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Arie Kusuma Paksi
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Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 28305922     EISSN : 28305914     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18196/jpcn
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
The core of the journal focuses on Paradiplomacy and City Networks which revolves around international cooperation by the regional government, and actorness such as mayors, local legislators, governors, and other sub-national elected officials who have traditionally engaged in international activities for their trade promotion, investment, and economic development through city-to-city exchanges, business study groups, international exchange and capacity building for local bureaucrats, youth exchanges for the benefit of their local communities. Paradiplomacy activities may also include international organizations as interlocutors of the policy processes propelled by local public action. But unlike other data sources, the Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks ensures that unbiased and uninfluenced research is promoted with a vision to contribute to the peace and stability of the international society. We believe that the blatant truth about covert agendas of politics is the only hindrance to sustainable growth. Therefore, our focus remains on the publication of field-based knowledge to uproot the critical problems.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 35 Documents
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Development of Sister City Cooperation Between Semarang and Jung-gu in 2009–2017 Laili Nur Atikah; Christy Damayanti; Untari Narulita Madyar Dewi; Tri Putri Handayani
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i1.22

Abstract

Located in Central Java Province, Semarang City is one of Indonesia’s major urban centers. As a type of paradiplomacy, the Regional Government of Semarang City has established sister city relationships with the governments of Brisbane (Australia), Beihai, Nanjing, and Fuzhou (China), Split (Croatia), and Jung-gu, Ulsan Metropolitan City (South Korea). At the office of the Mayor of Jung-gu in Ulsan Metropolitan City, South Korea, the Governments of Semarang and Jung-gu signed a point of cooperation formalizing their sister city relationship. Shared interests, exchanging potentials, reciprocal relationships, being actively oriented toward the community, the existence of short- and long-term strategic benefits, exclusivity and closeness in the sense of not having a sister city relationship with other cities, and stable political conditions in the country where the sister city was located were all principles that should be prioritized in carrying out this cooperation. The historical foundations of the diplomatic relationships between Semarang and Jung-gu were bolstered by infrastructure and natural resources facilitating and encouraging further development of the two cities’ previously substantial relations. 
Empowering Urban Diplomacy: Surabaya’s Sister City Collaboration with Kitakyushu, Japan for Sustainable Development Rasta Hayuning Dzazira; Dhani Putra Pratama
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i1.17

Abstract

This research examines the dynamic paradiplomacy practices of Surabaya City Government through its robust Sister City cooperation with Kitakyushu, Japan, forged since 1997. Paradiplomacy, as a guide for foreign policy conducted by sub-national actors, provides a platform for cities to engage in international networks and pursue their interest. By applying the International Cooperation Theory and Concepts of Paradiplomacy, this study employs a descriptive qualitative research approach with literature study and interviews to analyze the successful implementation of this collaboration. The research focuses on the city’s concerted efforts towards achieving a Green Sister City status, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals and promoting environmental sustainability. Surabaya’s paradiplomatic endeavors complement the national diplomatic efforts, showcasing Indonesia’s rising regional government’s role in international affairs. The study highlights the significance of urban diplomacy in driving sustainable development initiatives through cross-border collaborations.
Asessing the Impacts of Paradiplomacy on Batam-Singapore Cooperation: A Case Study in Tourism, Economic Growth, and Infrastructure Development Rangga Putra Abdi
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i1.27

Abstract

Paradiplomacy is a concept that enables sub-national entities to establish relationships with counterparts in other countries. One form of paradiplomacy is sister cities, where local governments of one country collaborate with regional governments from other countries to jointly develop their respective regions. The partnership between Batam and Singapore City as sister cities focuses primarily on promoting tourism, while also enhancing cooperation in the development of Batam across various sectors, such as investment, transportation, tourism, labor, and agribusiness. Additionally, they collaborate on projects like the development of Funtasy Island. This research adopts a qualitative methodology, drawing from a range of sources, including research articles, journals, and the latest news updates from all involved parties. The theory of international cooperation is applied to establish correlations between the concepts of paradiplomacy and sister cities, aligning with the study's objectives and discussion. Batam's paradiplomacy efforts operate within the scope of Indonesia's Free Trade Zone (FTZ). Notably, investment emerges as a key focal point, with Batam selected as a primary and priority target for future investments in the region.
Fostering Bilateral Ties: Exploring Paradiplomacy in the Sister City Collaboration between Padang and Ba Ria Vung Tau Adinda Daffa Aprilian; Fatihatur Rahmi Azizah
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i1.33

Abstract

Padang, situated on the west coast of West Sumatra, serves as the capital city of West Sumatra Province, renowned for its thriving industrial, trade, service sectors, and tourism. Owing to the diverse and unique characteristics of Padang, the city has established a Sister City collaboration with Ba Ria Vung Tau. The latter, having expressed keen interest in this partnership, engaged in fruitful negotiations with Padang's Mayor, culminating in the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on May 31, 2016. The primary motivation behind this collaboration is the striking geographical and demographic similarities between the two cities, as well as their shared potential for growth. This paper examines the establishment of Sister City cooperation within the framework of paradiplomacy, which seeks to forge cooperative ties between domestic and foreign regions.
Strategizing Sister City Partnerships: Paradiplomacy, Bilateral Relations, and Sustainable Cooperation in Indonesia Annisa Nadya; Zulfan Fakhri Mahendra; Muhammad Muhajir Yahya
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i1.35

Abstract

This research explored the intricate dynamics of sister city cooperation within the framework of paradiplomacy and bilateral relations, with a specific focus on Indonesia's evolving landscape. By employing a qualitative methodology, the study provided a comprehensive understanding of the structured stages involved in establishing sister city partnerships, from meticulous planning and strategic alignment to the drafting and signing of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). It highlighted the critical role of governmental oversight, legislative approval, and the convergence of local autonomy with national strategies in shaping effective and sustainable international collaborations. Furthermore, the research identified significant challenges in implementation and sustainability, emphasizing the need for robust strategies and active community engagement. Through the lens of Indonesian sister city networks, the study revealed the multifaceted nature of these partnerships, incorporating economic, cultural, educational, and political dimensions. The research aims to offer valuable insights and strategies for policymakers, local government officials, and international organizations engaged in or considering sister city initiatives, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of how these partnerships can foster mutual growth and welfare enhancement.
Unveiling the Implementation of Bandung-Cuenca Sister City Relationship on Indonesian Cultural Diplomacy Yusuf Idrus Malik
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 2: December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i2.36

Abstract

This qualitative study investigated the paradiplomatic engagement between Bandung, Indonesia, and Cuenca, Ecuador, to enhance the global recognition of Indonesian culture, with a special focus on Bandung's batik and traditional angklung music. Employing a descriptive methodology, this research drew on literature reviews, official governmental documents, and theories to underscore the nuanced dynamics of sister city collaborations in fostering cultural exchange and mutual understanding beyond conventional diplomatic channels. Findings indicated that the partnership had pioneered the creation of Ecuadorian-inspired batik designs and the international promotion of angklung and contributed to a broader dialogue on the world’s cultural preservation and innovation. However, challenges remain in achieving substantial advancements for strategic development. This study contributes to the understanding of how local governments can leverage cultural assets to strengthen international relationships, suggesting that the agreements serve as valuable platforms for cultural diplomacy and international outreach. Recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of such partnerships include a greater emphasis on measurable outcomes and reciprocal cultural exchanges.
Smart Cities and Tourism: A Paradiplomatic Approach Between Jakarta and Galicia Rafi Ferdilianto; Bariq Akmal Malik; Christopher David Evans; Fira Najwah BSA; Nadira Refiana
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 2: December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i2.37

Abstract

This study investigates the role of paradiplomacy in fostering enhanced cooperation between Jakarta, Indonesia, and Galicia, Spain, focusing on smart city initiatives and tourism development. Sub-state actors such as city, NGO and MNC nowadays have the rights to participate in the national agenda. In this area, Jakarta and Galicia both are a good example, in which those cities have multiple similarities in achieving their national agenda.  Jakarta is known as a capital city of Indonesia, who become the main area of national economy improvement. Also in the other hand, Jakarta applied a concept of smart city in order to maximize the potential of its own area. Jakarta has sucessfully applied the concept correctly, which it answered by the infrastructure sector Jakarta made MRT and LRT which one of the goals of the concept. Galicia is known as city who has huge potential in its tourism sector and, also the management of the sector is rather quite neat. this paper explores the potential for bilateral paradiplomatic engagement to promote economic and infrastructural development. The findings suggest that paradiplomacy not only serves as a vital instrument for urban development but also paves the way for sustainable and mutually beneficial international collaborations.
The Shift from Paradiplomacy to Protodiplomacy: A Comparative Study of Catalonia and Kurdistan Margaretha Novianti Adistia; Muhammad Anugrah Fidriansyah; Rizka Yeza Utami; Nofi Yanti; Muhammad Faiz Krisnadi
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i1.38

Abstract

This article explored the transition from paradiplomacy to protodiplomacy in Catalonia and Kurdistan, two regions at the forefront of this shift. Protodiplomacy involves the direct participation of subnational entities in diplomatic activities akin to those of recognized nation-states, challenging traditional diplomatic hierarchies and altering the global diplomatic landscape. Catalonia has greater autonomy in matters such as governance and economy, while Kurdistan has more limited autonomy in matters such as security and governance. As such, this research showed that paradiplomacy could serve as a means to increase regional engagement in international politics. This research provided an in-depth analysis of how the South Sulawesi Provincial Government's paradiplomacy initiative impacts the export of agricultural products to Egypt. Through a comparative analysis of Catalonia and Kurdistan, this study elucidated the motivations, consequences, and challenges associated with this transition. It emphasized the significance of effective paradiplomacy practices between central and local governments. Catalonia and Iraqi Kurdistan exemplified modern paradiplomacy, showcasing their capabilities on an international stage. The research identified high Iraqi Kurdish nationalism as a key driver of the shift towards protodiplomacy in Kurdistan. It also highlighted the internal structural factors within Iraq that propelled Iraqi Kurdistan's diplomatic efforts, culminating in a referendum that marked a peak in separatist interest. This research underscored the dynamic nature of protodiplomacy, highlighting the motivations behind subnational diplomatic endeavors and the transformative implications for central-local government relations.
Paradiplomacy and Its Influence on Visitor Trends at Twin World Heritage Sites: A Case Study of Borobudur Temple 2018-2019 Lailatul Lufiah; Miftah Ichwani Gumantiara; Zaky Ramadhan
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i1.39

Abstract

Indonesia, recognized for its substantial tourism potential, has leveraged the iconic Borobudur Temple, a premier cultural heritage site, to bolster its international cultural diplomacy and marketing efforts. This study examines the impact of the Twin World Heritage cooperation program implemented by the Indonesian government through PT. Taman Wisata Candi, on visitor numbers at Borobudur Temple during 2018-2019. The program epitomizes a strategic approach to enhancing cultural relations by facilitating cross-border collaborations and the exchange of expertise in cultural preservation and promotion. Situated in Magelang, Central Java, the Twin World Heritage Program at Borobudur Temple has not only elevated the temple's global profile but has also served as a pivotal instrument in strengthening international cultural ties and fostering mutual appreciation and understanding across nations. The empirical data from this study reveal a notable increase in visitor attendance: domestic visitor figures rose from 3,663,054 in 2018 to 3,747,757 in 2019, while foreign visitor numbers increased from 192,231 to 242,082 over the same period. These findings affirm the program's efficacy in harnessing Borobudur's potential and generating significant socio-economic benefits across multiple sectors.
Enhancing Sustainable Palm Oil Production in West Kalimantan: Paradiplomacy and Solidaridad's Role in Achieving Environmental Goals Hafis Asiraf; Halifa Haqqi; Ganjar Widhiyoga
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 2: December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i2.40

Abstract

The global palm oil industry, particularly in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, faces significant environmental scrutiny, with deforestation for oil palm plantations adversely impacting its reputation. This challenge is compounded by the European Union's regulations against products causing environmental harm, pressuring regional governments to safeguard the sustainability of local agriculture. This study examines the West Kalimantan government's collaboration with Solidaridad Indonesia, a renowned educational and cooperative agency, in transforming the local palm oil industry towards sustainability. Employing a qualitative methodology with a focus on secondary data, the research explores West Kalimantan's paradiplomatic initiatives in the global market through its partnership with Solidaridad. This collaboration is analyzed through the lenses of paradiplomacy and sustainable development goals (SDGs). The findings reveal that West Kalimantan's paradiplomacy has significantly enhanced the image of its palm oil commodities. Key strategies include educational programs for local farmers, promotion of certified palm oil standards, and alignment with SDGs. The study highlights the success of this collaborative approach in meeting the aspirations of West Kalimantan's government towards sustainable development, offering a model for other regions facing similar environmental challenges in the palm oil sector.

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