payback Period analysis shows that the investment will be profitable after more than two years. To ensure project feasibility, projects are estimated from ideal to worst conditions in production, including salaries, sales, raw materials, utilities, and external conditions such as taxes.
Analysis of the Application of the Virginia Solid Waste Management Hierarchy Concept on Urban Waste Management in Cirebon City, Indonesia Juliarba, Muhammad; Kurniasari, Opy
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v4i1.55

Abstract

Effective and sustainable waste management is a challenge faced by many cities worldwide, including Cirebon City. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and sustainability of waste management strategies in Cirebon City using the Virginia Solid Waste Management Hierarchy Concept as the primary reference. The method consisted of field surveys, interviews with relevant stakeholders, and collection of secondary data regarding waste management in Cirebon City. Additionally, the Delphi method was employed to collect opinions and perspectives from a panel of experts and stakeholders regarding waste management strategies and programs. The analysis results of Delphi method reveal that short-term and medium-term programs will focus on socialization and study activities, then in the long-term program, strict regulations and incinerator construction will begin to be implemented. Based on the results of Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) analysis, which compared the implementation value of the Virginia Solid Waste Management Hierarchy Concept with that of the existing management concept, it is revealed that the implementation value of the Virginia Solid Waste Management Hierarchy Concept is greater, namely 2.15, thus demonstrating the potential for its application in waste management in Cirebon City.
Characterization of Fly Ash from Coal-fired Steam Power Plant Tarahan, Lampung, and Its Potential as a Soil Amendment Mutaqin, Adiksa Insan; Chaerul, Mochammad
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v5i2.80

Abstract

Background: Fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion in steam power plants, has significant potential for utilization, particularly as a soil amendment. However, in Indonesia, including at the Tarahan coal-fired steam power plant (PLTU Tarahan), most fly ash remains underutilized and is primarily disposed of in landfills.Aims: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of fly ash produced at PLTU Tarahan and evaluate its potential for recycling through three utilization pathways: biosilica production, application as a soil-stabilizing agent, and incorporation into compost mixtures.Methods: Samples were collected from three distinct locations and analyzed at a certified laboratory using standardized procedures. The resulting data were subsequently compared with values reported in existing literature and interpreted using a descriptive analytical approach.Result: Characterization results indicated that the fly ash belongs to Class F, with high silica (SiO₂) content and low calcium oxide (CaO), making it pozzolanic but non-cementitious. Each reuse pathway was assessed in terms of technical compatibility, infrastructure readiness, pretreatment requirements, market potential, and environmental risk mitigation. The findings showed that biosilica production offers high added value but requires advanced chemical extraction technology. Soil stabilization using fly ash and lime is technically feasible for internal infrastructure and land reclamation projects, offering immediate benefits with minimal pretreatment. When mixed with organic materials such as press mud or combined with garbage enzyme, fly ash also enhances compost maturity, nutrient content, and enzymatic activity. Based on these results, a phased implementation strategy is recommended, beginning with applications that are low-risk and compatible with existing infrastructure. These findings contribute to the development of more adaptive and sustainable fly ash management strategies within coal-fired power plants. To support practical implementation, further laboratory- and field-scale studies are needed to validate long-term performance. Additionally, future research should incorporate multicriteria decision-making approaches, such as the Analytic Network Process (ANP), to comprehensively evaluate technical, environmental, social, and economic factors in selecting the most appropriate utilization pathway.
Sub-Watershed Prioritization for Sustainable Sediment Management in the Upper Cisokan Hydropower Catchment Using SWAT+ Pusparinda, Laella; Mariana Marselina
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v5i2.85

Abstract

Background: Sedimentation poses a critical threat to hydropower sustainability, particularly in pumped storage systems such as the Upper Cisokan Pumped Storage (UCPS) plant in West Java, Indonesia.Aims and Methods: This study assesses the spatio-temporal dynamics of sediment yield in the Cisokan Watershed using the SWAT+ model, incorporating historical simulations (2013 and 2023) and a 2038 projection under a Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario developed through supervised classification in Google Earth Engine (GEE).Result: Model calibration based on observed discharge data yielded satisfactory results (NSE = 0.80 in 2013, 0.65 in 2023), validating its suitability for sediment analysis. Results reveal a nearly fourfold increase in average sediment yield from 0.61 to 2.25 tons/ha/year between 2013 and 2023, with a projected rise to 5.57 tons/ha/year by 2038. A composite prioritization index, integrating current sediment output, decadal change, and sub-watershed area, identified SW-23, SW-16, and SW-5 as the highest priority areas for erosion mitigation. These findings were validated against future projections, confirming their persistent erosion risk. The study emphasizes the importance of scenario-based watershed planning in safeguarding hydropower infrastructure. By integrating sediment modeling with scenario-based land use projection via supervised classification in Google Earth Engine (GEE), this study provides a replicable framework for proactive watershed management and hydropower sustainability planning.
Evaluation and Ranking of Urban Drainage Systems Using SAW, TOPSIS, and VIKOR Methods: A Case Study in Bantul Regency Arifin, Muhamad; Winarno, Setya; Kusumadewi, Sri
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v5i2.103

Abstract

Background: Urban flooding and waterlogging in Bantul Regency stem from inadequate drainage systems, exacerbated by rapid urbanization, land use changes, poor infrastructure planning, and intensified rainfall due to climate change. Therefore, an integrated risk management approach compassing both structural and non-structural solutions—is crucial for improving urban drainage resilience. Conversely, the comprehensive evaluation of drainage system performance continues to pose considerable challenges. Assessments that concentrate solely on hydraulic or technical parameters while neglecting environmental, social, and economic factors—often result in suboptimal or misdirected decisions. As such, adopting a more integrative approach through multi-criteria decision-making methods, such as Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM), emerges as a pertinent alternative.Aims and Methods: The methods employed for MADM analysis in this study include the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and the Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR). Each of these approaches is designed to accommodate different data characteristics, levels of analytical complexity required, degrees of uncertainty involved, computational load, and the decision maker’s experience or expertise in applying the respective method.Results: The analysis results indicate that, based on the SAW method, location A11 obtained the highest score (0.8637), signifying the poorest drainage system performance and thus requiring top-priority intervention, whereas location A77 achieved the lowest score (0.3132), indicating a well-functioning drainage condition. Using TOPSIS, location A9 ranked first with a preference value (Vi) of 0.7498, reflecting significant proximity to the ideal solution, while A6 recorded the lowest score (0.2152). Meanwhile, the VIKOR method identified location A99 as the top-ranked alternative with a VIKOR index of 16.5321, while A1 emerged as the lowest-ranked alternative with a VIKOR index of 0.0188.
Quality and Resilience of Subsidized Housing for Low-Income Communities in Disaster Prone Zone of Padang City: An Analysis of Residents' Perceptions Syafri, Yuni Purnama; Furqani, Fahma; Octavia, Dyla Midya; Yunas, Barkhia; Zayu, Wiwin Putri
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v5i2.114

Abstract

Background: Subsidized housing for Low-Income Communities (LIC) in Indonesia continues to encounter significant quality challenges, particularly in disaster-prone regions. These challenges are primarily associated with the limited enforcement of technical standards, insufficient infrastructure provision, and inadequate policy support, which collectively undermine the resilience and habitability of such housing.Aims and Methods: This study analyzes the quality and resilience of subsidized housing for LIC in Padang City, which are in disaster-prone zones. Using questionnaire survey methods and factor analysis, this study identified technical and non-technical variables that affect the feasibility of housing. The KMO-Bartlett test, validity, and reliability ensured the instrument's feasibility, resulting in 18 valid variables grouped into four main factors: the quality of infrastructure, facilities, and public utilities (IFP), housing development policies and support, technical quality and housing standards, and residential accessibility.Result: The study results show that basic infrastructure, regulatory support, implementation of technical standards, and strategic location have a significant role in the quality of subsidized housing. These findings confirm the importance of synergy between technical and policy aspects in improving the quality and resilience of subsidized housing, especially in disaster-risk areas.
Micro Irrigation and NPK Fertilization to Improve Nutrient Uptake and Flavonoid of Shallot in Karst Land Nana, Fransiska Maria Aprilya; Murtiningrum; Zaki , Muhamad Khoiru; Ximenis, Virgolie Diknas; Ngadisih; Maftukhah, Rizki; Fahima, Sahidatun
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v5i2.115

Abstract

Background: Water and nutrient limitations in karst soils hinder the optimal growth of shallots, so water and nutrient management is carried out using variations in micro-irrigation and NPK fertilization. Variations in micro-irrigation and NPK fertilization can support the growth and flavonoid content of shallots.Aims: This study aims to analyze nutrient uptake and total flavonoid production of shallots in karst soils with variations in micro-irrigation and NPK fertilization.Methods: The research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) containing two main factors. The first factor was the irrigation technique, consisting drip irrigation (I1) and mist irrigation (I2). The second factor was the NPK fertilizer dosage, consisting three levels: 0 kg/ha (N1), 500 kg/ha (N2), and 1000 kg/ha (N3). The parameters observed included soil moisture, soil NPK availability, plant NPK uptake, total flavonoids, growth, and shallot yield.Results: The results showed that mist irrigation with an NPK dose of 1000 kg/ha yielded higher results compared to drip irrigation in terms of soil moisture, NPK availability and uptake, growth, and yield. The highest availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in mist irrigation with a dose of 1000 kg/ha was 0.36%, 89.20 ppm, and 0.66 me%, respectively. Phosphorus uptake in mist irrigation was higher than in drip irrigation, at 0.81% and 0.89%, respectively. Growth and yield under mist irrigation with an NPK dose of 1000 kg/ha also yielded the best results compared to drip irrigation with an NPK dose of 1000 kg/ha, namely plant height (30.69 and 29.74 cm), number of leaves (27.65 and 25.77 leaves), and bulb diameter (30.07 and 27.02 mm). The highest total flavonoid content was observed in drip irrigation with a 500 kg/ha dose compared to mist irrigation with a 500 kg/ha dose, namely (78.83 and 50.96 mg/kg). Overall, irrigation techniques with varying NPK doses were able to increase nutrient and flavonoid uptake in shallot on karst land.
Sensitivity-Based Critical Bus Ranking for Available Transfer Capability Assessment of the Nigeria 330 kV Transmission Network under N−1 Contingencies Ezeonye, Chinonso S; Osuji, Uzoma; Echeme, Tochukwu
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v6i1.141

Abstract

Background: Increasing loadings and recurring contingency of the 330 kV transmission system in Nigeria have led to concerns about voltage stability and available transfer capability (ATC). The determination of these critical buses, which have a great influence on the network performance, is an important issue for planning, operation, and focused reinforcement.Aims and Methods: In this study, a sensitivity oriented approach is developed to rank critical bus and ATC assessment for 330 kV Nigerian grid under N−1 contingency conditions. The framework combines voltage deviation evaluation, ATC calculation, sensitivity ranking, cumulative sensitivity contribution analysis, voltage-ATC coupling evaluation, and post-contingency recovery analysis with a first order exponential model.Result: The findings indicate that system vulnerability is highly location dependent and varies significantly over the network. Bus 22 (Alagbon TS) was identified as the most critical bus with the highest normalised sensitivity index of 1.000 and the most reduction in ATC of 1.65 MW. The cumulative sensitivity analysis showed that the top 15 buses contributed approximately 42% of the total network sensitivity, confirming that vulnerability is concentrated within a relatively small number of locations. The voltage–ATC coupling analysis indicated a strong relationship between the voltage degradation and the transfer capability reduction while the post-contingency recovery assessment proved recovery stability with a recovery time constant of 2.5 s.Conclusion: The proposed sensitivity based approach is used to identify critical buses and to make targeted reinforcement decisions to enhance the reliability and operational security of the Nigeria 330 kV transmission system.
Effects of Different Silicate Concentrations on Growth Performance of Thalassiosira sp. as Live Feed for Shrimp Larvae Hendriana, Andri; Wahyudi, Imam Tri; Permatasari, Sheny
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v6i1.143

Abstract

Background: Diatoms require silicate for frustule formation and optimal cell division, making silicate availability a critical factor in improving microalgal production for aquaculture. Thalassiosira sp. is one of the most widely used live feeds in shrimp hatcheries because of its high nutritional value and suitable cell size for larval consumption.Aims: This study evaluated the effects of different silicate concentrations on the growth performance of Thalassiosira sp. by simultaneously assessing cell density, specific growth rate (SGR), and division rate (DR).Methods: A completely randomized design with four treatments was employed: control (without silicate), 15 ppm (SL15), 20 ppm (SL20), and 25 ppm (SL25), each with three replicates. Cell density was monitored daily for 14 days using a haemocytometer, while SGR and DR were calculated from the exponential growth model.Results: The results showed that silicate supplementation significantly affected all growth parameters (p < 0.05). The highest cell density (4.60 × 10⁶ cells mL⁻¹) was obtained in the SL25 treatment on day 12, whereas the highest SGR (29.17 ± 0.32% day⁻¹) and DR (0.422 ± 0.005 divisions day⁻¹) were recorded in SL20. However, Duncan's Multiple Range Test indicated no significant differences between SL20 and SL25 for SGR and DR, suggesting comparable physiological responses at these silicate concentrations. These findings indicate that silicate concentrations between 20 and 25 ppm provide the optimal range for enhancing the growth performance of Thalassiosira sp. and may improve the efficiency of live-feed production for shrimp hatchery applications.Conclusion: Silicate supplementation significantly improve the growth performance of Thalassiosira sp., as reflected by increased cell density, specific growth rate, and division rate.
Gut Microbiota Modulation by Phytobiotics in Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei): A Literature Review Permatasari, Sheny
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v6i1.144

Abstract

Background: The Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the most economically important aquaculture species worldwide. However, intensive farming practices have increased the incidence of disease outbreaks, environmental stress, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, resulting in reduced productivity and sustainability. Phytobiotics have emerged as promising natural feed additives due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunostimulatory properties, with increasing evidence suggesting their role in modulating gut microbial communities. Nevertheless, current findings remain fragmented across different phytobiotic sources and experimental approaches.Aims: This systematic literature review aimed to synthesize current evidence regarding the effects of phytobiotics on gut microbiota composition, growth performance, immune responses, and disease resistance in L. vannamei.Methods: Literature published between 2015 and 2025 was retrieved from Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar following predefined inclusion criteria, and 20 eligible studies were included in the qualitative synthesis.Results: The reviewed studies consistently demonstrated that phytobiotics promote beneficial gut bacteria while suppressing opportunistic pathogens, particularly Vibrio spp., thereby improving intestinal microbial balance and hepatopancreatic health. These microbial changes were associated with enhanced nutrient utilization, improved feed efficiency, stronger innate immune responses, increased antioxidant capacity, and greater resistance to bacterial infections, ultimately resulting in better growth performance. Although the available evidence supports the potential of phytobiotics as sustainable alternatives to antibiotics, microbiome-based studies remain limited. Future research integrating high-throughput sequencing and multi-omics approaches is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying phytobiotic–microbiota interactions and optimize their application in sustainable shrimp aquaculture.

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