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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Published by Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society
ISSN : -     EISSN : 19782993     DOI : https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, a reputable international journal, provides a forum for publishing the novel technologies related to the catalyst, catalysis, chemical reactor, kinetics, and chemical reaction engineering. Scientific articles dealing with the following topics in chemical reaction engineering, catalysis science, and engineering, catalyst preparation method and characterization, novel innovation of chemical reactor, kinetic studies, etc. are particularly welcome. However, articles concerned on the general chemical engineering process are not covered and out of the scope of this journal. This journal encompasses Original Research Articles, Review Articles (only selected/invited authors), and Short Communications, including: fundamentals of catalyst and catalysis; materials and nano-materials for catalyst; chemistry of catalyst and catalysis; surface chemistry of catalyst; applied catalysis; applied bio-catalysis; applied chemical reaction engineering; catalyst regeneration; catalyst deactivation; photocatalyst and photocatalysis; electrocatalysis for fuel cell application; applied bio-reactor; membrane bioreactor; fundamentals of chemical reaction engineering; kinetics studies of chemical reaction engineering; chemical reactor design (not process parameter optimization); enzymatic catalytic reaction (not process parameter optimization); kinetic studies of enzymatic reaction (not process parameter optimization); the industrial practice of catalyst; the industrial practice of chemical reactor engineering; application of plasma technology in catalysis and chemical reactor; and advanced technology for chemical reactors design. However, articles concerned about the "General Chemical Engineering Process" are not covered and out of the scope of this journal.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Katalisis
Articles 838 Documents
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Preparation of Silver Immobilised TiO2-Hectorite for Phenol Removal and Eschericia coli Desinfection Is Fatimah
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2013: BCREC Volume 7 Issue 3 Year 2013 (March 2013)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.7.3.4047.191-197

Abstract

Preparation of silver immobilized TiO2-Hectorite and its application in phenol photooxidation and Eschericia coli bacteria desinfection has been conducted. Material was obtained by two steps of synthesis: preparation of TiO2-Hectorite and silver immobilization into TiO2-Hectorite. Physico-chemical characterization to the prepared material compared to raw hectorite was conducted by X-ray Diffraction, gas sorption analyzer, scanning electron microscope and DRUV-Visible spectrophotometry and for photoactivity study, phenol photooxidation and Eschericia coli desinfection were investigated. The results indicated that the modification to hectorite material improve the physico-chemical character related to its role as photo-catalyst. Kinetic study of phenol photooxidation revealed the role of TiO2 pillarization and silver immobilization in enhancing rate of reaction as well as increased photoactivity of the materials in E. coli desinfection. © 2013 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Removal of Iron(II) Using Intercalated Ca/Al Layered Double Hydroxides with [α-SiW12O40]4- Tarmizi Taher; Mikha Meilinda Christina; Muhammad Said; Nurlisa Hidayati; Ferlinahayati Ferlinahayati; Aldes Lesbani
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.2880.260-267

Abstract

Ca/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method at pH 11 under room temperature condition then followed by calcination at 800 oC. The synthesized Ca/Al LDH was further intercalated with Keggin ion [α-SiW12O40]4- in order to prepare the intercalated form of Ca/Al LDH. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and used as an adsorbent for iron(II) removal from the aqueous medium. The adsorption performance was investigated by studying the kinetics and thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process. The results showed that pristine Ca/Al LDH exhibited diffraction peak at 2θ about 20o which corresponds to the layer structure of the LDH material. For the intercalated Ca/Al LDH, the diffraction observed at 2θ around 30-40o indicated that the [α-SiW12O40]4- was successfully intercalated into the interlayer space of Ca/Al LDH. Furthermore, the intercalated Ca/Al LDH showed higher adsorption capacity toward iron(II) than the pristine form of Ca/Al LDH. 
Selective Hydrogenation of Stearic Acid to 1-Octadecanol Using Bimetallic Palladium-Tin Supported on Carbon Catalysts at Mild Reaction Conditions Rodiansono Rodiansono; Elisa Hayati; Atina Sabila Azzahra; Maria Dewi Astuti; Kamilia Mustikasari; Sadang Husain; Sutomo Sutomo
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 4 Year 2021 (December 2021)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.4.11895.888-903

Abstract

Bimetallic palladium-tin catalysts supported on microporous carbon (denoted as Pd-Sn(x)/C, loading amount of Pd = 5 wt% and x = Pd/Sn molar ratio; c.a. 3.0; 1.5; and 1.0) showed high selectivity in the hydrogenation of stearic acid towards 1-octadecanol (stearyl alcohol) under mild reaction conditions. Pd-Sn(x)/C catalysts were synthesized via the hydrothermal method at temperature of 150 °C for 24 h, and reduced with H2 at 400 °C for 3 h. Pd-Sn(1.5)/C catalyst exhibited the highest yield of stearyl alcohol (1-octadecanol) (up to 73.2%) at 100% conversion of stearic acid at temperature 240 °C, initial H2 pressure of 3.0 MPa, a reaction time of 13 h, and in 2-propanol/water solvent. The high selectivity of alcohols over Pd-Sn(1.5)/C catalyst can be attributed to the formation of bimetallic Pd-Sn alloy phases (e.g. Pd3Sn and Pd3Sn2) as obviously depicted by XRD analysis. The presence of co-promotor Sn and the formation of bimetallic may play a pivotal role in the high selectivity of 1-octadecanol. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Synthesis of Ziegler-Natta Catalyst using Malaysian Ilmenite Derived TiCl4 via Recrystallization Method: A Statistical Approach Sanjith Udayakumar; Najwa Ibrahim; Chan Yong Chien; Shaikh Abdul Rahman Shaik Abdul Wahab; Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Noor; Sivakumar Ramakrishnan
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 3 Year 2020 (December 2020)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.3.8195.687-697

Abstract

In the current study, Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalyst was synthesized via recrystallization method using MgCl2 as a support, AlCl3 as an activator and TiCl4 as a transition metal source. The TiCl4 used in the study was derived from Malaysian ilmenite through a sequential pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical process of ilmenite concentrate conversion to TiCl4. The recrystallization method of synthesis of the heterogeneous Z-N catalyst was studied by varying the synthesis parameters, such as the combined amount of MgCl2 and AlCl3, temperature, and amount of TiCl4, using statistical design of experiments. The investigation aimed at determining the best conditions for synthesizing the heterogeneous Z-N catalyst. The synthesis conditions posed a significant influence on the Ti content present in the catalyst product. The morphological and elemental analysis of SEM-EDX showed good spherical nature of the prepared catalysts. The XRD phase analysis detected the peaks of MgCl2, MgCl2-Ethanol, MgCl2/TiClx, and TiO2. The IR spectra confirmed the presence of the Mg-Cl bond at 1635 cm−1 and Ti-Cl bonds at 602 cm-1 and 498 cm-1. The produced catalyst contained a small amount of TiO2, which could be due to the seepage of moisture during the analysis or storage of the sample. The most favourable combination of the studied parameters was determined based on the Ti content in the catalyst product. Therefore, the best conditions for synthesizing the heterogeneous Z-N catalyst with high Ti content (181.1 mg/L) was at a combined amount of 2 g of MgCl2 for 6 g of AlCl3, crystallization temperature of 80 °C, and 2 mL dosage of TiCl4. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Experimental Investigation of the Biomass Catalytic Pyrolysis Process to Produce the Combustible Gases with the High Calorific Value Yury Kosivtsov; Esther Sulman; Yury Lugovoy; Anna Kosivtsova; Antonina Stepacheva
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2015: BCREC Volume 10 Issue 3 Year 2015 (December 2015)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.10.3.8869.324-331

Abstract

The study is devoted to the low-temperature catalytic pyrolysis of biomass. The pyrolysis of peat was conducted using natural aluminosilicates and synthetic zeolites. It was found that the pore size of the mineral strongly affects the catalytic activity and provides the processing of the hydrocarbons forma-tion reactions. Bentonite clay was found to be the most effective catalyst for the biomass pyrolysis proc-ess. The use of bentonite clay as an addition to peat allows improving structural (strength, porosity) and sorption characteristics (sorption rate) of the molded compositions and can serve as a catalyst dur-ing its subsequent thermal conversion. The amount of gases obtained using natural aluminosilicate as a catalyst increased by 2 times compared to the non-catalytic process. The calorific value of the prod-ucts obtained was higher due to the light hydrocarbons formation. Copyright © 2015 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Cyclohexanone Oxidation over H3PMo12O40 Heteropolyacid via Two Activation Modes Microwave Irradiation and Conventional Method Yasmina Idrissou; Sihem Mouanni; Dahbia Amitouche; Tassadit Mazari; Catherine Marchal-Roch; Cherifa Rabia
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.3054.427-435

Abstract

The adipic acid (AA), important precursor for Nylon production, was synthesized from cyclohexanoneoxidation by two ways, microwaves irradiation and  conventional method (under reflux) using H3PMo12O40 heteropolyacid as catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. In the order to increase the AA yield, several parameters as cyclohexanone/catalyst ratio, H2O2 concentration, solvent nature (H2O, CH3CO2H, and CH3OH, CHCl3 and CH3CN) and cyclohexanol addition to cyclohexanone were examined.  For both activation modes, the highest AA yields are of 26-28%. Whereas, with microwaves irradiation, the time gain is much more attractive 30 min compared to 20 h. 
Sodium Silicate Catalyst for Synthesis Monoacylglycerol and Diacylglycerol-Rich Structured Lipids: Product Characteristic and Glycerolysis–Interesterification Kinetics Inasanti Pandan Wangi; Supriyanto Supriyanto; Hary Sulistyo; Chusnul Hidayat
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 2 Year 2022 (June 2022)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.2.13306.250-262

Abstract

Sodium silicate as heterogeneous base catalysts is more environmentally friendly and easily separated by filtration. The objective of this research was to evaluate the activated sodium silicate as catalyst for synthesis of monoacylglycerol (MAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG)-rich structured lipids (SLs) from a palm olein-stearin blend. Sodium silicate was activated and functional group was characterized. Reaction was performed using 5% catalyst (w/w) at various reaction temperature (70–120 °C) for 3 h in a batch stirred tank reactor. Physical properties of SLs, such as melting point, slip melting point, and hardness of SLs were determined. Reaction kinetics were also evaluated. The results show that Si−O bending was reduced and shifted to a Si−O−Na and Si−O−Si functional groups after sodium silicate activation. Temperature had a significant effect on SLs composition at higher than 90 °C. An increase in temperature produced more MAG, resulting in better product physical properties. The best reaction condition was at 110 °C. Rate constants and the Arrhenius equation were also obtained for each reaction step. In summary, the activated sodium silicate catalyzed glycerolysis-interesterification reaction, which produced MAG and DAG at temperature higher than 90 °C. Therefore, the physical properties of SLs were improved. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Investigation of Chlorophyl-a Derived Compounds as Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Inactivation Listiana Oktavia; Irma Mulyani; Veinardi Suendo
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 1 Year 2021 (March 2021)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.1.10314.161-169

Abstract

Chlorophyll has unique physicochemical properties which makes them good as photosensitizer of Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI). The physicochemical properties of chlorophyll as photosensitizer can be optimized through several routes.  One of the possible route is by replacing the metal ion center of chlorophyll with other ions. In this research, the effect of coordinated metal ion in the natural chlorophyll-a was studied for bacterial growth (S. aureus) inhibition. The replacement of metal in the center of chlorophyll hopefully can improve the intensity of Intersystem Crossing Mechanism (ISC) lead to the formation of singlet oxygen species. The chlorophyll a and b were isolated from spinach via precipitation technique using 1,4 dioxane and water. The chlorophyll a and b were separated using sucrose column chromatography. The thin layer chromatography result showed that chlorophyll a (Rf: 0.57) had been well separated with chlorophyll b (Rf: 0.408). The absorption spectra of chlorophyll a and b showed that the Soret band was observed at 411 and 425 nm, while the Q band appeared at 663 and 659 nm. Replacement of metal ion center shifted the Soret band of chlorophyll- a derivatives to lower energy region, while Q-band was slightly shifted to the higher energy region. The absorption and the fluorescence intensity were  also observed decreasing after ion replacement. The Inhibition activity investigation over S. aureus showed the highest inhibition activity was exhibited by Zn-pheophytin-a (66.8%) followed by chlorophyll a (30.1 %) and Cu-pheophytin-a (0%). The inhibition activity is correlated with decreasing fluorescence intensity. The formation of singlet oxygen by ISC mechanism is hypothesized to deactivate the excitation state of Cu-pheophytin-a. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Preface, BCREC Vol. 10 No. 1 Year 2015
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2015: BCREC Volume 10 Issue 1 Year 2015 (April 2015)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.19392

Abstract

Preface, BCREC Vol. 10 No. 1 Year 2015
Zn-M-CO3 Layered Double Hydroxides (M=Fe, Cr, or Al): Synthesis, Characterization, and Removal of Aqueous Indigo Carmine Salima Bouteraa; Fatiha Boukraa Djelllal Saiah; Sarah Hamouda; Nourredine Bettahar
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.5053.43-54

Abstract

In this approach, Zn-M+3 layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with M+3 = Fe, Cr, or Al were synthesized by the co-precipitation method from the aqueous solution at a constant solution pH. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by XRD analysis, FTIR spectra, BET techniques and simultaneous thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC). XRD analysis showed that Zn-Fe-CO3 had the greatest lattices parameters. BET surface area of Zn-Fe-CO3 was calculated as 52.24 m2.g-1 and was higher than Zn-Cr-CO3 and Zn-Al-CO3 with 46.70 and 49.99 m2.g-1, respectively. The FTIR spectra clearly confirmed the presence of carbonate anions in the structure of the LDHs. Adsorption experiments for Indigo Carmine (IC), as the main model organic pollutant in this study from aqueous solution onto synthetized samples were carried out in terms of solution pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. Experimental results indicate that the capacity of dye uptake augmented rapidly within the first 15, 40, and 55 minuts for Zn-Fe-CO3, Zn-Cr-CO3 and Zn-Al-CO3 respectively and then stayed practically the same regardless of the concentration. Adsorption kinetics studies revealed that the adsorption process followed pseudo-second order kinetics model instead of a pseudo-first-order model. The adsorption isotherm data follow the Langmuir equation in which parameters are calculated. The maximum Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacities were 94.87, 21.79, and 66.71 mg.g-1, respectively, for Zn-Fe-CO3, Zn-Cr-CO3, and Zn-Al-CO3. The adsorption capacities were slightly influenced by the pH variations from 5 to 10, showing the advantage of using these materials in water treatments in a wide pH range. Finally, the IC removal is proven by the presence of IC functional groups in IR spectra and thermograms. TGA/DSC of Zn-Fe-CO3 obtained after removal of IC indicate that the LDHs stabilizes IC and delays the combustion of adsorbed molecules. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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