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INDONESIA
Perkara: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik
Published by Universitas Sains Dan Teknologi Komputer
ISSN : 29887755     EISSN : 29885213     DOI : 10.51903
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Sub Rumpun ILMU POLITIK 1 Ilmu Politik 2 Kriminologi 3 Hubungan Internasional 4 Ilmu Administrasi (Niaga, Negara, Publik, Pembangunan, Dll) 5 Kriminologi 6 Ilmu Hukum 7 Ilmu Pemerintahan 8 Ilmu Sosial dan Politik 9 Studi Pembangunan (Perencanaan Pembangunan, Wilayah, Kota) 10 Ketahanan Nasional 11 Ilmu Kepolisian 12 Kebijakan Publik 13 Bidang Ilmu Politik Lain Yang Belum Tercantum Sub Rumpun ILMU SOSIAL 1 Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial 2 Sosiologi 3 Humaniora 3 4 Kajian Wilayah (Eropa, Asia, Jepang, Timur Tengah Dll) 5 Arkeologi 6 Ilmu Sosiatri 7 Kependudukan (Demografi, dan Ilmu Kependudukan Lain) 8 Sejarah (Ilmu Sejarah) 9 Kajian Budaya 10 Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam 11 Ilmu Komunikasi 12 Antropologi 13 Bidang Sosial Lain Yang Belum Tercantum
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 277 Documents
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Neglected Inequality: Legal-Political Dynamics of Honorary Teacher Salaries in Indonesia’s Periphery through a Rawlsian Justice Lens Muhtasib, Achmad; Fatimah, Siti; Husman, Aldi
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Juni 2025 : Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/fnhf0b11

Abstract

The disparity in the welfare of honorary teachers, especially in the underdeveloped, frontier, and outermost (3T) regions of Indonesia, has become a structural issue that reflects the state's failure to provide social justice in education. Although honorary teachers have made significant contributions to supporting the national education system, their status remains marginal, lacking legal certainty, social security, and decent income. This research aims to examine the dynamics of injustice experienced by honorary teachers in 3T regions through the lens of social justice theory, as well as to explain how legal and educational policy contributes to the reproduction of these inequalities. The method employed is a qualitative approach with a critical case study design, involving in-depth interviews with honorary teachers and policymakers, as well as an analysis of regulatory documents. The research results show that injustice not only stems from low salaries but also from unequal access to professional training, disproportionate workloads, and systemic neglect of their voices in the decision-making process. Additionally, it was found that the presence of honorary teachers is often used as a cheap solution to fill teaching vacancies in 3T areas, without adequate structural reforms. This research makes a theoretical contribution by integrating the discourse of distributive and recognitive justice into educational policy and provides practical recommendations for the formulation of region-based affirmative policies. In conclusion, the disparity among honorary teachers is not merely a technical administrative issue, but rather a part of the crisis of social justice in national education that must be addressed through policy changes that are more equitable and contextually based.
HAK SERVITUUT DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM PADA PERKARA PENGABDIAN PEKARANGAN Vierananda Rosa Setyawati, Vierananda Rosa Setyawati; Suryono, Leli Joko
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Desember 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/pfwrpw44

Abstract

This study examines judicial considerations in resolving disputes involving servitude, defined as land servitude rights (hak pengabdian pekarangan), in an access-road conflict decided in Decision Number 102/PDT/2020/PT.YYK. Using a normative juridical method supported by statutory regulations, legal doctrine, court rulings, and supplementary interviews with legal practitioners, the research finds that the judge acknowledged a valid agreement granting the plaintiffs the right to use a portion of the defendant’s land as an access road, subject to compensation. This agreement created a binding land servitude that remained attached to the land regardless of subsequent actions taken by the landowner. The defendant’s act of constructing a wall that blocked the plaintiffs’ only access route constituted an unlawful act that satisfied all elements of Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code, including wrongful conduct, fault, causation, and resulting harm. The novelty of this research lies in its explicit integration of servitude as a real right with the legal doctrine of unlawful acts, thereby offering an analytical bridge rarely explored in Indonesian jurisprudence. The implication of these findings is the necessity for clearer judicial standards and practical guidelines to prevent arbitrary conduct by landowners and to ensure consistent protection of established servitude rights in future disputes.
The Effectiveness of Court Administrative Systems in Promoting Transparency and Accountability in Judicial Institutions Reinn, Alvaro; Reinn, Chealsea
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/c3yq5n86

Abstract

This study is motivated by the growing demand for judicial bureaucratic reform that increasingly emphasizes transparency and accountability as the core pillars of modern judicial governance, in which administrative systems play a strategic role in supporting both principles. The objective of this research is to analyze the extent to which the effectiveness of court administrative systems contributes to enhancing transparency and accountability in judicial administrative practices, from the perspectives of both service users and court officials. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data collected through questionnaires and qualitative data from semi-structured interviews, thereby enabling a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. The findings indicate that effective administrative systems, characterized by clear procedures, timely service delivery, and well-organized documentation management, are positively associated with levels of transparency and accountability within judicial institutions, although challenges remain regarding implementation consistency and human resource readiness. Overall, this research provides a theoretical contribution by reinforcing the good governance framework in the context of judicial administration and offers practical insights for policymakers in formulating strategies to strengthen administrative systems. It concludes that improving administrative quality is a fundamental step in building public trust in transparent and accountable judicial institutions.
The Implementation of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law in Handling Digital Disputes in Indonesia Tuce, Beni; Adoe, Rita
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/gpbgye19

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has driven an increase in public activities and interactions in cyberspace, which in turn has given rise to various forms of digital disputes with increasingly complex characteristics. The Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) serves as the primary legal instrument for regulating and resolving digital legal issues in Indonesia; however, its implementation continues to face various challenges. This study aims to analyze the implementation of UU ITE in handling digital disputes by linking normative legal provisions to empirical realities in society. The study employs a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, integrating normative juridical analysis of UU ITE provisions with empirical data collected through quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data were obtained through structured questionnaires administered to 180 respondents, while qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with three key informants in 2025. The findings indicate that, normatively, UU ITE has provided an adequate legal foundation for handling digital disputes; however, in practice, gaps persist between legal norms and implementation, particularly in multiple interpretations of provisions, electronic evidence, and coordination among law enforcement institutions. These findings emphasize that the effectiveness of UU ITE implementation is determined not only by the substance of the regulation but also by implementative capacity and adaptation to the dynamics of digital technology. This study contributes theoretically to the development of cyber law scholarship. It offers practical contributions to policymakers and law enforcement authorities to strengthen Indonesia's digital dispute resolution system, making it more adaptive, effective, and just. 
Kelalaian Negara dalam Perlindungan Hulu DAS Aceh: Analisis Sosio-Legal atas Banjir Bandang dan Kerusakan Hutan Andrew, William
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/6q85ez39

Abstract

The recurring flash floods in Aceh Province over the past decade demonstrate a strong link to deforestation in the upper reaches of the river basin. This condition reflects not only ecological issues, but also problems of governance, law, and state responsibility in environmental protection. This research aims to analyze the state's role and responsibilities in protecting the upstream watershed in Aceh and its connection to flash floods and forest damage. The research uses a qualitative approach within a socio-legal framework, employing a case study in Aceh. Data were obtained from in-depth interviews with key informants, limited field observations at the watershed's upper and lower reaches, spatial analysis of forest cover data, and a review of laws, policies, and official disaster reports. The research results indicate a reduction in forest cover in the upstream area of the watershed, which spatially overlaps with the downstream area experiencing recurrent flash floods. Empirical findings also show that although the legal framework for upstream watershed protection is available at the national and regional levels, management and supervision still vary in authority and are low-intensity in upstream areas. This research contributes to the development of socio-legal studies of environmental law by demonstrating that flash floods result from the interaction between ecological degradation and weak legal governance. In practice, this research confirms the importance of strengthening the state's role, institutional coordination, and upstream watershed monitoring as part of a sustainable disaster mitigation strategy. 
Legal Culture of The Younger Generation in Compliance With Digital Ethics and Cyber Law: A Case Study on Social Media Use Among Students Budiana, Jaka; Rohmah, Alfiatur
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/nnng8v61

Abstract

The rapid growth of social media use among Indonesian students poses significant challenges to compliance with digital ethics and cyber law. This study employed a qualitative case study in Jakarta and Surabaya, involving 20 high school and vocational students through interviews, online observations, and digital documentation. Findings reveal that only 20% of students demonstrated a high level of understanding of cyber law, while the majority were limited to basic terms such as cyberbullying, hoaxes, and data privacy without deeper knowledge of legal regulations. Three key factors were identified in shaping students’ digital legal culture: peer influence, family values, and school education. This research contributes by integrating a socio-legal perspective with digital media studies, highlighting that students’ legal compliance is more strongly influenced by social dynamics than by formal regulations. In practice, the findings provide a foundation for designing contextual digital legal literacy interventions through both school curricula and community-based youth approaches.
Efektivitas Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Ekosistem E-Commerce melalui Pendekatan Hukum Empiris Ramadhan, Ahmad; Lestari, Dewi
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/zap9vz59

Abstract

The rapid expansion of Indonesia’s digital economy has significantly transformed consumer behavior, accompanied by a sharp increase in e-commerce transactions that reached IDR 602 trillion in 2023. However, this economic growth has also led to a notable rise in consumer rights violations, creating an urgent need to evaluate the effectiveness of existing legal protections. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Indonesian consumer protection regulations, particularly the Consumer Protection Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law), and Government Regulation No. 80 of 2019 on Electronic Commerce, in addressing digital consumer disputes. Using an empirical legal research design with a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 10 consumers, 6 business actors, and 3 officials from the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK), supported by document analysis and digital observation. The findings indicate that 38 percent of reported violations involve nonconforming goods, 25 percent involve failed refunds, and 20 percent relate to the misuse of personal data. These results reveal that regulatory implementation remains fragmented, with limited institutional coordination and insufficient integration of digital mechanisms. The study contributes to understanding how legal systems adapt to digital economic dynamics by highlighting the interaction between regulation, technology, and institutional capacity. The novelty of this research lies in its empirical examination of the adaptability of Indonesia’s legal framework to digital transaction environments, offering theoretical insights and practical implications for strengthening technology-based consumer protection.
Dinamika Hukum Kontrak di Era Ekonomi Digital dalam Perbandingan Kontrak Konvensional dan Smart Contract Mahendra, Rizky; Puspitasari, Laila
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/9jebpa55

Abstract

The emergence of smart contracts in digital transactions has transformed the traditional understanding of agreement, execution, and legal enforcement. In Indonesia, the absence of specific regulations concerning automated contracts raises questions regarding their validity, enforceability, and compliance with civil law principles. This study aims to examine the legal recognition and practical implementation of smart contracts using an empirical legal approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 legal practitioners, 8 business actors, and 5 digital system developers, complemented by document analysis and regulatory comparison. The findings indicate that 70 percent of respondents expressed uncertainty regarding the legal legitimacy of smart contracts, while 65 percent acknowledged their potential to enhance efficiency and transparency in business transactions. The research also reveals that regulatory gaps, limited institutional capacity, and technical errors such as coding bugs significantly affect the reliability of automated agreements. These results highlight that the adaptation of civil law principles, particularly consent and liability, remains incomplete in the context of digital automation. The study contributes to legal scholarship by proposing a reinterpretation of contract principles to align with technological innovation and emphasizing the need for hybrid regulatory frameworks. The novelty of this research lies in its empirical examination of how smart contracts challenge the classical notion of legal consent and create new dimensions of accountability within the modern digital legal system.
Analisis Efektivitas Mediasi dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Bisnis melalui Pendekatan Studi Kasus Empiris Wirawan, Andi; Kartika, Natasya
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/7aws0p72

Abstract

The increasing complexity of business disputes in Indonesia highlights the limitations of litigation as a mechanism for achieving efficient and equitable resolution. Mediation has emerged as a viable alternative; however, its effectiveness within Indonesia’s legal system remains inconsistent. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of mediation in resolving business disputes by identifying the factors influencing success and evaluating institutional performance. Using an empirical legal research approach, data were obtained from 15 respondents, including mediators, business actors, and legal practitioners, complemented by case analysis from 2020 to 2023. The findings indicate that the average mediation success rate in Indonesia is 11.4%, while satisfaction among disputing parties reaches 73%, suggesting high procedural efficiency but limited substantive outcomes. Furthermore, 70% of practitioners acknowledge that institutional capacity and mediator competence significantly affect settlement success, and cases with high economic value tend to experience negotiation deadlocks. Comparative analysis shows that Indonesia’s mediation framework lags behind countries such as Singapore and Japan in terms of enforcement consistency and professional regulation. This study contributes to legal scholarship by emphasizing that mediation effectiveness depends not only on formal legal frameworks but also on institutional credibility and cultural trust. The novelty of this research lies in its empirical demonstration of the gap between procedural efficiency and substantive justice in Indonesia’s mediation system, providing insights for strengthening alternative dispute resolution mechanisms within the evolving digital economy.
Tantangan Hukum Perdagangan Internasional Pasca Pandemi dalam Analisis Kebijakan Tarif dan Non-Tarif Prasetyo, Dimas; Oktaviani, Rani
Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September 2025: Perkara Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Politik
Publisher : Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/2535z955

Abstract

The post-pandemic global economy has significantly reshaped international trade dynamics, urging Indonesia to reassess its balance between national protectionism and international legal commitments. Although trade recovery has begun, Indonesia’s policy framework remains constrained by fragmented tariff and non-tariff regulations that limit transparency and predictability. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Indonesia’s trade policies and their alignment with the principles of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The research employs an empirical legal method with a qualitative-descriptive approach, drawing on trade data, policy documents, and interviews with eight trade officials and five business actors conducted between 2020 and 2023. The findings indicate that exports to the European Union decreased by 10.5 percent, while exports to China increased by 8.4 percent, showing a regional concentration that may weaken long-term diversification. In addition, 70 percent of practitioners confirmed that regulatory inconsistencies and administrative delays, averaging 12 percent in export processing, have reduced Indonesia’s trade competitiveness. Comparative analysis with Vietnam and Malaysia reveals that Indonesia’s digital readiness and institutional coordination are still below regional standards. The study concludes that improving regulatory coherence, institutional synergy, and digitalization is essential to enhancing legal certainty and trade efficiency. The novelty of this research lies in its empirical identification of the gap between legal protectionism and trade liberalization in Indonesia’s post-pandemic governance, providing new insights into the interaction between law, policy, and global market integration

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