International Review of Humanities Studies
International Review of Humanities Studies is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal published by the Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia. This journal accepts original articles about various issues in humanities, which include but is not limited to philosophy, literature, archeology, anthropology, linguistics, history, cultural studies, philology, arts, library, and information science focused on studies and research.
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<![CDATA[ACCULTURATION OF PERANAKAN CULTURE IN THE DIVERSITY OF LAKSA MENU IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Akbar Haryo]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The Peranakan refers to one ethnic group that originated from many Chinese ethnicities that intermarriage and assimilated with local people in many places in Southeast Asia. They bring many inventions, which enriched cultures and heritages in many Southeast Asian places. One of the most well-known cuisines from Peranakan birth is a Laksa. Laksa is a complex dish consisting of noodles, a side dish usually consisting of seafood, chicken, or egg, and savory broth with many spices and herbs. Laksa can be found in many Southeast Asian countries, especially places with a significant Chinese descendent population. The diversity of the laksa menu is a major marker of the influence of the Peranakan culinary culture in Southeast Asia.]]>
<![CDATA[BATTLE OF CULTURES: TRANSLATING FIGURATIVE INSULTS IN REMY SYLADO’S CA-BAU-KAN ]]>
<![CDATA[Jaya, Doni]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Translating figurative insults is one of the challenging features of literary translation because these expressions are often culture-bound and produce specific effect. This study seeks to propose a translation produced using predominantly foreignizing approach in an attempt to preserve the original effects, connotations, and nuances of the source text and to examine the extent to which foreignization and domestication can work together when used to deal with certain text types. The source text is taken from Remy Sylado’s novel Ca-Bau-Kan: Hanya Sebuah Dosa, particularly figurative verbal insults between several characters because of their offensive and hilarious double-effect unique to the Betawi culture of Indonesia. Analysis found 9 non-substitutions, 14 partial substitutions, and 7 total substitutions of figurative images, which reflects the translator’s foreignizing tendency. However, there are also some domesticating strategies in order to avoid gross awkwardness and/or loss of effect due to target language constraints and the connotative neutrality of perfect literal equivalents. This study demonstrates that the foreignization approach can be applied with little domestication when the source text shows high originality and the target language has the right linguistic devices to accommodate it.]]>
<![CDATA[THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF JAPANESE POP CULTURE IN SINGAPORE ]]>
<![CDATA[Drinanda, Mohammad Khaifaz]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Singapore has many advantages that can be exploited by Singapore. One of them is with popular culture. Now popular culture is one part of the culture that is being loved by the younger generation. This relates to the younger generation who are advanced in technology and novelty. One of them is from Japan. Japan is now progressing in terms of popular culture, although in general it is still quite low. This discussion will discuss the history of popular culture in Singapore. Then discuss what events can be part of Japanese popular culture in Singapore. The economic and cultural impact also has an impact on the development of Japanese popular culture in Singapore which further shows that Singapore is one of the countries that can be relied upon and spread to the Southeast Asia region.]]>
<![CDATA[KAMPUNG BAHARI NUSANTARA AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR MULTI-SECTOR DEVELOPMENT OF A VILLAGE ]]>
<![CDATA[Sriadi, Sriadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Y.S., Victor Pardamean]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurisnaeny, Poppy Setiawati]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Kampung Bahari Nusantara is a village that can serve as a form of unity between the Indonesian Army and the coastal communities to support the Indonesian Navy's task of developing maritime potential. Maritime potential development activities are carried out independently or with support from the government or non-ministerial government institutions, as well as other components of the nation, in order to realize the maritime defense power. These activities strengthen the maritime defense in facing threats, disturbances, obstacles, and challenges, including the development of sea dimension strength, and assists the government in preparing national potential by fostering demographic geography and social conditions. This research on the participation of the Lamongan Coastal Community was carried out using qualitative research methods with direct and indirect sources from various writings. This research utilizes a naturalistic method as it is carried out in a natural setting and is based on the experience research subjects.]]>
<![CDATA[STRATEGIES USED IN TRANSLATING THE FANTASTIC EVENTS IN VENUS DARI KOTA ILLE ]]>
<![CDATA[Rizkya, Ria]]>;
<![CDATA[Budiman, Arif]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The fantastic (le fantastique) is a literary genre that originated from France, which has a specific characteristic of an ambiguous event that cannot be found in other literary works from other countries that introduce similar genres. This study discusses the translation strategies used to translate these fantastic events in Venus dari Kota Ille, the Indonesian translation version of the fantastic story of La Vénus d'Ille by Mérimée (1837). The objective of this research is to see what strategies the translator use in translating the fantastic events that are present in the French version that contained uncanny elements and whether these elements are preserved in the Indonesian translation. By implementing the theory of translation techniques by Molina & Albir (2002), six translation strategies are found in Venus dari Kota Ille, namely established equivalent, literal translation, modulation, calque, compensation, and amplification. These translation strategies are used to maintain the uncanny element of supernatural creatures in the characteristics of a French fantastic story. In addition, the translator also creates a more intensive sinister element in the target text (TT) by using compensation. These results show that although there are differences in the characteristics of French and Indonesian literary works, these characteristics can still be maintained within the translation. However, this does not guarantee that the translator will not give any additions to the translation to emphasize the message in the TT.]]>
<![CDATA[RE-IMMIGRATION OF EX-LAOTIAN REFUGEES IN INDONESIA: THE MEANING OF IDENTITY THROUGH NOSTALGIA FOR THE NEXT GENERATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Armandaru, Rio]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurnia, Lilawati]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[In 1975, the communist revolution in Laos forced approximately 400,000 Lao citizens into exile. They had no other choice besides leaving their home country. These refugees are scattered in western countries and neighboring countries in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The detachment of the ex-refugees next generation to their home country (Laos) becomes a problem in determining their identity when they return to Laos. This research focuses on narrating the identity of the next generation of ex-Laotian refugees in Indonesia. The next generation of ex-Laotian refugees in Indonesia interprets their identity as Indonesians rather than Laotians. This study will provide an overview of how identity is interpreted as a structure of feeling for a space in the form of nostalgia. Considering the phenomenon of forced migration will form a sentimental sense that forms self-determination to define the next generation of ex-Laotian refugees' identity. Through Cultural Studies especially using ethnography, this research will examine how the identity of the next generation of ex-refugees is constructed through a series of nostalgia for their refugee places in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF BIG BROTHER WATCH’S STOP COVID PASSES CAMPAIGN ]]>
<![CDATA[Bachtiar, Iman Yusuf]]>;
<![CDATA[Handayani, Lucia Lusi Ani]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Nineteen Eighty-Four has been widely recontextualised in many different situations, but there has not been any discourse that tries to relate it with surveillance issues in the U.K. in the context of Covid-19 pandemic other than Big Brother Watch’s Stop Covid Passes campaign. This paper aims to discuss how the civil liberties organisation brings the fear of surveillance state presented in the novel into the real life situation happening in the U.K. society.via their public campaign called Stop Covid Passes. The campaign showcases a lot of negative evaluation of the mandatory Covid passes. However, not all agree with the campaign, and many have criticised it as an anti-vaccine movement. This paper conducts qualitative research through the three-dimensional framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) presented by Norman Fairclough to reveal the organisation's true intention behind the campaign and to examine the role of Nineteen Eighty-Four in this particular context. The findings show that the intention is indeed to stop the U.K. from becoming a surveillance state.]]>
<![CDATA[A STUDY OF COLONIAL INSCRIPTIONS IN STOVIA SALEMBA: THE MARKER OF MEDICAL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN DUTCH EAST INDIES ]]>
<![CDATA[Fitri, Zulfa Nurdina]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[STOVIA serves as a starting point of medical education in Indonesia and is interesting for historical study, especially after the discovery of inscriptions. This inscription consists of different letters and languages and, despite its limited information, clearly plays a pivotal role as a means of communication in its era. Inscriptions are considered the most reliable data source as they are made in their era and need to be studied, transliterated, and translated. This paper reviews two inscriptions found in STOVIA Salemba: the groundbreaking and the building inauguration and appreciation for one of the directors of STOVIA, dr. J. Noordhoek Hegt. This study was conducted to extract the information from the inscription to allow the community learns from its content. This paper also discusses the role of the colonial inscription as the marker of medical institution development in the Dutch East Indies.]]>
<![CDATA[NGANJUK BRONZE STATUES (ARCA) ANALYSIS BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF VAJRADHATU MANDALA IN SHINGON BUDDHISM ]]>
<![CDATA[Suyono, Seno Joko]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This paper wants to show the relationship between bronze statues and mandala. The object of the research is 23 small bronze statues of Nganjuk owned by the National Museum. These statues were once part of a statues collection found in the rice fields of Candi Lor, Nganjuk in 1913. Candi Lor is a temple built by Mpu Sindok. This paper presumes that these bronze statues of Nganjuk are statues that were placed on the altar during the Mpu Sindok era for ritual purposes. This paper argues that the Nganjuk bronze statues represent a certain type of mandala. The paper shows that the mandala of the statues is the Vajradhatu Mandala. For this purpose, this study is using the Vajradhatu Mandala concept of Shingon Buddhism. F.D.K Bosch in an article in 1929 mentioned the possibility of reading the Nganjuk statues based on the Shingon mandala, but he wrote about it briefly. Shingon Buddhism is a sect of Buddhism in Japan, which has been known since the 9th century to date using the Vajradhatu Mandala. Shingon founder, Kukai, studied the concept of the mandala in China. Recent studies show the concept of Vajradhatu Mandala was not only brought by Kukai to Japan but also spread to Southeast Asia, although it was later replaced by other types of mandalas.The Vajradhatu Mandala is a mandala centered on Vairocana. There is a core layer and an outer layer in the Shingon concept in the Vajradhatu Mandala. The core layer consists of 37 main pantheons and the outer layer is a layer that contains protective deities. The last layer of this outer layer is called Trailokyavijaya that consists of the incarnations of Vajrapani and several deities that have krodha’s expression. The objective of this paper is to show that the remaining Nganjuk statues owned by the National Museum have these elements: Vairocana, the Four Tathagatas, and also Trailokyavijaya.]]>
<![CDATA[VISUALITY, LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION IN COVID-19 NIGERIAN SOCIAL MEDIA IMAGES ]]>
<![CDATA[Maledo, Richard Oliseyenum]]>;
<![CDATA[Ativie, Karoh]]>
<![CDATA[ International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 7, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Covid-19 is one of the most disturbing infections that has rattled the world in recent history. This flu affected nearly all the countries of the world with different degrees of medical, scientific, social and scholarly attentions. The humanities are not left out from the perspective of language and communication during the pandemic. In the light of the above, this paper undertakes a multimodal semiotic analysis of Covid-19 memes in the Nigerian context with a view to showing how the visual and language complement each other in communicating aspects of Nigerian socio-political realities during the pandemic. Among the images circulated through the Whatsapp medium, ten were selected for this study and Kress and van Leeuween’s (2006) multimodal theory was adopted as our theoretical framework. The findings revealed that language and visual images effectively complement each other as viewers are made to gain easy and quick access to the messages being communicated with a visual understanding of the realities on ground.]]>
