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Jurnal Sain Veteriner

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 012660421 EISSN : 24073733 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 14 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI" : 14 Documents clear

Molecular Identification of Avian Influenza A Virus in House Flies (Musca domestica Linnaeus) Collected from Different Poultry Farms in Indonesia Hastari Wuryastuti; R. Wasito
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

To date, the outbreaks of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in Indonesia are still highly lethal to poultry. The AIV in Indonesia has also infected to humans and make the AIV situation is more serious than in other Asian countries. It is believed that the most likely source of AIV H5N1 infection is the chicken. Since the fly is a wellknown cosmopolitan pest of the poultry farm and home as well as a valuable alternative vehicle of diseasecausing microorganisms, the possibility of the presence of AIV H5N1 in the house flies (Musca domestica L) was investigated with the overall aim of determining the possible mechanical and/or biological vector of avian influenza virus. The RT-PCR was performed on abdominal parts of the house flies. The present of influenza A H5N1 was confirmed by RT-PCR with primers specific for NP, H5 and N1 genes. In the present study, all flies molecularly analyzed have gene expression of avian influenza virus of subtype H5N1. The RT-PCR detects AIV H5N1 isolates of the houseflies samples of the different geographic origin (Sidrap, South Sulawesi, Blitar and Malang, East Java and Karanganyar, Central Java). All those provinces had the different history of the AIV H5N1 outbreaks. On the other hand, results of the RT-PCR assay on the flies collected from Tuban, East Java in the area where never had any AIV outbreaks considered to be negative AIV H5N1 gene expression. Our findings suggest that, in Indonesia, houseflies may be important in the transmission of AIV H5N1. Further studies, however, still need to be done to decide whether houseflies is a mechanical and/or biological vector of avian influenza virus H5N1.

The Pathological Study of Suspected Swollen Head Syndrome in Broiler Chickens Bambang Sutrisno; Sitarina Widyarini; R Wasito; Hastari Wuryastuty
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jsv.2624

The objective of this study was to determine the pathological lesions of the broiler chickens having the clinical signs that appeared to be the swollen head syndrome (SHS), such as simetrically and bilaterally swollen periorbital areas. Eighteen broiler chickens were collected from three poultry farms of the three diffrerent areas, e.g. Kulonprogo, Sleman and Bantul at Special Province of Yogyakarta, respectively. Six of those broiler chickens were selected from each poultry farm consisted of three SHS- broiler chickens and three non SHS-broiler chickens. All of broiler chickens were necropsied, observed anatomic patologic lesions, and then the organs of interest were processed and stained routinely with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathologic examination. Subcutaneus edema and cellulitis were found in the frontal and occipital skin. Based on the histopathological examination, purulent and granulomatous cellulitis and lymphocytic perivasculitis, and subcutaneus edema were found in the frontal and occipital skin. Other lesions, such as: necrotic, lymphocytic sinusitis, tracheitis and pneumonia accompanied by atrophy of mucosal glands were also present. It is concluded that the pathological lesions of SHS in the broiler chickens were found not only in the frontal and occipatal skin, but also in both lower and upper respiratory tracts.

Comparation Protection Level of Newcastle Disease in Broiler Sarwo Edy Wibowo; Widya Asmara; Michael Haryadi Wibowo; Bambang Sutrisno
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Newcastle Disease (ND) is both respiratory and digestive diseases in poultry caused by avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1). Field data showedthat there were still many cases of Newcastle Disease faced by farmers despite of vaccination programs had been doneroutinely. The aim of this research is to find out the effectiveness of some routine ND vaccination program in broiler chiken challengedeither with viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle Disease (VVND) virus or virulent ND virus from field isolates. One hundred broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups of 25 each. In theGroup I,vaccination was carried out at day 1 with combination of ND-IB live vaccineand ND killed vaccine, and booster at day 18 with live ND vaccine, in the Group II, chickens were vaccinated with live ND-IB vaccine at day 1 and day 18 and in the Group III, chickens were vaccinated with live ND-IB vaccine at day 1 and vaccinated with ND live vaccine at day 18. Challenge test performed in twenty broiler chickens of each group with virulent ND that has chicken lethal dose fifty (CLD50) 4,8. Virus preparation 26 and then diluted to 10-4, to obtain dilution 10000. Twenty chicken from each group were then given 0.5 cc dilution of 6 HA virulent virus at 28 days of old. Six challenged chicken from group I showed ND clinical symptom and were eventually death. This mean that the vaccine program provided 70% protection. Whereas all challenged chicken from the Groups II and III were sick, then died meaning that these vaccination programs did not give any protection at all. Bsed on the present study, it is concluded that the administration of ND live vaccine priming along with ND killed vaccine is needed to improve the protection against velogenic NDV.

Potency of Medicinal Plants for Eradication of Avian Influenza : In Vitro Test on Vero Cells Agus Setiyono; Nurliani Bermawie
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Some of medicinal plants indicate their potency as anti-viral such as Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees), Temu Ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa L.), Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) and Adas (Foeniculum vulgare). Avian Influenza (AI) H5N1 strain viruses used in this study was isolated from field in Cikole area, West Java in July 20th 2007. To explore the potency of medicinal plants as anti-viral substance, the consecutive assays were performed by virus infection inhibition test in in vitro study using Vero cells. After the Vero cells were growing confluently, they were treated with sterilized-extract of medicinal plants either in single or combination. Furthermore, the culture cells were infected with AI H5N1 strain virus, then incubated at 37oC and examined for cytopathic effect (CPE) microscopically. The result showed that extract of Sambiloto and combination of Sambiloto and Temu Ireng were stronger than others in inhibition of virus attachment and infection to the cells. The Vero cells still alive up to 3rd day post infection with AI H5N1 virus after treatment with Sambiloto and Temu Ireng. In conclusion, extract of Sambiloto and Temu Ireng showed their potency as candidate for anti-viral substances that may needed for eradicating AI infection.

Bactericidal test of endotoxin crystal extract of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (H-14) on the larvae of aedes aegypti, Anopheles aconitus and Culex quinquefasciatus Yusnita Mirna Anggraeni; Blondine Christina P; Rendro Wianto
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (H-14) has been known as toxin-forming biolarvacide (ä-endotoxin) which effectively kills the larvae of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles aconitus and Culex quinquefasciatus. The crystal of ä-endotoxin is target specific and has high toxicity to the organism of target. The objective of the study was to obtain the crystal of ä-endotoxin by extracting it from Bt (H-14) which is able to kill the larvae of Ae. aegypti, An. aconitus and Cx. quinquefasciatus. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Microbiology Research Center for Disease Vector and Reservoir Salatiga for nine months in 2010. The lethal concentration (LC) value of ä-endotoxin against the larvae of Ae. aegypti, An. aconitus and Cx. quinquefasciatus respectively were 0.06 (LC50 ); 0.17 ppm (LC90 ); 0.21(LC50 ); 0.49 ppm (LC90 ); 3.58 (LC50 ) and 9.19 ppm (LC90 ).

The Analysis of Amount and Various Age of Productive Female Bali Cattle that Slaughtered at Abbatoirs I Wayan Suardana; I Made Sukada; I Ketut Suada; Dyah Ayu Widiasih
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Abstract Base on the ability for surviving at the limited vegetations, bali cattle is famous as a pioneer cattle. Although the fertility of Bali cattle has known so high (up to 80%), but the slaughter of productive female of bali cattle from year to year is so high too, so that the existance of Bali cattle in the future is threatened extinct. The accurate data indicating the amount of Bali cattle slaughtered at the abbatoirs are not available yet, exactly from the Pesanggaran and Mambal abbatoirs as the bigger abbatoirs in Bali. The study used 246 heads of Bali cattle originated from Pesanggaran, and 232 heads of Bali cattle originated from Mambal abbatoirs, respectively. The study indicated as many as 81,7%, and 87,5% of Bali cattle slaughtered at those abbatoirs were female. According to their ages, most of them were productive too, i.e. 99% at Pesanggaran, and 67,49% at Mambal abbatoirs, respectively. These result indicated it is needed a special attention from the Bali government exactly from the Animals Husbandry Officer in order to prevent the loss of Bali cattle populations in the future.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION BACTERIA OF CLINICAL MASTITIS ON ETTAWAH CROSSBRED GOAT Widodo Suwito; A.E.T.H. Wahyuni; Widagdo Sri Nugroho; Bambang Sumiarto
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

ABSTACT Ettawah crossbred goat (PE) IS much more usefull to milk goat produce. One of constraints in milk goat is clinical mastitis. Clinical mastitis is economic inflict a financial lost because stopped of milk production, high cost of treatment, and even cause death. The aim of the present study was to determine the kind bacteria that can cause clinical mastitis in PE. A total of 13 clinical mastitis milk and water used to wash the six udder samples were collected from dairy PE farms. All samples were subjected for isolation and identification of bacteria based on biochemical reactions. From the clinical mastitis milk samples, bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (55.55%), Pseudomonas sp (27.77%), Streptococcus sp (8.3%) and Bacillus sp (8.33%). Whereas, Pseudomonas sp (77.77%) and Bacillus sp (22.23%) were isolated from the water used to wash the udder. The study showed that more clinical mastitis in PE caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Water use to wash the udder was source of Pseudomonas sp causing clinical mastitis in PE.

Histopatologis Dugaan Edwardsiella tarda sebagai Penyebab Kematian Ikan Maskoki (Crassius auratus) : Postulat Koch Atik Ratnawati; Uni Purwaningsih; Kurniasih .
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to know the influence experimental infection of Edwardsiella tarda was isolated from sick koi fish (Cryprinus caprio) to the histologic features of liver, kidney, gill, brain, intestine and muscle in Goldfish (Carassius auratus) based on Koch Postulate. Three goldfishes (KK) were used in this reseach. KK was infected by Edwardsiella tarda as much as 0.1ml i.m.. KK1 died on the 4th day and KK2 and KK3 died on the 25th day. All the fishes were then necropsied. The livers, kidneys, gills, brains, intestines and muscles were taken for making the histopathologic preparation. Bacteriologic observation of KK1 was conducted by cultivating the bacteria into Brillliant Green Agar (BGA), Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSI Agar), Urea Agar, Motility Agar, Peptone Broth, sugars and oksidation test. Result of histopathologic observation showed that there was necrosis, congestion and macrofag limpocytes and neutrophisl infiltrations in the livers,colloid mass and melanomacrofages in the kidney, congestion and proliferation of secondary lamellae, limfosit and macrofag infiltration of the brain, a melanomacrofag of the muscle and the intestine showed there was limphocytes, and macrofages infiltration in the brain, and melanomacrofages in the muscles as well. It was suspected that those bacteria was Edwardsiella tarda.

Study of The Effects of Carboxymethyl Chitosan on The Non-specific Defense System in The Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) Ristyana Dewi Hernawati; Triyanto .; Murwantoko .
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Abstract Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a freshwater fish with a high economic value, but very susceptible to diseases. One of effort to increase the productivity is by enhancing non-specific defense system. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of carboxymethyl chitosan on enhancement non-specific defense system of carp. Carboxymethyl chitosan was obtained by alkylation process in which monochloroacetic acid in alkaline conditions was added. Carboxymethyl chitosan was given to carps at dosages of 30 μg/g, 75 μg/g and 105 μg/g, by intra muscular injection respectively. Seven and 14 days after administration of carboxymethyl chitosan, measurements of non-specific immune system parameters were done. The results showed that, administration of carboxymethyl chitosan on carps affected the phagocytic activity and lymphocytes counts. However, carboxymethyl chitosan did not give any effect to NBT activity, hematocrit, number of erythtocytes and leukocytes, monocytes and neutrophil counts in blood as well.

The Effectiviness of Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa L.) Leave Extract for the Treatment of Aeromonas salmonicida Infection in Catfish (Pangasioniodon hypophthalmus) Sumino .; Asep Supriyadi; Wardiyanto .
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 31, No 1 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Abstract Catfish is one of the fish species with certain advantages that attract the farmers interest to culture. The species becomes popular following the successful spawning in the pond. Additionally, catfishes have high economic value due to their rapid growth and response to good artificial feed. Their farming activities are inseparable from concerns about their potential diseases. Diseases in farmed fish can be caused by fungi, parasites, bacteria and viruses. One type of bacterium to take serious control is Aeromonas salmonicida. This pathogenic bacteria may cause furuncle and death of farmed fish. The use of ketapang leaves is effective in inhibiting or killing the pathogenic A. salmonicida in catfish. In the present study, each test used a sample of 10 catfishes of approximately 10 cm in size. Parameters of the test consist of survival rates and pathologic lesions. The feed treatment consisted of ketapang leaf extract in concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 mg / ml, and a positive control and a negative control. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates, and were analyzed statistically. The results indicated that the LD50 (Lethal Dose), MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) are 107 cfu/ml, 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml, respectively. The most effective concentration of ketapang leaf for the treatment of A. salmonicida infection in the catfish is 200 mg/ml. This is indicated by the highest level of catfish survival and the lowest rate of the pathologic lesions.

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