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Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Published by Lembaga Yasin Alsys
ISSN : 29873924     EISSN : 29872286     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58578/mikailalsys
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Other
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science : MIKAILALSYS [2987-3924 (Print) and 2987-2286 (Online)] is a double blind peer reviewed and open access journal to disseminating all information contributing to the understanding and development of Multidisciplinary Science. Its scope is international in that it welcomes articles from academics, researchers, graduate students and policy makers. The articles published may take the form of original research, theoretical analyses, and critical review. All articles should be in English or Arabic. MIKAILALSYS publishes 3 editions a year in April, August, and December (Unless there is co-publication with conference organizers). MIKAILALSYS journal has been indexed by Harvard University, Boston University, Dimensions, Scilit, Crossref, Web of Science Garuda, Google Scholar, and Base.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 165 Documents
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Implementation of Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF): Its Principle, Advantages, and Drawbacks Fasiku, Taiwo Bukola; Oluwasusi, Taiwo Victoria
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v3i3.7949

Abstract

Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) is a widely used technique for the chemical characterisation of materials in different forms, including powders, liquids, and gases, owing to its rapid and non-destructive determination of elemental composition. This review aims to describe the underlying principle of EDXRF and to synthesise its applications, advantages, and limitations across various domains. Drawing on reported uses of EDXRF in archaeology, metallurgy, environmental science, and the food and pharmaceutical industries, the study highlights how both portable and desktop instruments have enabled efficient routine analysis and quality control. In particular, EDXRF has been instrumental in identifying gaps in production processes, especially in food and drug quality control, which in some cases, has led to the withdrawal of non-compliant products from the distribution chain. At the same time, the review underscores key limitations observed in practice, including poor detection of light elements, the impact of moisture, high background noise, spectral interference, and particle-size effects. EDXRF nonetheless offers important advantages such as minimal sample preparation, non-destructive analysis, cost-effectiveness, and operational simplicity. The review concludes that, despite these limitations, EDXRF remains a powerful tool for multi-sectoral chemical characterisation and quality control, and it recommends further development of monochromatic EDXRF configurations to reduce spectral interference, improve detection limits, and enhance analytical accuracy, thereby strengthening its role in regulatory and industrial applications.
The Role of Indigenous Taboos and Superstitions in the Conservation of Fisheries Resources in Nigeria: A Review Love, Reuben Laraba; Mohammed, Mohammed Abubakar
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v3i3.7994

Abstract

This study investigates the role of indigenous taboos and superstitions in the conservation of fisheries resources in Nigeria's diverse aquatic habitats, which are now threatened by pollution, climate change, and overfishing. The study explores the lack of use of dwelling communities’ ecological knowledge, including various fish-related taboos, examining what they mean in practice, why they exist, and the problems they encounter today. Through a qualitative literature review and case study analysis, the research reveals that indigenous taboos, categorized as species-specific, habitat-related, spatial, and methodological, significantly support fish stock preservation, habitat conservation, and ecological integrity. These taboos include no-fishing zones and seasonal restrictions. However, traditional systems face several challenges due to the weakening of traditional institutions, religious changes, economic pressures, and external influences. To be more effective, fishery management systems should be integrated with cultural conservation training and scientific testing of local practices to enhance the sustainability of Nigeria's fishery resources.
A Comparative Analysis of Microbial Load and Diversity in Fresh and Smoked Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Selected Markets in Delta State, Nigeria Uche, Odozie Esther; C.S.O, Otoikhian; B.O, Bosah; D.S, Elkanah
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 1 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i1.8092

Abstract

This study evaluated the microbiological quality and safety of fresh and smoked catfish (Clarias gariepinus) obtained from five markets (Amai, Umutu, Abbey, Obiaruku, Kwale) in Delta State, Nigeria, during both rainy and dry seasons. A total of 50 samples were analyzed for total aerobic plate count, coliform count, and specific microbial isolates using standard microbiological and biochemical methods, and the results were benchmarked against Standards Organization of Nigeria (SON) guidelines. The findings showed that the microbial quality of fresh fish was variable, with gill samples from Amai and Obiaruku in the rainy season exhibiting marginal levels of contamination (10³ CFU/g), whereas all smoked fish samples, irrespective of market or season, had satisfactory and significantly lower microbial loads (10¹–10² CFU/g), confirming the effectiveness of smoking as a preservation technique. Bacteriological analysis of fresh fish identified potential pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Klebsiella sp., while mycological assessment revealed the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Mucor, and Fusarium species. The study concludes that, although smoking markedly improves the microbiological safety of catfish, the initially high contamination levels in fresh fish, especially the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria and potentially mycotoxigenic fungi—pose a significant public health risk and indicate critical points of post-harvest contamination within the supply chain that require targeted control measures.
A Hybrid Elzaki Transform-Daftardar-Jafari Method for Solving Nonlinear Proportional Delay Differential Equations L. N., Sanda; J. O., Okai; U.M., Nasir; Mujahid, U. A.; Cornelius, Michael; G.S., Ndam
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 1 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i1.8106

Abstract

Proportional delay differential equations (PDDEs) arise naturally in viscoelasticity, control theory, biology, population dynamics, and fractional-order physical models in which the future state depends on the value of the solution at a proportion of the current time, but their nonlinear nature and delay terms make analytic treatment challenging. This study develops a hybrid computational scheme that combines the Elzaki Transform (ET) and the Daftardar–Jafari Method (DJM) to obtain accurate analytical–approximate solutions for linear and nonlinear PDDEs. In the proposed approach, the Elzaki transform converts the PDDE into an algebraic functional equation, which is subsequently decomposed using DJM without the need for Adomian polynomials. The method is straightforward, computationally efficient, and capable of handling strong nonlinearities. Several illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate its efficiency, and the results confirm that the ET–DJM hybrid provides a powerful alternative to classical methods such as the Laplace transform, Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM), Variational Iteration Method (VIM), Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM), and homotopy analysis methods.
Applications of Microbial Enzymes in Industries Fasiku, Samuel Adedayo; Afolabi, Femi Johnson; Egbeleke, Tawakalit Adeola; Fashogbon, Racheal Oluwayemisi
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 1 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i1.8137

Abstract

Microbial enzymes, produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae, have emerged as indispensable biocatalysts across multiple industrial sectors due to their efficiency, versatility, and activity under diverse environmental conditions. This review aims to highlight the major industrial applications of microbial enzymes and synthesize evidence on their functional roles in contemporary bioprocesses. More than 80 published articles, textbooks, and newsletters were retrieved from reputable platforms, of which approximately 50 were selected for detailed analysis based on relevance and quality. The reviewed literature shows that enzymes now play critical roles in everyday life, with broad applications in medicine, pharmacy, environmental remediation, food processing, detergent manufacture, and energy production. In the detergent industry, amylases, lipases, and proteases are used to break down starch, fats, oils, and proteins, thereby enhancing washing efficiency. In the food sector, microbial enzymes support milk hydrolysis in cheese production, contributing to characteristic flavour development, and are widely employed in fruit juice clarification. In the energy sector, cellulases, xylanases, and lignin-degrading enzymes enable the breakdown of lignocellulosic substrates to release reducing sugars for biofuel production. Medically, L-asparaginase has been used in the treatment of leukaemia, while laccases are applied in the degradation of dyes and the reduction of chemical waste in environmental applications. The diversity of microbial sources allows these enzymes to function under extreme conditions, expanding their usability across varied industrial environments. Overall, the review concludes that microbial enzymes have extensive and growing industrial relevance, underscoring the need for continued research and development to optimize their production, stability, and application in sustainable biotechnological processes.

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