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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Published by Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society
ISSN : -     EISSN : 19782993     DOI : https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, a reputable international journal, provides a forum for publishing the novel technologies related to the catalyst, catalysis, chemical reactor, kinetics, and chemical reaction engineering. Scientific articles dealing with the following topics in chemical reaction engineering, catalysis science, and engineering, catalyst preparation method and characterization, novel innovation of chemical reactor, kinetic studies, etc. are particularly welcome. However, articles concerned on the general chemical engineering process are not covered and out of the scope of this journal. This journal encompasses Original Research Articles, Review Articles (only selected/invited authors), and Short Communications, including: fundamentals of catalyst and catalysis; materials and nano-materials for catalyst; chemistry of catalyst and catalysis; surface chemistry of catalyst; applied catalysis; applied bio-catalysis; applied chemical reaction engineering; catalyst regeneration; catalyst deactivation; photocatalyst and photocatalysis; electrocatalysis for fuel cell application; applied bio-reactor; membrane bioreactor; fundamentals of chemical reaction engineering; kinetics studies of chemical reaction engineering; chemical reactor design (not process parameter optimization); enzymatic catalytic reaction (not process parameter optimization); kinetic studies of enzymatic reaction (not process parameter optimization); the industrial practice of catalyst; the industrial practice of chemical reactor engineering; application of plasma technology in catalysis and chemical reactor; and advanced technology for chemical reactors design. However, articles concerned about the "General Chemical Engineering Process" are not covered and out of the scope of this journal.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Katalisis
Articles 838 Documents
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Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2-ZnO Nanocomposite Photocatalyst for the Removal of Basic Violet 14 as an Industrial Dye Samad, Md. Abdullah Bin; Quayum, Emran; Hossain, Md. Amjad; Islam, Tajmeri S. A.; Khan, Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2023: BCREC Volume 18 Issue 4 Year 2023 (December 2023)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20059

Abstract

Binary nanocomposites are one of the promising photocatalysts for the photodegradation of toxic industrial organic dyes which are used as dying agents in different industries including garments and textiles, leather, paint and varnish industries. For this study, TiO2-ZnO nanocomposites were fabricated by the hydrothermal process; where ZnSO4.7H2O is used as a precursor and TiO2 is used as a supporting material. The prepared TiO2-ZnO nanocomposites were calcined at three distinct temperatures 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C. These composite materials were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analyzes. Basic Violet 14 (BV14), an industrial dye, was modelled to examine the photocatalytic role of TiO2-ZnO under different experimental setups such as calcined temperatures, catalyst loading, concentrations of the BV14 dye, pH, and light sources. TiO2-ZnO prepared at 500 °C acted as the best photocatalyst among three nanocomposites and the prepared TiO2-ZnO worked better than solitary TiO2 and ZnO to decolorize the BV14 dye. In the presence of sunlight, UV light, and visible light the percentages of degradation of BV14 were found to be 81.78 %, 69.58 %, and 31.24 %, respectively. The maximum photodegradation corresponded to 0.175 g/100 mL of suspension of nanocomposite with an initial 3.0×10−5 M of BV14 having solution pH 6.88. The surface reaction constant and Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption constant were obtained to be 5.5×10−8 mol.L−1.min−1 and 1.7×108 L.mol−1, respectively. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA   License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Design of a Compact and Versatile Bench Scale Tubular Reactor Ram Prasad; Gaurav Rattan
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2009: BCREC Volume 4 Issue 1 Year 2009 (June 2009)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.4.1.1250.5-9

Abstract

A compact and versatile laboratory tubular reactor has been designed and fabricated keeping in view of reducing capital cost and minimising energy consumption for gas/vapor-phase heterogeneous catalytic reactions. The reactor is consisted of two coaxial corning glass tubes with a helical coil of glass tube in between the coaxial tubes serving as vaporiser and pre-heater, the catalyst bed is in the inner tube. A schematic diagram of the reactor with detailed dimensions and working principles are described. The attractive feature of the reactor is that the vaporiser, pre-heater and fixed bed reactor are merged in a single compact unit. Thus, the unit minimises separate vaporiser and pre-heater, also avoids separate furnaces used for them and eliminate auxiliary instrumentation such as temperature controller etc. To demonstrate the system operation and illustrate the key features, catalyst screening data and the efficient collection of complete, and accurate intrinsic kinetic data are provided for oxidation of CO over copper chromite catalyst. CO oxidation is an important reaction for auto-exhaust pollution control. The suitability of the versatile nature of the reactor has been ascertained for catalytic reactions where either volatile or vaporizable feeds can be introduced to the reaction zone, e.g. oxidation of iso-octane, reduction of nitric oxide, dehydrogenation of methanol, ethanol and iso-propanol, hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline, etc. © 2009 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Carbon Waste Powder Prepared from Carbon Rod Waste of Zinc-Carbon Batteries for Methyl Orange Adsorption Fitria Rahmawati; Viona Natalia; Agung T. Wijayanta; Siti Rondiyah; Koji Nakabayashi; Jin Miyawaki
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.5148.66-73

Abstract

A research on the preparation of Carbon Waste Powder, CWP, was conducted and made from carbon rod waste which was extracted from used zinc-carbon batteries. This research was an effort to overcome environmental problem caused by battery waste by converting into adsorbent for methyl orange (MO) that frequently used by textile industries. The prepared powder was then analyzed to understand its characteristic peaks, crystallinity, and to compare the properties with other carbonaceous forms, i.e. a commercial Carbon Paper (CP), and a commercial meso- carbon micro-beads (MCMB). The analysis found that CWP is dominated by graphitic carbon. An adsorption experiment was then conducted to study their adsorption ability to methyl orange solution. The result found that those three carbonaceous materials have the ability to adsorb methyl orange with different activities. MCMB has the highest adsorption capacity of 0.197 mg.g-1. Meanwhile, CWP and CP show adsorption capacity of 0.066 mg.g-1 and 0.062 mg.g-1, respectively. Methyl orange adsorption on CWP and CP were under second order, which means the adsorption could be four times faster as the MO solution doubled. Moreover, the rate constant of MO adsorption on CWP is 8×10-4 min-1, which was higher than the rate constant of MO adsorption on CP. It confirmed that the CWP can be used as a promising adsorbent for dye waste water. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Catalytic Property of A Zn(II) Complex with 5-Bromosalicylaldehyde Ligand Xi Shi Tai; Peng Fei Li; Xin Wang; Li Li Liu
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (December 2017)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.3.876.364-369

Abstract

The study on catalytic activity of complex materials has been one of the hot spots in coordination  chemistry. In order to extensively study the catalytic activity of complexes, a new six-coordination Zn(II) complex material, [ZnL2(H2O)2] (C1) (HL = 5-bromosalicylaldehyde), has been prepared with 5-bromosalicylaldehyde, NaOH, and Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O as raw materials. The structure of C1 was determined by elemental analysis, IR spectra, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The Zn(II) complex shows a moderate catalytic activity for A3 coupling reaction of benzaldehyde, piperidine, and phenylacetylene with the benzaldehyde conversion reached 54.6 %. Furthermore, the Zn(II) complex catalyst exhibited 54.8 %, 53.8 %, and 54.4 % conversions of benzaldehyde in the second, third, and fourth cycles, respectively.  In addition, the Zn(II) complex features a selectivity of 100 % to the     product of propargylamine for the A3 coupling reaction. 
Enolisation Kinetics of m-Nitro Acetophenone Swati Malhotra Swati Malhotra; Dipika Jaspal
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2014: BCREC Volume 9 Issue 1 Year 2014 (April 2014)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.9.1.5258.16-22

Abstract

m-Nitroacetophenone was chosen for the study of kinetics of enolisation. The rate of the reaction was studied by iodination. The kinetics of the reaction was monitored under several conditions of variation of ketone concentration, dielectric constant of the medium , temperature, effect of catalyst etc. In addition to this four different amino acids viz. β-alanin, DL-alanin, L-alanin and Glycine were tested as catalyst for the enolisation process. The rate of enolisation was found to increase with the increase in then ketone concentration , percentage composition of the solvent mixture and also with the increase in the dipole moments of the amino acids. Pseudofirst order rate kinetics was operational and the rate constants were found to increase with the increase in the amino acid molarity. Linear plots obtained for log of rate constants versus reciprocal of temperature which were in good agreement with Arrhenius equation. The values of thermodynamic parameters like Entropy (∆S≠) , Enthalpy (∆H≠), energy of activation (∆Ea) and Free energy(∆F≠) were calculated and were found to be 2.6186 e.u. , 20.85 e.u. ,23.46 k cal mol-1 and 20.0 k cal mol-1 respectively. © 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Efficient Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye Using Ni/Al Layered Double Hydroxide-Graphene Oxide Composite Amri, Amri; Wibiyan, Sahrul; Wijaya, Alfan; Ahmad, Nur; Mohadi, Risfidian; Lesbani, Aldes
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 2 Year 2024 (August 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20121

Abstract

To address environmental pollution, we developed Ni/Al layered double hydroxide-graphene oxide (Ni/Al-GO) adsorbent materials for the purpose of eliminating methylene blue (MB) dye pollutants. The adsorption process was explored by examining many experimental factors, including temperature, regeneration/reuse procedure, pH, and time, and their effects on the material. The appropriate model for the isotherm is the Langmuir isotherm. The Ni/Al-GO material achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 61.35 mg/g for MB dye at a temperature of 60 °C. The thermodynamic characteristics indicate that the adsorption process is both endothermic and spontaneous as the temperature increases. The regeneration method demonstrated that the Ni/Al-GO material has a highly stable structure, enabling it to be utilized for five cycles with a remarkable regeneration rate of 93.49% in the fifth cycle. The pH that yielded the best results for all materials was pH 10, and the kinetic model demonstrated a pseudo second-order behavior. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by MKICS and BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Magnetization Study of Iron Sand from Sabang, Indonesia: The Potential of Magnetic Materials in the Photocatalytic Field Sri Nengsih; Syahrun Nur Madjid; Mursal Mursal; Rinaldi Idroes; Zulkarnain Jalil
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2023: BCREC Volume 18 Issue 2 Year 2023 (August 2023)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.19041

Abstract

The magnetization of iron sand from Anoi Itam beach, Sabang, Indonesia, was investigated through sample testing and synthesis using the co-precipitation method. The purpose of this study is to analyze the magnetic properties of iron sand and review its potential in photocatalytic processes. Before being synthesized, the natural iron sand was separated and milled. The iron sand was dissolved in 37% v/v HCl, stirred, and heated for 30 min. This solution was filtered and precipitated with 6.5 M NH4OH while stirring and heating for 30 min. The magnetite formed was washed repeatedly with distilled water until it reached a normal pH, and then dried. Magnetite characterization tests were performed using XRF, XRD, VSM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The test results showed that the iron sand had a high magnetic quality with a concentration of 91.17% after the synthesis process. The resulting magnetite phase structure had a spinal inverse cubic shape, with the highest peak at the Miller index (311). From the VSM test, it is known that the resulting magnetite exists in a soft magnetic form with superparamagnetic groups. From optical absorption, magnetite has a gap energy of approximately 2.8 eV. It can be concluded that the magnetite from Anoi Itam Sabang has potential as a photocatalytic absorbent in the visible light wavelength region. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Activity and Stability of Immobilized Lipase for Utilization in Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil Azianna Gusniah; Harumi Veny; Fazlena Hamzah
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.6648.242-252

Abstract

Biodiesel is fatty acid methyl ester that commonly derived from vegetable oils and animal fats that can be produced through enzymatic transesterification using lipase. In this study, three different types of lipase were used, which are Lipase Immobilized Pseudomonas cepacia, PcL, Thermomyces lanuginosus, TLIM, and Candida Antarctica A (recombinant from Aspergillus oryzae), CALA. These lipases were compared based on their activity at different pH (6-10), temperature (30-50 °C), activation energy, and amount of lipase loading for hydrolysis of p-NPA into n-NP. The result indicates that among the lipase used in the study, CALA is the preferable biocatalyst in the hydrolysis of p-NPA due to the minimum energy required and higher enzymatic activity at 20 mg of enzyme loading. PcL and CALA used in the study gave the optimum activity at pH 9 except for TLIM at pH 8 and the optimum temperature at 40 °C. The kinetic data obtained for CALA in this reaction were Km = 57.412 mM and Vm = 70 µM/min. This finding shows that CALA is beneficial biocatalysts for the transesterification process to obtain a higher product with lower activation energy. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Effects of Bentonite Activation Methods on Chitosan Loading Capacity Tao Yu; Chengtun Qu; Daidi Fan; Renjun Xu
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 1 Year 2018 (April 2018)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1040.14-23

Abstract

The adsorption capacity of bentonite clay for heavy metal removal from wastewater can be significantly enhanced by a high loading of chitosan on the surface. In order to enhance the chitosan loading, we tested activating bentonite clay by three methods prior to chitosan loading: sulfuric acid, calcination, and microwave treatments. Meanwhile, several parameters during chitosan loading, namely the initial chitosan concentration, stirring speed, reaction time, temperature, and pH value were investigated. Our results indicate that chitosan is attached to bentonite clay through intercalation and surface adsorption according to X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Eelectron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The maximum chitosan loading on 200-mesh raw bentonite clay (126.30 mg/L) was achieved under the following conditions: the initial chitosan concentration of 1000 mg/L, the stirring speed of 200 rpm, pH of 4.9, 60 min of reaction time, and temperature of 30 °C. The chitosan loading was further increased to 256.30, 233.70, and 208.83 mg/g, when using bentonite clay activated through 6 min of microwave irradiation (800 W), 10 % sulfuric acid treatment, and calcinations at 600 °C, respectively. When the chitosan loading was increased from 34.76 to 233.7 mg/g, the removal percentages of Cu(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) were improved, respectively from 78.90 to 95.5 %, from 82.22 to 98.74 %, from 60.09 to 86.18 %. 
Characterization of Industrial Pt-Sn/Al2O3 Catalyst and Transient Product Formations during Propane Dehydrogenation Kah Sing Ho; Joanna Jo Ean Chye; Sim Yee Chin; Chin Kui Cheng
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2013: BCREC Volume 8 Issue 1 Year 2013 (June 2013)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.8.1.4569.77-82

Abstract

The major problem plaguing propane dehydrogenation process is the coke formation on the Pt-Sn/Al2O3 catalyst which leads to catalyst deactivation. Due to information paucity, the physicochemical characteristics of the commercially obtained regenerated Pt-Sn/Al2O3 catalyst (operated in moving bed reactor) and coke formation at different temperatures of reaction were discussed. The physicochemical characterization of regenerated catalyst gave a BET surface area of 104.0 m2/g with graphitic carbon content of 8.0% indicative of incomplete carbon gasification during the industrial propylene production. Effect of temperatures on coke formation was identified by studying the product yield via temperature-programmed reaction carried out at 500oC, 600oC and 700oC. It was found that ethylene was precursor to carbon laydown while propylene tends to crack into methane. Post reaction, the spent catalyst possessed relatively lower surface area and pore radius whilst exhibited higher carbon content (31.80% at 700oC) compared to the regenerated catalyst. Significantly, current studies also found that higher reaction temperatures favoured the coke formation. Consequently, the propylene yield has decreased with reaction temperature. © 2013 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)Corrigendum/Erratum of this article at: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.9.2.7136.155

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