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Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 28305922     EISSN : 28305914     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18196/jpcn
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
The core of the journal focuses on Paradiplomacy and City Networks which revolves around international cooperation by the regional government, and actorness such as mayors, local legislators, governors, and other sub-national elected officials who have traditionally engaged in international activities for their trade promotion, investment, and economic development through city-to-city exchanges, business study groups, international exchange and capacity building for local bureaucrats, youth exchanges for the benefit of their local communities. Paradiplomacy activities may also include international organizations as interlocutors of the policy processes propelled by local public action. But unlike other data sources, the Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks ensures that unbiased and uninfluenced research is promoted with a vision to contribute to the peace and stability of the international society. We believe that the blatant truth about covert agendas of politics is the only hindrance to sustainable growth. Therefore, our focus remains on the publication of field-based knowledge to uproot the critical problems.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 35 Documents
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Busan's Paradiplomacy: Aspiring to be the World's Premier Film City Windy Dermawan; Sarah Clarissa; RMT Nurhasan Affandi; Rizal Budi Santoso; Nanda Blestri Jasuma
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 2: December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i2.41

Abstract

This study explored the image transformation of Busan, South Korea, from an industrial hub to a globally recognized City of Film. By employing a paradiplomacy framework, the research examined how Busan utilized BIFF as both a cultural event and a strategic tool for international diplomacy, economic development, and city branding. This qualitative research focused on gathering data largely through a comprehensive evaluation of scientific literature, including books and papers relevant to the case study. The analyses delved into the evolution of the BIFF event and its significant role in rebranding Busan from a declining industrial city to the first "City of Film" in Asia, a title bestowed by UNESCO. The study highlighted how the festival had successfully stimulated local economic growth, bolstered creative industries, and facilitated cultural exchange. The result demonstrated that BIFF had been pivotal in repositioning Busan as a significant player in the international film industry and a vibrant cultural destination. In conclusion, Busan's status as Asia's "City of Film" should be sustained, and the ongoing significance of integrating cultural initiatives with wider urban development strategies should also be emphasized.
Enhancing Halal Tourism through Paradiplomacy: Institutional Challenges and Opportunities in the NTB-Bukhara Collaboration Nadiyah Kholilah Yahya; Rizki Dian Nursita; Halilintar Yusuf Kohar
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 2 No. 2: December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v2i2.42

Abstract

The enactment of Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Local Government in Indonesia has paved the way for increased international engagement by local authorities, a practice known as paradiplomacy. In this context, Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) has sought to expand its international cooperation, notably with Bukhara Province, focusing on developing the halal tourism sector. This study critically examines the process and challenges of institutionalizing paradiplomacy between NTB and Bukhara, with a particular focus on halal tourism development. However, the institutionalization of this international cooperation has encountered significant obstacles. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, this investigation analyzed a variety of primary and secondary sources to uncover the underlying factors impeding the process. The study identified several key barriers to the institutionalization of NTB-Bukhara paradiplomacy, including shifts in leadership and policy priorities within NTB's government, delays in formalizing cooperation agreements, a lack of expertise in international relations among local government officials, restrictive central government regulations, and cultural and conceptual discrepancies in the understanding of halal tourism between the two regions. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach, involving not only policy reform and capacity building at the local government level but also a deeper cultural and conceptual alignment between cooperating entities.
Economic and Cultural Partnership Opportunities between Kupang and Chiba Cities through Sister City Cooperation Vlegon Tneh; Maryolanda Zaini
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i1.43

Abstract

The Kupang city government has officially proposed a sister city partnership with Chiba, Japan, through representatives of the Japanese government in Bali. This proposal, currently in the initial stages, aims to explore the potential economic and cultural benefits of such a collaboration. This cooperation involves the governments of Kupang City and Chiba City in enhancing economic and cultural cooperation between the two, with the aim of increasing cooperation in trade, investment, and culture, as well as increasing cooperation in education, technology, and infrastructure. This research identifies Chiba as an ideal partner for Kupang, given their various economic and cultural similarities and complementary potentials. By employing qualitative research methods, this study comprehensively examined the prospective advantages of the sister-city relationship. The findings revealed significant opportunities for both cities, including the establishment of an international trade route between Kupang and Chiba and the creation of a central institution dedicated to the research and preservation of their cultures. Based on these insights, the study recommends that the city governments of Kupang and Chiba initiate negotiations and formalize their sister city cooperation, as the anticipated benefits would substantially enhance the development and prosperity of both cities.
Enhancing Agricultural Export Performance: The Role of South Sulawesi's Paradiplomacy in Expanding Trade with Egypt Muhammad Yoga Dwi Anugrah; Halifa Haqqi; Dimas Bayu Pinandoyo
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i1.44

Abstract

This study provides an in-depth analysis of how the South Sulawesi Provincial Government's paradiplomacy initiatives have impacted agricultural product exports to Egypt. The research employs a conceptual framework integrating Paradiplomacy and International Trade, aiming to assess the effects of these policies on export volumes. Utilizing a descriptive research methodology, the study elucidated the strategies and roles adopted by the regional government in promoting exports. Key findings indicated that South Sulawesi engages in global paradiplomacy, functioning as a facilitator to enhance export performance. Effective promotional strategies identified included personal selling, public relations through webinars and training sessions, and participation in trade exhibitions. By applying the concept of global diplomacy, the Government of South Sulawesi Province can use its autonomy to establish trade relations and expand market access to Egypt, thereby improving the export performance of local agricultural products. The research highlights the crucial role of regional governments in boosting agricultural exports through infrastructure development and service improvements. By adopting global paradiplomacy, the South Sulawesi Government has successfully established trade relations and expanded market access to Egypt, resulting in a notable increase in agricultural export volumes. This study underscores the significant positive contributions of paradiplomacy to regional economic growth through international trade expansion.
Evaluating the Impact of Sister City Cooperation between Bandung and Kawasaki on Environmental Sustainability Cholifatul Latifah Sabati
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i1.45

Abstract

This research provided an in-depth analysis of the role of paradiplomacy practiced by the Government of South Sulawesi Province in enhancing agricultural exports to Egypt. The study utilized a conceptual framework integrating Paradiplomacy and International Trade, focusing on the impact of paradiplomacy policies on export volumes. The methodology was rooted in descriptive research, aiming to depict the findings clearly and comprehensively. Results indicated that the Government of South Sulawesi Province engages in the form of paradiplomacy termed global paradiplomacy, acting as a facilitator in international trade. Effective strategies for promoting exports included personal selling, public relations through webinars and training sessions, and participation in trade exhibitions. The research highlighted the crucial role of regional governments in boosting agricultural export volumes, supported by efforts in infrastructure development and service improvements. The application of global paradiplomacy enabled the Government of South Sulawesi Province to autonomously establish trade relations and expand market access to Egypt, leading to a significant increase in agricultural exports. This study offered a comprehensive overview of how paradiplomacy practices can positively impact regional agricultural exports, emphasizing the successful export promotion strategies and their outcomes. The findings demonstrated the effectiveness of paradiplomacy in fostering regional economic growth through international trade expansion.
Strengthening Paradiplomacy for Migrant Worker Protection: The Collaboration Between Riau Islands Province and Johor State (2019–2024) Anshari, Muhammad Ilham; Mahfudin, Irvan Aladip
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 2: December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i2.47

Abstract

This study examines the paradiplomatic collaboration between the Riau Islands Provincial Government and the State of Johor in safeguarding Indonesian migrant workers (PMI) from 2019 to 2024. As a critical gateway for Indonesian labor migration to Malaysia, the Riau Islands face ongoing challenges in providing adequate protection for migrant workers, particularly within border regions. Using David Criekmans' framework on paradiplomacy, this research explored the dynamics, challenges, and limitations of the cooperative efforts between these sub-national governments. The study employed a descriptive qualitative methodology, drawing on document analysis and case studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the actions undertaken. The findings highlight significant barriers to effective collaboration, including (1) insufficient political representation and coordination between the two sub-national governments; (2) central government dominance in decision-making, limiting local authority; (3) bilateral agreements that inadequately address migrant worker protection; and (4) constrained sub-national diplomatic efforts under central government oversight. These factors impeded the ability of the Riau Islands Province and Johor State to act as pivotal actors in resolving migrant worker-related challenges. This research contributed to the discourse on paradiplomacy by identifying the structural and operational shortcomings in cross-border collaboration for migrant worker protection, offering insights for strengthening sub-national cooperation in similar contexts.
Alexandria’s Paradiplomacy: Leveraging Cultural Heritage and Economic Strategies for Mediterranean Leadership Idrus Malik, Yusuf; Kwei Haliday Nyingchia
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 2: December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i2.49

Abstract

Alexandria, historically known as a nexus of trade and culture, is emerging as a prominent subnational actor in Mediterranean diplomacy through a process known as paradiplomacy. This article explores the mechanisms by which Alexandria harnesses its cultural heritage, strategic positioning, and economic initiatives to strengthen its global influence. Employing a qualitative descriptive methodology, the study drew on secondary data from academic literature, municipal policy documents, and practical case studies of Alexandria’s international collaborations. The findings indicate that Alexandria successfully integrated cultural diplomacy—exemplified by heritage preservation, city branding, and membership in organizations such as the Union for the Mediterranean—with targeted economic strategies to attract foreign investment and expand port infrastructure. These multifaceted efforts bolster Alexandria’s regional standing as a hub of both cultural exchange and commercial activity. However, challenges persist in balancing heritage conservation with modernization demands, including urban development and the maintenance of sustainable economic growth. Overall, this research underscores that Alexandria’s paradiplomatic endeavors not only elevate its role as a cultural ambassador but also enhance its economic competitiveness. By carefully negotiating between historical preservation and forward-looking economic policies, the city demonstrates that local governments can serve as influential agents on the international stage. The article concludes that Alexandria’s experience provides a compelling model for understanding how culturally rich and strategically located cities can leverage paradiplomacy to achieve comprehensive development and greater global engagement.
City Diplomacy Toward the Attainment of UN SDGs: Quezon City, Philippines (2019-2023) P. Agustin, Ma. Regina
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 2: December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i2.50

Abstract

Since 2019, Quezon City (QC) has actively sought to address sustainability partly through international activities. Meanwhile, the Philippines has been stagnating in the achievement of the UN SDGs. By contextualizing Kuznetsov’s (2015) paradiplomacy framework using a review of digital archival data from official government websites and reputable news outlets, this study argues that QC pursued international activities related to the UN SDGs with the help of an encouraging international and regional environment that provided opportunities for cities to participate in sustainability efforts, supportive national development directives and legal frameworks, and Mayor Belmonte’s dedication to sustainability. Furthermore, QC facilitated international activities through the creation of departments on climate change and sustainable development. These aided in Paradiplomacy activities on sustainability, which include (1) membership in international city networks, (2) participation in campaigns or commitments towards the achievement of goals related to sustainability, (3) participation in international fora and knowledge-sharing on the issue area, (4) city-to-city cooperation, and (5) partnerships with other organizations. In response, the national government has reaffirmed the role of local government units in the achievement of global goals in the realm of the environment and sustainability.
Constructing Peace Identity: Hiroshima's Diplomatic Role in Nuclear Disarmament Mubin, Sayyidul; Ramadhan, Fahrizal Basanto
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 2: December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i2.52

Abstract

This article focused on how Hiroshima created and managed its peace identity and transformed itself into a strong player within global nuclear disarmament diplomacy. Based on constructivist theory, which states that identity and interests are developed through social interaction and interpretation, the study examined how Hiroshima evolved from a city that suffered as a result of the atomic explosion to become a strong advocate for nuclear disarmament. The qualitative case study approach was supported by process tracing and document analysis, and findings showed three important areas of the diplomatic evolution of Hiroshima: firstly, the capacity to change from being a war victim to a victor advocating for peace-building strategies and memorial strategies; secondly, the creation of a wide range of diplomatic relations through Mayors for Peace and other international associations; and third, the promotion of the nuclear disarmament norm through advocacy, education, documentation of survivors’ stories, and the encouragement of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. The results showed the potential for cities to establish and use specific diplomatic identities that help in the modification of governance, more so in cases where state-to-state diplomacy is ineffective. This work adds to the body of knowledge on how non-state actors influence the structure and constructivism of norms and identity in nuclear politics.
Strengthening Paradiplomacy between West Kalimantan and Malaysia through the Socio-Economic Working Group Program: A Case Study on the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic Manda Retha Cahyaningrum; Eva Nur Aprillia
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 3 No. 2: December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v3i2.62

Abstract

The World Health Organization’s (WHO) designation of COVID-19 as a pandemic in mid-March 2020 demanded adaptive policies across various sectors, including the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) abroad. This study examines how paradiplomacy carried out by the West Kalimantan Provincial Government contributes to mitigating the negative impact of the pandemic on PMI in Malaysia, particularly through the framework of the Malaysian-Indonesian Socio-Economic Working Group (KK SOSEK MALINDO). Many countries, including Malaysia, implemented social distancing and lockdown measures to curb the spread of COVID-19, which also led to economic slowdowns affecting migrant workers. Given the large number of Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia (over 80,000), safeguarding their rights became a key concern. The findings of this research reveal that the paradiplomacy approach, which facilitates collaboration among local governments and other relevant stakeholders, has helped address challenges faced by PMI—such as issues of legal status, healthcare access, and the provision of social assistance. This study advances our understanding of paradiplomacy in the Indonesia-Malaysia border region and underscores the importance of cross-actor synergy in the context of responding to global crises.

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