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INDONESIA
COCOS
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27150070     DOI : 10.35791
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal ini memuat materi yang berkaitan dengan Pertanian. Menyangkut Tanah, Budidaya Pertanian, Proteksi Tanaman, Teknologi Pertanian dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 831 Documents
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PENGENDALIAN HAMA PENGGEREK BATANG CENGKIH (Hexamitodera semivelutina Hell.) MENGGUNAKAN INSEKTISIDA FIPRONIL DAN EMAMEKTIN BENZOAT DENGAN METODE INJEKSI LUBANG PADA BATANG Trisakti M. C. Manengkey; Elisabeth R.M. Meray; Caroulus S. Rante
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 2 (2022): EDISI APRIL-JUNI 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i7.36421

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of insecticides fipronil and emamectin benzoate by injection of stem holes in clove plants againstlarvae H. semivelutina. The results are expected to provide benefits for farmers in controllingpests H. semivelutina with fipronil and emamectin benzoate insecticides on clove plants by injection of holes in the stems. The research was conducted in a clove plantation area owned by farmers in Talaitad Village, Suluun Tareran District, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. The study lasted for 3 (three) months, from April to June 2021. This study used the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method on clove plants belonging to farmers. Determination of plants to be applied to injection holes in the stem is done by looking at plants that are attacked bypests H. semivelutina by looking at the hoist holes that secrete liquid mixed with dirt on the clove plant. The results showed that the percentage of the effectiveness of the insecticide fipronil was 56%, which was not significantly different from that of emamectin benzoate, which was 40%, but was significantly different from the control by 0%. This study concluded that the use of fipronil and emamectin benzoate insecticides in the clove plantation area in Talaitad Village, South Minahasa Regency had a high enough killing power in controlling the clove stem borer H. semivelutina. The effectiveness of the application of Fipronil insecticide is 56% and Emamectin benzoate insecticide is 40% and as for suggestions in this study the use of Fipronil and Emamectin Benzoate insecticides is one way to control the pest population of H. semivelutina, besides that there are also various control methods that can be combined by using insecticides. However, its use must also be in accordance with the recommendations so as to reduce the occurrence of pollution and negative impacts on plants and the environment. Keywords : Effectiveness, Emamectin Benzoate, Fipronil, H. semivelutina.
UJI PATOGENISITAS JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN Beauveria bassiana Bals. TERHADAP WALANG SANGIT Leptocorisa acuta Thunb. PADA TANAMAN PADI Elhanan B. Kastilong; Maxi Lengkong; Reity Engka
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.36451

Abstract

ABSTRACT Rice ear bug (Leptocorisa acuta) in rice is an important pest that can reduce rice production. One of the control techniques is a biological control technique that utilizes the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana. This study aimed to examine the pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana against L. acuta. This research was carried out in May - July 2021 at the Laboratory of Biological Agents of the Kalasey Food and Horticultural Crops Protection and Quality Testing Center. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments which were repeated 3 times. The experimental treatment used doses with conidium density B. bassiana, namely conidium density 108 conidium/ml (A), 107 conidium/ml (B), 106 conidium/ml (C), and control (K). Based on the results of the study after the application of B. bassiana to L. acuta, the pathogenicity level of B. bassiana in infecting L. acuta on the tenth day had a difference where the treatment with conidium density of 108 conidium/ml was able to cause 72% mortality, in the treatment with a density of 107 conidium/ml can cause 57% mortality, and at a density of 106 conidium/ml it can cause 48% mortality. This difference in mortality could be due to the high concentration of spores used, thus affecting the existing mortality rate. The results of probit analysis showed that the LT50 value in the conidium density treatment of 108 conidium/ml reached 6.8 days; 107 conidium/ml reached 8.9 days; and 106 conidium/ml reached 11.9 days, with an LC50 value with a conidium density of 108 conidium/ml. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that the level of pathogenicity of the fungus B. bassiana infecting L. acuta occurred on the first day after application. Density treatment of 108 conidium/ml was able to cause the highest mortality, namely 72% mortality. The results of probit analysis showed that the fastest LT50 value was found in the treatment with a density of 108 conidium/ml which reached 6.8 days. LC50 is at a value of 7.8 or a concentration with a conidium density of 108 conidium/ml. Keywords : Rice (Oryza sativa L), Leptocorisa acuta, B. bassiana.
PERSENTASE SERANGAN HAMA Brontispa longissima (Gestro) PADA TANAMAN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) VARIETAS GENJAH RAJA DAN VARIETAS DALAM BIDO DI BALAI PENELITIAN TANAMAN PALMA MAPANGET Tirsa Salasa; Caroulus S. Rante; Daisy Kandowangko
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.36968

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the percentage of pest attack Brontispa longissima (Gestro) oncoconut (Cocos nucifera L.) varieties Genjah Raja and varieties Dalam Bido. The results of the studyare expected to provide information or knowledge to the public regarding the percentage of pestsAttacks B. longissima on coconut so that B. longissima pests can be controlled. The research wascarried out in the coconut plantation area of the Palma Research Institute (Balit Palma) MapangetDistrict, North Minahasa Regency. The research took place from March to July 2021. The researchwas conducted in the form of a survey or by direct observation at the research site. The study wasconducted at the Experimental Garden of Mapanget on coconuts of Genjah Raja and Dalam Bidovarieties with a land area of ± 0,2 hectares for each variety, then divided into five sub-plots ofobservations spread diagonally. The things that were observed in this study included the symptoms ofthe attack, the plants that were attacked, the fronds that were attacked and the category of attack.The results showed that the percentage of B. longissima pest attack on coconuts in the Dalam Bidovariety was 20% and the Genjah Raja variety was 12.5%. The percentage of midrib that was attackedby B. longissima in the Dalam Bido variety was 17.99% and the Genjah Raja variety was 10.91%.Keyword : Percentage, B. longissima, Coconut
SERANGGA-SERANGGA HAMA PADA TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.) DI DESA DUNU KECAMATAN MONANO KABUPATEN GORONTALO UTARA PROVINSI GORONTALO Fransisca Indriani Tahir; Jusuf Manueke; Redsway Truman Douglas Maramis
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.37235

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine insect pests on cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescent L.) in Dunu Village, Monano District, North Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo Province. This research was carried out for three months, from April to June 2021. The research method used was descriptive exploratory with 2 stages, namely sampling in the field and observations in the laboratory which were then presented in descriptive form in the form of tables, pictures, and graphs. Samples were obtained by catching using light traps and nets carried out for 6 consecutive days on 500 m2 area of cayenne pepper which was used as an experimental or observation area. The area consists of 1 light trap which is placed in the cayenne pepper plant and the lights are turned on every day from 18:00-06:00 WITA, then nets are used at 06:00-07:00 WITA and 16:00-18:00 WITA with the help of hands. Insects caught were taken and then observed the type and number of insects. Based on the results of research conducted, it showed that 8 types of insect pests were found, namely Nezara sp., Faneroptera sp., Gryllus sp., Acrida sp., Valanga sp., Bactocera sp., Circulifer sp., which belong to 4 orders and 6 families. The number of individuals found was 454 individuals, the highest was in the genus Nezara sp. namely 138 individuals and the lowest in the genus Gryllus sp. namely 11 individuals. Keyword : Insect, Pests, Cayenne pepper
STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI AREAL HUTAN BEKAS TERBAKAR DI HUTAN PENELITIAN BRON, WAREMBUNGAN Alfi Klaudio Gabi; Johny S. Tasirin; Maria Y. M. A. Sumakud
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.37236

Abstract

ABSTRAK This study aims to determine the structure and composition of the vegetation in the Bron Research Station after the fire. This research was conducted at the Bron Research Station, Warembungan, North Sulawesi in November-December 2020. Observations were made in 1 plot measuring 1 ha. The results showed that the structure and composition of the post-fire Bron Research Forest had 22 plant species with 15 families. There are 10 species at the tree level, 3 species at the pole level, 5 species at the sapling level and 4 species at the cattle level. At the tree level, it was dominated by Ficus benjamina with an IVI 71.3%, at the pole level found 3 species dominated by Piper aduncum with an IVI 132.1%, 5 species at the sapling level dominated by Piper aduncum with an IVI 207.0%. The forest floor vegetation found 9 plant species dominated by Selaginella plana with an IVI 74.2%, in the forest floor vegetation community, including 3 species with tree habitats, namely Ficus benjamina IVI 6.7%, Caryota mitis IVI 6.7% and Piper aduncum IVI 21.9%. Biodiversity in the Bron Research Forest has Shannon-Wiener index 2.38; Margalef index 4.06 and Evenness index 0.77. Keywords: Structure and composition, burnt forest, Bron Research Forest, Warembunga
FLUKTUASI SUHU UDARA PADA EKOSISTEM HUTAN KOTA Nonong Krisnawati Loha; Johan A. Rombang; Josephus I. Kalangi
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.37237

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to determine fluctuations in air temperature in urban forest ecosystems. This research was carried out in 3 (three) places, namely Tomohon urban forest (921 meter above sea level), Bitung urban forest (Danowudu 248 meter above sea level) North Minahasa urban forest (Kenangan 342 meter above sea level), conducted in November 2021, for 5 days. Observation plots measuring 25x25 m at each location. The diameter of the crown was measured using the "Improvised technique". The results showed that, Danowudu urban forest had a tree density level of 0.0192 trees/m² with a diversity of 6 tree species, Tomohon urban forest had a tree density of 0.0224 trees/m² with a diversity of 3 tree species, and Kenangan urban forest had a tree density of 0.0272 trees/m² with a diversity of 5 tree species, the highest temperature fluctuation was obtained in the Kenangan urban forest at 7.48°C and the lowest at 5.08°C in the Tomohon urban forest. Keywords: Air temperature, fluctuation, urban forest
EFEKTIFITAS ESKTRAK PUTRI MALU, BAWANG PUTIH, DAN LENGKUAS TERHADAP PENYAKIT KARAT PUTIH (Puccinia horiana Henn.) PADA PEMBIBITAN TANAMAN KRISAN (Chrysanthemum sp.) Sandra O. K. Kalrengsang; Bernadeth V. Montong; Max M. Ratulangi
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.37308

Abstract

ABSTRACTChrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum sp.) is an ornamental plant that produces flowers that havehigh economic value. Chrysanthemum flowers have the potential to be developed because they are ingreat demand by the public in terms of beautiful shapes and colors. One of the important stages inchrysanthemum cultivation is seeding. The main problem in chrysanthemum farming is the attack ofwhite rust caused by a fungus (P. horiana) starting from seedling to harvesting. The use of plantextracts as alternative pesticides has many advantages and benefits. Plants that have the potential tobe used as botanical pesticides include mimosa, garlic and galangal. This study aims to determine theeffectiveness of giving the extracts of mimosa, garlic and galangal in chrysanthemum plant nurseriesto suppress white rust disease caused by the fungus P. horiana. This research was carried out usingan experimental design, namely a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 4 (four)treatments and 4 replications, namely K (control), P1 (20% mimosa extract), P2 (20% garlic extract),and P3 (20% galangal extract). Based on the results of observations of the symptoms of white rust (P.horiana) the upper surface of the leaves at first in the form of yellow spots which gradually changedcolor to dark brown, then on the lower surface of the leaves can be seen the presence of pustules thatare pink, and long Over time the pustules will get bigger and then turn white. The highest percentageof attacks was in the control (K) 10.08%, the garlic extract treatment 20% (P2) 4.27%, then followedby the 20% galangal extract treatment (P3) 3.33%, and the mimosa extract treatment 20% (P1)0.96%. The results showed that the use of extracts of Putri malu, garlic and galangal was able tosuppress white rust disease (P. horiana) in chrysanthemum plant nurseries, with the best treatment insuppressing white rust disease (P. horiana) which was mimosa extract 20% (P1 ) with attackpercentage : 0.96%, followed by galangal extract (P3) : 3.33% and garlic extract (P2) : 4.27%. Inaccordance with the results of the research that has been carried out, it is necessary to carry outfurther research on the use of Mimosa Extract, Garlic and Galangal against white rust (P. horiana) inchrysanthemum plant nurseries with higher concentrations and in other varieties of chrysanthemumseedlings.Keyword : effectiveness, extract, mimosa, garlic, galangal, chryns, white rust disease
POTENSI PENGGUNAAN METIL EUGENOL TERHADAP HAMA LALAT BUAH Bactrocera spp. (DIPTERA : TEPHRITIDAE) PADA TANAMAN LABU SIAM Sechium edule (Jacq) Sw. DI KOTA TOMOHON Chika C. Maarebia; Dantje Tarore; Maxi Lengkong
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.37324

Abstract

ABSTRACT One of the subtropical plants that are often found in Indonesia is the chayote plant (Sechium edule (Jacq) Sw., whose fruit is used as food and is a vegetable consumed by the general public. The genus Bactrocera is reported to have 440 species and the family Tephritidae is the largest group of the order Diptera which is an important family because it is economically very detrimental because it acts as the main insect pest. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of methyl eugenol as an attractant against the type and population of the fruit fly Bactrocera spp. (Diptera:Tephritidae) on chayote plants S. edule (Jacq) Sw. in the city of Tomohon. The research was carried out using a survey method using traps at several chayote planting centers. In the experimental plot, three locations were chosen, each location was placed two traps on the east and west, the traps that were installed were traps made of modified mineral water plastic bottles, sprayed curacron insecticide into the trap bottles, cotton rolled with a diameter of approx. two cm were then tied and dropped with two ml of methyl eugenol using a syringe and then hung on the center of the trap bottle, the number of traps from the entire location was six bottles. The results of the research on the types of fruit flies caught in chayote cultivation using methyl eugonal as an attractant were B. dorsalis, B. carambolae, B. umbrosa, B. albistrigata, and B. cucurbitae. The use of methyl eugenol as an attractant was able to catch several types of fruit flies in the Kakaskasen sub-district as many as 478 tails, Talete 1 as many as 290 tails, and Talete 2 as many as 269 tails with a total catch of 1033 tails. Keyword : potential, methyl eugenol, Bactrocera spp, Sechium edule
PERSENTASE SERANGAN HAMA Scirpophaga innotata Wlk PADA BEBERAPA VARIETAS TANAMAN PADI SAWAH DI DESA MOPUYA SELATAN KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW Virginia V. Manoppo; Max Tulung; Noni N. Wanta
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.37325

Abstract

ABSTRACT Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops for the Indonesian population because it is a high-carbohydrate staple food. White rice stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata Wlk) is one of the plant pest organisms (OPT) that attacks lowland rice plants in Indonesia and has caused significant losses both qualitatively and quantitatively because this pest attacks rice plants at all stages of plant growth. from nursery to harvest. This study aims to determine the percentage of S. innotata attacks on several varieties of rice plants in Mopuya Selatan Village, Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The research method used is a survey method in the rice field area in the generative phase in one village with three different locations measuring one (1) hectare each and each location making five (5) sub-plots measuring 10 meters x 20 meters, In each subplot 150 clumps of plants were taken using a systematic random method (zigzag). Based on the results of the research conducted, the average percentage of S. innotata pests on the Serayu variety was 41.5%, the Siam-Siam variety was 43.0%, and the Inpari-9 variety was 38.2%. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the highest percentage of S. innotata attack on the Siam-siam variety was 43.0%, followed by the Serayu variety at 41.5%, and the Inpari-9 variety at 38.2%. In accordance with the results of the study, it can be suggested to do a pattern of varietal rotation to reduce the percentage of S. innotata pests in order to get maximum yields. Key words : Rice paddy (Oryza sativa L.) and Scirpophaga innotata.
ANALISIS TEKNIS SISTEM PERALATAN PENGOLAHAN MINYAK KELAPA SKALA KECIL UNTUK KELOMPOK TANI Silvia Lakumani; Dedie Tooy; Lady E. Ch Lengkey
COCOS Vol. 14 No. 3 (2022): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v8i8.37350

Abstract

ABSTRACT Coconut oil is one of the potential coconut processing products to increase added value for farmers in the North Sulawesi area. The processing of coconut oil has actually been done quite a lot by North Sulawesi farmers, but they still use traditional equipment. This method of processing takes a long time and is inefficient. The government has distributed mechanical equipment for smallscale coconut oil processing and socialized it to several farmer groups. The purpose of this study was to technically analyze the performance of small-scale coconut oil processing systems for 2 farmer groups. This research was conducted with an experimental method in which some of the equipment was tested for its capacity. The material used is coconuts aged 11-12 months, as many as 150 coconuts. Coconut processing on the existing equipment system was carried out in 3 (three) replications, with the number of each replication being 50 coconuts. The stages of coconut processing carried out in this study were, peeling, washing, cleaning, draining, squeezing, separating and allowed to stand for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the resulting coconut cream is put in an oil cooking machine and heated at an average temperature of 1500 C for 2 hours. The results of cooking are filtered, to take the coconut oil. The results showed that the small-scale coconut oil processing equipment system can be maximized to produce commercial coconut oil products. The performance of the tool is influenced by the existing power transmission engine, and the skill of the operator in each stage of work is very important. It is recommended for maximum use of the equipments, given special training to the operators. Keywords: Coconut Oil, Processing Equipment Systems, Farmers, Operators.

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