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Neurona
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Neurologi Indonesia
ISSN : 02166402     EISSN : 25023748     DOI : https://doi.org/10.52386/neurona
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Neurona merupakan satu-satunya jurnal yang memuat perkembangan penelitian dan kasus terbaru bidang neurosains oleh Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf (PERDOSSI) Pusat di Indonesia. Jurnal ini diterbitkan bulan Maret, Juni, September dan Desember. Bidang studi cakupan NEURONA meliputi: Stroke dan Pembuluh darah Neurotrauma Neuroonkologi Neuro Infeksi Neuro Behavior Neurorestorasi Neuropediatri Gangguan Tidur Nyeri Kepala Neurootologi Neuro Intervensi Neuro Intensif Neurogeriatri Gangguan Gerak Epilepsi Neuro Epidemiologi
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Neurologi Klinis
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 39 No 1 (2021)" : 9 Documents clear
MOTOR IMAGERY, ACTION OBSERVATION, DAN GRADED MOTOR IMAGERY PADA REHABILITASI STROKE : MI, AO, DAN GMI PADA REHABILITASI STROKE Made Hendra Satria Nugraha
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.199

Abstract

Stroke merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kecacatan pada orang dewasa. Mirror neuron system (MNS) dianggap sebagai terobosan besar untuk ilmu saraf dan merupakan salah satu fitur penting pada evolusi otak manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan pustaka dengan sumber data sekunder berupa kumpulan artikel ilmiah yang diakses melalui journal database, seperti: PubMed Central (PMC) NCBI dan google scholar. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui efektivitas MI, AO, dan GMI dalam memperbaiki gerak dan fungsi tubuh pada pasien stroke serta (2) memahami protokol penatalaksanaan MI, AO, dan GMI dalam memperbaiki gerak dan fungsi tubuh pada pasien stroke. Hasil kajian pustaka menunjukkan bahwa intervensi MI, AO, dan GMI efektif dalam memperbaiki fungsi dan gerak tubuh saat rehabilitasi stroke. Protokol penatalaksanaan MI, AO, dan GMI memiliki variasi dilihat dari segi frekuensi, intensitas, dan durasi terapi, dimana sebagian besar pemberian intervensi ini dapat menunjukkan manfaat yang lebih baik jika dikombinasikan dengan intervensi konvensional fisioterapi lainnya.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Epilepsi pada Subcortical Band Heterotopia: Sebuah Kasus Langka Stella Natadidjaja; Gilbert Tangkudung; Herlyani Khosama
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.202

Abstract

Abstract Subcotical band heterotopia (SBH) is characterized by symmetrical and bilateral bands of heterotopic gray matter, located between the ventricular wall and the cortical mantle, and clearly separated from both. It is caused by genetic mutations. It’s a rare disorder with only a few hundred cases reported in literature till now and most of the patients were females. Clinical symptoms typically include recurrent seizures and intellectual delay. Treatment is mainly symptomatic and may include antiepileptics, although some cases may be refractory to medical therapy. Here we report a rare case of 13-year old girl with SBH in Indonesia with seizures that was responded to anti epileptic medication. Keywords:double cortex syndrome, epilepsy, subcortical band heterotopia
Tinjauan Pustaka AKURASI PEMERIKSAAN LFA CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN SERUM DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN KULTUR DALAM PENEGAKAN DIAGNOSIS MENINGITIS KRIPTOKOKUS Dimas Seto Prasetyo; Janice Tandraeline; Maria Astika Dewi; Nadia Maretti
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.275

Abstract

Cryptococcosis is an infection caused by Cryptococcus, with the main pathogen is Cryptococcus neoformans. This mainly infects immunocompromised patient, e.g people living with HIV/AIDS. The gold standard for diagnosis is culturing from cerebrospinal fluid but this technique is time-consuming. Besides that, few centers have resources (e.g neurologist) to perform lumbar puncture and patients may have certain contraindication for lumbar puncture, e.g elevated intracranial pressure. There will be a need of simple and less invasive diagnostic method, such as cryptococcal antigen detection using lateral flow assay. The objective of this evidence-based case report is to compare the cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay from serum in establishing cryptococcal meningitis with conventional culture method from cerebrospinal fluid. Method: Article searching was conducted in Pubmed database (MEDLINE), Embase, and Wiley Online Library. Article screening was done by 3 researcher, using inclusion and exclusion criteria, and examination of article completeness. The full article was also examined for answering the clinical question. Result: From the literature research, we found 2 articles from the database and 1 systematic review from Googlescholar which fulfilled eligibility criteria. The 2 articles were already included in the systematic review so the critical review was only conducted to the systematic review article. The report showed that the cryptococcal antigen detection using lateral flow assay from serum yielded a relatively high sensitivity and specificity (97,9% and 89,5% respectively) Conclusion: The accuracy of cryptococcal antigen detection from serum using LFA in establishing cryptococcal meningitis in HIV patient was comparable to conventional cerebrospinal fluid culture. Keywords: cyrptococcal meningitis, lateral flow assay
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH PADA PROGNOSIS PASIEN TUMOR OTAK METASTASIS DI RSUD SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG Dotti Inggrianita; Dessika Rahmawati; Rodhiyan Rakhmatiar; Nuretha Hevy Purwaningtyas
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.276

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Metastatic brain tumor is a critical period for the spread of malignancy originating from other organs. This type of tumor is the most common intracranial tumor. Prognosis for metastatic brain tumors is poor. Karnofsky Performance scale is an assessment of performance status which can be used to know prognosis of patients with brain tumors. Aim To determine the factors that influence the prognosis of metastatic brain tumor patients in Saiful Anwar General Hospital. Methods: The design of this study was cross sectional retrospective. Data were taken based on patient’s characteristics, clinical, radiological factors, primary tumor type and comorbidities from Neurooncology register data in RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang during January 2017 to December 2020. The data were presented in descriptive and analytic using multivariate logistic regression. Result: There were 71 subjects with metastatic brain tumors and had the same proportion of males and females. Based on the assessed factors, there were two variables that significantly correlated. Age <60 years had a correlation with Karnofsky Performance Scale <60 (p: 0.012) (OR: 0.076). Decreased consciousness had a significant correlation with poor prognosis, that is Karnofsky Performance Scale <60 (p: 0.021) (OR: 13.851). Discussions: Factors affected prognosis of metastatic brain tumor in saiful anwar general hospital malang Age < 60 years and altered mental state affect prognosis of patients with metastatic brain tumor in Saiful Anwar General Hospital. Age < 60 years is a good prognosis while decreased of consciousness shows the poor prognosis. Keywords: Karnofsky performance scale, metastatic brain tumor, prognosis.
FAKTOR –FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN LAMA PERAWATAN RAWAT INAP PASIEN STROKE DI RUMAH SAKIT ATMA JAYA Kezia Nathania Limbong Allo; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo; Poppy Sasmita
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.284

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction:Stroke patients require a comprehensive treatment at the hospital. At the other hand, length of hospitalization is related to the cost of health care and risk of complication. By understanding more about the contributing factors of length of hospitalization, stroke units candevelop better interventions to reduce prolonged hospitalization and toprevent complications during hospital stay. Aims:This study aims to determine the association between demographic characteristics, comorbidities, complications, type of stroke, severity of stroke, and level of consciousness with length of hospitalization among stroke patients in Atma Jaya Hospital. Method:This cross-sectional study was performed on 254 eligible stroke patients in Atma Jaya Hospital during 2014-2019. Assessment of variables based on secondary data from stroke registry.. Prolonged hospitalization was defined as >7 days. Data analysis was performed using Fisher-exact test, Breslow-Day test, Mantel-Haenzel test, and logistic regression test. Result: From a total of 254 respondents, 65 (25.6%) have a prolonged length of hospitalization. Analysis showed that complications, type of stroke, severity of stroke and level consciousness had a significant association with length of hospitalization. The most influential risk factor on prolonged hospitalization was type of stroke, complication and severity of stroke,. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between complications, type of stroke, severity of stroke, and level of consciousness with length of hospitalization. Hemorrhagic stroke, patient with severe stroke and complication are the dominant factors for prolonged length of hospitalization in stroke patient.
ENSEFALOPATI PADA COVID-19 DENGAN MANIFESTASI GANGGUAN PERILAKU DAN KOGNITIF Reza Stevano; Rocksy Fransisca V Situmeang; Evlyne E Suryawijaya
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.309

Abstract

Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are wide and varied. We report a case of COVID-19-associated encephalopathy with manifestations of behavioral and cognitive changes, seizures, and altered consciousness, in a 47-year-old male previously diagnosed with COVID-19 two weeks prior. Upon physical examination, the patient was found to be agitated and disoriented. The neurological exam was nonfocal. Laboratory tests and a noncontrast head CT revealed normal results, while the nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies were significant for elevated protein (0.54g/L) with a normal cell and glucose count, and CSF PCR were negative for presence of SARS-CoV-2. The patient received therapy with remdesivir, dexamethasone, heparin, antibiotics, and phenytoin, and was admitted for 8 days with marked improvement. Three weeks later, tests for cognitive function were performed and showed mild deficits in attention and short-term memory. Encephalopathy in COVID-19 can manifest as altered consciousness, seizure, behavioral and cognitive changes. It can emerge even without the presence of known risk factors and occur after the initial acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which might be due to a persistent immune response as a result of the presence of trace amounts of virus.
VERBAL FLUENCY SEBAGAI DOMAIN KOGNITIF YANG PALING MEMENGARUHI AKTIVITAS FUNGSIONAL LANSIA DI PULAU JAWA Pricilya H. Wangi; Yvonne Suzy Handajani; Yuda Turana
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.313

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of cognitive impairment and functional disability increases with age. Decreases in cognitive subdomains increase the risk of functional disability in the elderly. Aim: Obtain an overview of the ability of the elderly in carrying out functional activities as well as risk factors, especially cognitive disorders in the elderly community on the island of Java. Method: A cross-sectional study using secondary data from the 2014-2015 Indonesian Family Live Survey (IFLS-5) was conducted on respondents aged 60 years or older. Impaired cognitive function was assessed using the Telephone Survey of Cognitive Status (TICS) method. There are several cognitive domains in the TICS with a total score of 0-34, with the possibility of experiencing global cognitive impairment if the score is ≤13. Verbal fluency is said to be impaired with a value of <16. Elderly independence was assessed using the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL). Result: Obtained 1688 respondents, mostly aged 60-74 years (88.7%), women (54.3%), with less than nine years of education (72.8%), and living in urban areas (58.4%). A total of 26.7% of respondents experienced global cognitive impairment, 73.6% of respondents with impaired verbal fluency, and 28.6% needed assistance doing IADL. The analysis result shows a relationship between several domains of cognitive function and IADL in the elderly on the island of Java. Discussion: Based on multivariate analysis, the most influencing factor for IADL was age, while the cognitive domain that most influenced IADL was verbal fluency. Respondents over 75 years old and impaired verbal fluency were 2,2 and 1,7 times, respectively, at greater risk of developing IADL dependence. Keywords: Cognitive, elderly, instrumental activity of daily living, verbal fluency.
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Nyeri Punggung Bawah Saat Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Mahasiswa fakultas Kedokteran Clara Stephanie Paul; Jimmy Fransisco Abadinta Barus; Ecie Budiyanti; Linda Suryakusuma
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.315

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic changes lifestyle in society, one of the most obvious changes is physical activity. Physical activity has been known as one of risk factors of low back pain. Aims: To determine the relationship between physical activity and complaints of low back pain during COVID-19 pandemic among students at Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Atma Jaya Catholic University. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in February until March 2021 with the studied respondents were preclinic students of Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Atma Jaya Catholic University. Data were obtained through questionnaires by online with Google Forms. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test with significant level was set at 0,05. Results: Among 109 respondents, 52,3% medical students had moderate physical activity intensity and 27,5% had low back pain complaints. Bivariate analysis found no association between physical activity and complaints of low back pain during COVID-19 pandemic among medical students (p = 0,547). Discussion: There was no significant association between physical activity and complaints of low back pain. However, it was found that the tendency of low back pain was experienced by students who showed decrease in physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: physical activity, low back pain, COVID-19 pandemic, medical student
PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSIS DAN MANAJEMEN CHOREA PADA KONDISI HIPERGLIKEMIA HIPEROSMOLAR NON KETOTIK: LAPORAN KASUS Valentina Tjandra Dewi; Sri Yenni Trisnawati; Dewa Putu Gde Purwa Samatra
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.333

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Chorea can be classified based on its etiology as primary and secondary chorea. Primary chorea is idiopathic/genetic, while secondary chorea is associated with infections, metabolic, endocrine, and immune disorders, or drug-induced. One of the metabolic disorders that can manifest as chorea is hyperglycemic state, which is commonly found in people with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Case Report: A 70-year-old man came to the emergency room with involuntary and irregular movements which appeared like dancing movements along his left upper limb. The patient had a history of uncontrolled type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and it was known that the blood glucose result on admission was 926 mg / dL and HbA1C 15.4%. Blood glucose regulation was carried out by the endocrinology department with rehydration and administering intravenous rapid acting insulin infusion, later on, the chorea symptoms disappeared within 24 hours after glycemic control and adding of dopamine antagonist drug. Discussion: Hyperglycemia can impair perfusion of the contralateral striatum and disrupt Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) resulting in excessive inhibition of the subthalamic nucleus and hyperexcitation of the thalamocortical system. When diagnosing chorea, a comprehensive evaluation of patient history, neurological examination, laboratory tests, and imaging are essential. Management of chorea relies on the identification of underlying etiology. Conclusion: Most cases of chorea or hemichorea induced by non-ketotic hyperglycemia have a good prognosis. Blood glucose regulation is the mainstay of therapy, while dopamine receptor antagonist drugs are sometimes required in cases where symptoms are not fully improved. Keywords: chorea, non ketotic hyperglycemia, involuntary movements

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