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Research In Chemical Engineering
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28294718     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30595/rice.v1i1
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
RICE: Research in Chemical Engineering is a peer-reviewed open-access journal dedicated to the dissemination of chemical engineering and chemistry research and finding. This journal covers Research Articles, Review Articles, Short communication, and case studies Focus and Scope RICE: Research in Chemical Engineering is an open-access journal dedicated to the dissemination of chemical engineering and chemistry research and finding. This journal covers including Chemical process Water and waste treatment Material Technology Polymer Technology Membrane Technology Separation Technology Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Bioprocess Engineering Food Technology Health and Safety Work Applied Chemical Engineering Applied Chemistry Innovation in Chemistry Renewable Energy chemistry Chemical engineering education And another subject that related to chemical engineering
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 79 Documents
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Utilization of Coffee Grounds as an Adsorbent in Reducing the Levels of Naphthol Dyes of Weaving Industry Wastewater Adlina Fitry; Neni Damajanti; Yeti Rusmiati Hasanah
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i1.174

Abstract

Naphthol dye is one of the synthetic dyes contained in weaving industry waste. One method that can be used to reduce the disadvantageous effects of these substances is by adsorption using activated charcoal adsorbent from coffee grounds. This research aims to determine the character of activated charcoal from coffee grounds and the effect of adsorbent dosage and stirring time on the adsorption of naphthol dye levels. Making activated charcoal from coffee grounds goes through 3 stages, namely the dehydration stage, carbonization stage at 350 oC for 3.5 hours, and activation stage using a 0.1 M HCl activator for 48 hours. The characterization of activated charcoal obtained complies with SNI 06-3730-1995 with results of water content of 3.74%, ash content of 2.12%, and iodine adsorption capacity of 758.29 mg/g, and functional group testing was carried out by varying the adsorbent dosage at 0.125; 0.250; 0.500; 0.750; 1 g (per 100 mL sample) and stirring time for 10; 20; 30; 40; 50 minutes. From the research results, it was obtained the best adsorbent dose and mixing time were 0.5 g and 40 minutes with adsorption efficiency of 98.68% and 99.63%.
Effects of concentration of NPK fertilizer as a Nitrogen Source in fermentation of Bioethanol Nur Hajidah Salsabila; Hiero Azi Priawan; Isna Nur Hasanah; Abdul Haris Mulyadi; Mubshair Naveed; Alwani Hamad
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i2.207

Abstract

Bioethanol is a versatile raw material widely used in the production of ethanol derivatives, pharmaceuticals, fuel additives, alcoholic beverages, solvents, and medicines. Its production involves a fermentation process that can be optimized by adjusting nutrient concentrations. This study investigates the effects of NPK fertilizer concentration as a nitrogen source on the yield and density of bioethanol produced from sugarcane fermentation. The concentrations of NPK fertilizer tested were 0.00%, 0.10%, 1.00%, and 2.00%. The results indicate that low concentrations of NPK, particularly 0.10%, significantly enhanced ethanol production, achieving the highest bioethanol yield of 3.71%. This increase in yield is attributed to the essential nutrients provided by NPK, which support microbial growth and fermentation efficiency. However, as NPK concentration increased to 1.00% and 2.00%, ethanol yield sharply declined to 1.24% and 1.20%, respectively, likely due to osmotic stress and the proliferation of non-ethanol-producing microorganisms, which hindered fermentation efficiency. Regarding bioethanol density, no significant differences were observed across the varying NPK concentrations, with values ranging from 2.31 g/mL to 2.33 g/mL, suggesting that nitrogen supplementation does not influence the physical properties of the bioethanol. The density of the bioethanol produced was far higher than the Indonesian National Standard for fuel-grade ethanol, indicating the need for further purification processes, such as distillation or dehydration, to meet quality standards. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing NPK fertilizer concentrations to maximize ethanol yield while emphasizing the role of post-fermentation treatments for improving bioethanol quality
Impact of Adsorbent Weight, Time, and Temperature on Purification Efficiency with Activated Carbon Rusly Ma'arief; Abdul Haris Mulyadi; Yeti Rusmiati Hasanah
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i1.208

Abstract

Based on data from the Indonesian Biofuel Producers Association 2022, biodiesel production will reach 10.8 billion liters, producing crude glycerol of 10-20% of the total product volume in the transesterification process. Crude Glycerol is a by-product of making biodiesel with low purity because it still contains impurities such as methanol, free fatty acids, KOH catalysts, and water. These impurity compounds must be removed so that the quality of glycerol increases and has a high selling value. Adsorption is one method that can be used to absorb these impurity compounds. This research aims to determine the effect of adsorbent weight, adsorption time, and temperature on glycerol purity levels. This experimental research uses an exploratory factorial design method to determine the most influential factors. The low level of adsorbent weight used is 9%, while the high level of adsorbent weight is 15%. The low-level adsorption time is 60 minutes and the high level is 90 minutes. The adsorption temperature used is a low level of 40℃ and a high level of 80℃. The research results showed that the weight of the adsorbent was the factor that had the most influence on the purity level of glycerol
Influence of Electrode Surface Area and Processing Time on Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) Reduction in Tofu Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Dani Faizal; Anila Wirantika; Neni Damajanti
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i1.209

Abstract

Electrocoagulation is a wastewater treatment process that uses electrochemical working principles to remove contaminants in solutions or wastewater. Where at the anode (negative current) metal ions are released into solution, while at the cathode (positive current) an electrochemical reaction occurs, namely the release of H2 (hydrogen) gas. Factors that influence the electrocoagulation process include electrode type, current strength, electrode cross-sectional area, process time, voltage, stirring, distance between electrodes, and acidity level (pH). The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of the surface area of the electrode and processing time on the COD and TSS of tofu wastewater.  In this research, tofu industry liquid waste was processed using the electrocoagulation method using fixed variables including, Fe-Fe type electrodes, 4 electrodes, acidity level at 4, tofu liquid waste temperature at 25 ̊ C, distance between electrodes 2 cm, electrode thickness 2 mm, test sample of 4 liters and current strength of 13 V. The changing variables used are electrode cross-sectional area (70 cm² and 60 cm²) and processing time (30, 45, 60, 75, 90 minutes).  In this study, the best conditions for reducing COD and TSS levels were obtained with a cross-sectional area of ​​70 cm² and a process time of 60 minutes for reducing COD levels and 30 minutes for reducing TSS levels. With a reduction in COD levels of 690.66 mg/L and a reduction in TSS levels of 181.25 mg/L. The results of reducing COD levels do not meet the tofu industry wastewater quality standard of 300 mg/L, and the results of reducing TSS levels meet the tofu industry wastewater quality standard of 200 mg/L.
Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Snake Fruit Peel via Maceration Raafi Akbar Putra Purnomo; Yeti Rusmiati Hasanah; Neni Damajanti
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i2.210

Abstract

The high consumption of fruit flesh from the snake fruit is not in line with the utilization of fruit peels, which are often considered organic waste that goes to waste. The lack of optimal utilization of fruit peels as organic waste can open up opportunities to develop other alternatives, such as using fruit peels as a source of pectin. The extraction of pectin from fruit peels is carried out using the maceration extraction method with citric acid as the solvent. This research aims to determine the effect of the solvent material ratio and solvent concentration, as well as to understand the characteristics of the resulting pectin product. The results of this study indicate that among the variations in the ratio of materials and solvents, the highest %yield was achieved at a ratio of 1:40 (gr/mL) with a %yield value of 13.15%. In the variations of solvent concentration, the highest pectin %yield was at a concentration of 10% with a %yield value of 17.5%. The characteristics of the produced pectin were the highest equivalent weight of 114.94 mg, the highest methoxyl content of 9.92%, and the highest galacturonic acid content of 1063.04%. Functional group analysis using FTIR showed the presence of the O-H functional group at a wavelength of 3255 cm-1, the aliphatic C-H functional group at a wavelength of 2808 cm-1, the carboxyl (C=O) functional group at 1838 cm-1, and the methyl C-H functional group at a wavelength of 1442 cm-1. Therefore, the best research results were found at 1:40 and a solvent concentration of 10% with the highest %yield, equivalent weight, methoxyl content, and galacturonic acid content
Gel Formulation from Pineapple Leaf Waste with Propylene Glycol Variations for Burn Wound Healing Vinda Afrilia Adi; Gitanjali Darmawan; Rian Dewi Saputri Azahra; Ferra Delan Jelita
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i2.223

Abstract

Despite their potential medicinal properties, pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus L. Merr) are an underutilized agricultural waste. These leaves contain flavonoids, which are known for their ability to aid in wound healing, particularly for burns as a gel. Propylene glycol plays an important role in the formulation of gels due to its ability to enhance the penetration and absorption of active compounds, such as flavonoids from the pineapple leaves. It also helps in maintaining the gel's consistency, ensuring it remains stable and effective for topical applications. in this study, varying concentrations of propylene glycol (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were tested for their efficacy in burn wound healing in Rats. Gel production was prepared by the extraction of pineapple leaf waste and mixed with propylene glycol in varying concentrations (10 -40%) and gel additives. The gel was then applied to burn wound healing in rats. The study involved five groups: four treatment groups receiving gel with propylene glycol concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, and a control group without using gel. Results indicated that the pineapple leaf gel significantly accelerated burn wound healing compared to the control group. Among the formulations, gels with 20% and 30% propylene glycol concentrations demonstrated the most effective and rapid healing properties. These findings highlight the potential of pineapple leaf extract as an economical and sustainable option for topical burn treatment, encouraging further exploration and optimization of its formulation for clinical applications
Edible Coating Innovation Based on Taro Stem (Colocasia esculenta L.) and Used Waste Oil to Prevent Food Loss Vania Evangelista Evelina Susanto; Putu Udayani Pradnya Maheswari; Made Chantika Artameivia Pradnya Putri; Ni Made Margiani
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i2.224

Abstract

Food loss, especially in perishable items like fruits, is a critical global issue. This study introduces “ECOLA,” an innovative edible coating made from taro stem starch (Colocasia esculenta L.) and natural glycerol derived from spent cooking oil. The research aimed to evaluate ECOLA’s chemical properties (solubility and water vapor transmission rate), physical properties (density and tensile strength), and organoleptic characteristics. The coating was applied to extend the shelf life of fruits such as tomatoes, avocados, and mangoes. The optimal formulation, consisting of taro stem starch (2.5 g), CMC (2.5 g), glycerol (2.5 g), and water (175 g), demonstrated remarkable properties, including high tensile strength (47.834 MPa), balanced density (1.190 g/cm³), and strong consumer approval. The coating significantly reduced water vapor transmission and extended fruit freshness by up to 14 days compared to untreated samples. ECOLA showcases tremendous potential for reducing food loss while promoting sustainability through the utilization of organic waste, such as spent cooking oil. By enhancing food preservation in an eco-friendly manner, ECOLA addresses critical challenges in food security and waste management. This study highlights ECOLA as a viable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly solution for the agricultural sector to mitigate food loss and achieve food security targets.
Wastewater Treatment of Tofu Industry Using Microbial Fuel Cell Method Anwar Ma'ruf; Tia Anggraeni
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v3i2.225

Abstract

Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a system for generating electrical energy by utilizing the interaction of bacteria with substrate. MFC generates electricity by oxidizing organic matter with the help of microbes. In this study, the substrate is tofu wastewater and cow rumen bacteria. The MFC used is a dual chamber equipped with a TiO2 clay ceramic membrane. This study aimed to determine the production of electrical energy from tofu liquid waste substrate using MFC technology with the addition of nutrients in the form of urea and bacteria from the cow's rumen. The variation of the ratio of tofu liquid waste used is 20%. 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. While the variations in the concentration of urea used were 1 - 5 grams. The results show that the greater the variation in the ratio of tofu liquid waste, the greater the energy potential. The highest average electric power is 381 volts from the 100% tofu liquid waste ratio. In addition, the greater the urea concentration the more it produces a large energy potential. The highest average electric power is 421 volts from 5 grams of urea concentration. The TiO2 clay ceramic membrane in the MFC system was able to reduce the TSS and TDS values ​​of tofu liquid waste. The highest percentage decrease for TSS is 37% and for TDS is 25% at the variation of the ratio of tofu liquid waste 100%.
Water Extraction Optimization of Rice Leaf Extracts via Face-Centered Composite Design (FCCD) Dwi Ayuni; Chaleeda Borompichaichairtkul
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v4i1.260

Abstract

Rice leaves (Oryza sativa L.) contain a high concentration of bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids and phenolics, which have potential applications in functional foods. This study aims to optimize the decoction process for extracting phenolic compounds from rice leaves using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Face-Centered Composite Design (FCCD) was applied to evaluate the impact of extraction parameters, including time and liquid-to-solid ratio, on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities (FRAP, DPPH, ABTS). Results showed that the pH of the extracts remained stable (6–7) regardless of extraction conditions, while colorimetric analysis indicated that a lower liquid-to-solid ratio and prolonged boiling enhanced yellowness (b*) and chroma. The optimal extraction conditions determined through RSM were a boiling time of 30 minutes and a ratio of 37 mL/g, yielding maximum TPC and antioxidant activities. The model demonstrated statistical significance (p < 0.05), with high R² values (>0.9) and adequate precision (>4). Under these conditions, phenolic extraction efficiency improved by 3–7% compared to previous studies, while solvent usage was reduced by 7.5%. These findings confirm that optimizing decoction parameters enhances the efficiency of phenolic compound extraction while maintaining food-grade suitability, making it feasible for large-scale applications.
Potential of Biosurfactant Extracted from Averrhoa bilimbi Leaves Using the Maceration Method Cindy Dwi Sekar Arum; Cintiya Septa Hasannah; Alfieta Rohmaful Aeni
Research in Chemical Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Research in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/rice.v4i1.264

Abstract

The utilization of natural resources as raw materials for biosurfactants is increasingly urgent to reduce dependence on synthetic surfactants that have the potential to pollute the environment. One potential natural source is Averrhoa bilimbi leaves, which contain chemical compounds such as saponins. This compound acts as a natural biosurfactant that is not only effective but also environmentally friendly, so it can be a solution in overcoming the negative impact of synthetic surfactant use. This study aims to determine the optimal level of saponin as a biosurfactant from starfruit wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) by varying the ratio of starfruit leaf extraction and solvent, as well as examining the height and stability of foam produced by saponin from starfruit wuluh leaves. In addition, this study evaluated the effect of pH on the performance of saponin from star fruit as a biosurfactant. The method used was maceration extraction using ethanol solvent. Saponin testing was carried out by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) test to determine the saponin content of each sample. The test results showed that the highest saponin content was found in the starfruit leaf extraction: solvent ratio variation of 1:12, namely 6.12%, while the best foam height and foam stability test results were found in the starfruit leaf extraction: solvent ratio variation of 1:10, where no foam disappeared for 15 minutes. The pH test showed that pH 7 is considered safe for the environment. Thus, saponin extract from belimbing wuluh leaves has the potential to be an effective and sustainable biosurfactant, which can be a more environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic chemical-based surfactants.

Page 7 of 8 | Total Record : 79

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