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Magna Neurologica
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 29636027     EISSN : 29853729     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20961/magnaneurologica.v1i2.647
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Magna Neurologica is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting neurological sciences generated from basic neurosciences and clinical neurology. This journal publishes original articles, reviews, and also interesting case reports. Brief communications containing short features of medicine, latest developments in diagnostic procedures of neurology disease, treatment, or other health issues related to neurology that is important also acceptable. Letters and commentaries of our published articles are welcomed.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Neurologi Klinis
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July" : 15 Documents clear
Efficacy and Safety of Evobrutinib in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Samudra, Edeline; Anyeliria Sutanto
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i2.1929

Abstract

Background: Evobrutinib is a selective Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. BTK regulates B lymphocytes and myeloid cells, significantly contributing to multiple sclerosis (MS) inflammation. While current MS treatments alleviate relapses and disability, they have a limited impact on inflammation within the central nervous system. Objective: We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of evobrutinib in relapsing MS. Methods: A systematic search of databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, NEJM, BMJ Journals, and Neurology, was conducted. Inclusion criteria: Studies within 5 years, randomized controlled trials, and interventions with evobrutinib. Exclusion criteria: Incomplete reporting, non-phase two trials, and JADAD score < 3. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the JADAD scale. Results: The literature search yielded 552 studies, of which eight were included in the final analysis. All studies consistently demonstrated significant benefits in reducing disease activity. The efficacy of evobrutinib 75 mg BID showed a significant reduction in ARR (mean ARR = 0.10) and gadolinium-enhancing lesions compared to placebo (mean ARR = 0.37). SEL volume was significantly reduced, especially in patients with higher disability and longer disease duration. The safety profile of evobrutinib was comparable to that of a placebo, with similar rates of TEAEs. Liver enzyme elevations were noted in one study but were generally manageable. Stability in EDSS scores over extended treatment periods suggests effective disease control. Conclusion: Evobrutinib is a promising therapeutic option for managing MS, particularly relapsing forms, due to its efficacy in reducing disease activity and favorable safety profile.
A Rare Case of Anomic Aphasia and Gerstmann Syndrome Induced by Hemorrhagic Stroke Mahendrakrisna, Daniel; Bagus Ngurah Mahasena Putera Awatara; Gede Suputra; Ni Wayan Nurlina Ekasari; Dian Kusumastuti Anggraeni Putri; Anak Agung Ayu Putri Laksmidewi
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i2.2262

Abstract

Background: Aphasia is a language disorder caused by brain damage, such as a stroke. Anomic aphasia, a rare subtype, impairs the ability to name objects or people while preserving fluency and comprehension. It is often associated with Gerstmann syndrome, which is characterized by acalculia, finger agnosia, left-right disorientation, and semantic aphasia. This report presents a case of a 61-year-old male with anomic aphasia and Gerstmann syndrome following a hemorrhagic stroke. Case: A 61-year-old male patient presented with sudden difficulty recalling the names of family members and objects. Imaging revealed an intracerebral hemorrhage in the left parietotemporooccipital lobe. The patient also exhibited left-right disorientation and finger agnosia, indicative of Gerstmann syndrome. The Aphasia Test for Rehabilitation Information Diagnosis (TADIR) confirmed the diagnosis of anomic aphasia. Although conservative treatment led to partial improvement, naming difficulties and associated deficits persisted. Discussion: Anomic aphasia primarily involves difficulties with naming, typically resulting from lesions in the dominant hemisphere, particularly the temporal and parietal lobes. Its coexistence with Gerstmann syndrome underscores the complexity of overlapping neurological deficits. The TADIR test was crucial in diagnosing and managing the patient's condition. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation in aphasia cases, especially when rare syndromes like Gerstmann syndrome are involved. Early and accurate diagnosis enables targeted interventions that can improve patient outcomes.
Epilepsy as the Main Clinical Manifestation of Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Rare Case Report Lailita Dwi Cahyanti; Aslin Nur Ainiyah; Zidnal Mafaz; Ditya Arisanti
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i2.2269

Abstract

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is defined as a deficiency of thyroid hormones present at birth and is one of the most common causes of intellectual disability. CH shows several manifestations, but it is rarely reported that CH manifests as epilepsy. To our knowledge, this rare manifestation of congenital hypothyroidism has only been reported four times previously. The potential association between CH and epilepsy remains unclear. Case: We reported a rare case of a 1-year-old child who presented to the emergency department with complaints of recurrent seizures. Laboratory results showed increased TSH levels and decreased FT4 levels. Electroencephalography (EEG) results were expected. The patient was diagnosed with epilepsy and congenital hypothyroidism. The patient received stabilization therapy in the ER and was admitted to the PICU for 7 days. During hospitalization and a seven-day evaluation at home, the patient did not experience any further seizures. Discussion: Epilepsy and congenital hypothyroidism can affect each other through three known pathogeneses: mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and failure of amino acid regulation in the brain. Long-term use of some anti-epileptic drugs is known to reduce thyroid hormone levels. Conclusion: Thyroid hormones play an essential role in various aspects of epilepsy. Thyroid function screening in patients with epilepsy may be advisable, especially in patients with developmental disorders and relevant symptoms.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Associated with Disseminated Tuberculosis: A Case Report Sulfana Putri, Elsa Primadona; Mardhiyah, Idzni; Evianti, Sri Wahyu
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i2.2270

Abstract

Background: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a life-threatening, acute, immune-mediated polyneuropathy associated with preceding infections. Tuberculosis (TB), although it has a high incidence rate, is rarely reported to be associated with GBS. Case: We report the case of a 20-year-old female admitted to our hospital with a progressive symmetrical paraparesis, which further developed to paraplegia, along with a month-long history of constitutional symptoms. After investigation, the patient was diagnosed with an acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) variant of GBS and disseminated TB. The patient was treated with plasmapheresis, and first-line anti-tuberculosis therapy was initiated. The patient demonstrated significant improvement in muscle strength in response to the treatment. The pathogenesis of GBS in TB is believed to be due to molecular mimicry, leading to nerve damage or direct invasion of the nerve root by tubercular bacilli. Discussion: Guillain-Barre syndrome could be induced by tuberculosis, and treatment for both could improve the outcome. Thus, early diagnosis is critical. Further investigations must be conducted to understand the association of GBS and TB. Conclusion: Guillain-Barre syndrome could be induced by tuberculosis, and treatment for both could improve the outcome. Thus, early diagnosis is critical. Further investigations must be conducted to understand the association of GBS and TB.
Acute Hemiballismus Due to Vascular or Diabetic Striatopathy: A Rare Case Report from KHZ Musthafa General Hospital, Tasikmalaya Nurul, Nasyifa; Ramdani, Billy Muchamad; Affandi, Indra Gunawan
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i2.2276

Abstract

Background: Hemiballismus is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by sudden, involuntary, high-amplitude ballistic movements of the arm and leg on one side of the body, often due to contralateral central nervous system dysfunction. The most common causes are ischemic stroke and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. Stroke-related movement disorders are rare, with an incidence of 0.4%–0.54%, while the prevalence of hyperglycemia-induced, known as diabetic striatopathy (DS), affects approximately 1 in 100,000 individuals, predominantly older women. Case: A 63-year-old male presented with sudden, involuntary left arm movements for one week, starting with throwing-like motions, followed by stiffness, tremors, rapid arm drop, and facial grimacing on the left side. The condition was accompanied by left leg weakness. He had a history of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physical examination showed left hemiballismus with motor strength 5/5/3/2 and a positive Babinski reflex on the left. Blood tests revealed a random glucose of 686 mg/dL, HbA1C of 15%, and 126 mmol/L sodium. A non-contrast CT scan showed multiple bilateral lacunar infarcts in the basal ganglia region. Discussion: Hemiballismus occurs sporadically and is caused by multiple bilateral lacunar infarcts in the basal ganglia, with risk factors including type 2 diabetes mellitus and advanced age. Other causes, such as stroke and genetic factors, may still be considered. Conclusion: Hemiballismus is a rare form of movement disorder. Vascular and metabolic disorders are the most common causes of hemiballismus. In this case, acute hemiballismus occurred in an elderly stroke patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor.

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