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Deteksi Acinetobacter baumannii Multiresisten Obat Penghasil Biofilm menggunakan Pewarnaan Berbasis Crystal Violet Ardiana Kusumaningrum; Iin Maemunah; Dimas Seto Prasetyo; Fera Ibrahim; Budiman Bela
The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol 5, No 2 (2019): The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Disease
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Penyakit Infeksi Prof Dr. Sulianti Saroso

Pendahuluan: Kasus infeksi terkait biofilm merupakan masalah besar pada dunia kesehatan karena sifat kekebalannya terhadap antibiotik dan respon imun, terutama pada kasus infeksi kronik akibat Acinetobacter baumannii. Saat ini terdapat berbagai metode deteksi pembentukan biofilm, namun pemeriksaan tersebut belum dilakukan secara rutin karena berbagai keterbatasan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan optimasi metode deteksi biofilm menggunakan bahan yang rutin tersedia di laboratorium serta mengukur proporsi sampel yang mengandung bakteri penghasil biofilm Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah uji eksperimental. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengembangan deteksi pembentukan biofilm menggunakan metoda tabung microcentrifuse tube 1,5 ml berbahan polypropylene dengan zat warna berbasis crystal violet konsentrasi 0,1% dan 1%. Optimasi yang dilakukan meliputi media biakan, lama inkubasi, inokulum bakteri yang digunakan serta bahan pembilas. Isolat bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145, A. baumannii ATCC 19606 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif pemeriksaan yang dilakukan. Hasil: Pemeriksaan optimasi yang dilakukan, diperoleh kondisi optimal pembentukan biofilm menggunakan media Luria Bertani dengan besar inokulum 1 sengkelit penuh, lama inkubasi 30 jam dan pewarnaan dilakukan menggunakan crystal violet 0,1% serta bahan pembilas berupa PBS steril. Proporsi pembentukan biofilm pada A. baumannii multiresisten obat sebesar 55,3%. Kesimpulan: Metode deteksi pembentukan biofilm menggunakan metode tabung polypropylene yang dimodifikasi dan pewarnaan zat warna crystal violet 0,1% merupakan metode deteksi yang mudah dikerjakan, reproducible dan efisien, sehingga dapat dilakukan di laboratorium mikrobiologi klinik sederhana. Proporsi bakteri penghasil biofilm adalah lebih dari 50% A. baumannii resisten multiobat.

Multidrug Resistance and Extensively Drug-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus haemolyticus Cliff Clarence Haliman; Dimas Seto Prasetyo; Conny R Tjampakasari; Fera Ibrahim; T Mirawati Sudiro
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria has become a leading global public health issue. Staphylococcus sp. has an efficient mechanism to deal with antimicrobial agents that make them hard to treat in hospital-acquired and community-acquired infections. This study was conducted due to limited data about multidrug resistance and extensively drug resistance in Staphylococcus sp. in Indonesia. This study was a descriptive retrospective study using a cross-sectional design to get the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. haemolyticus, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis. The data was secondary data extracted from WHONET 2022 software. This studyâ€™s data were from bacteria from samples sent to UKK LMK FKUI, Jakarta from 2017 to 2021 for routine diagnostic. In this study, we found that the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S.aureus was 24,9%, methicillin-resistant S.epidermidis was 65,5%, and methicillin-resistant S.haemolyticus was 86,8%. The prevalence of MDR S.aureus is less than S.epidermidis and S.haemolyticus, respectively. MDR S.haemolyticus was consistently above 85% each year, while S.epidermidis was above 50% and S.aureus was below 50%. XDR Staphylococcus was only found in S.aureus and S.haemolyticus, i.e. three and seven XDR isolates of S.aureus and S.haemolyticus respectively during 2017-2021. Although we could not find any pan-resistant isolates from all samples, we found methicillin-resistant S.aureus and S.haemolyticus isolates that were also resistant to vancomycin and linezolid. S.haemolyticus dan S. epidermidis were an important coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species that canâ€™t be neglected due to the high percentage of MDR and the discoveries of XDR in S.haemolyticus so that they have the potential to disseminate resistance plasmids to the more virulent bacteria. Therefore we need to control the use of antimicrobial agent to prevent this resistance.

Tinjauan Pustaka AKURASI PEMERIKSAAN LFA CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN SERUM DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN KULTUR DALAM PENEGAKAN DIAGNOSIS MENINGITIS KRIPTOKOKUS Dimas Seto Prasetyo; Janice Tandraeline; Maria Astika Dewi; Nadia Maretti
NEURONA Vol 39 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v39i1.275

Cryptococcosis is an infection caused by Cryptococcus, with the main pathogen is Cryptococcus neoformans. This mainly infects immunocompromised patient, e.g people living with HIV/AIDS. The gold standard for diagnosis is culturing from cerebrospinal fluid but this technique is time-consuming. Besides that, few centers have resources (e.g neurologist) to perform lumbar puncture and patients may have certain contraindication for lumbar puncture, e.g elevated intracranial pressure. There will be a need of simple and less invasive diagnostic method, such as cryptococcal antigen detection using lateral flow assay. The objective of this evidence-based case report is to compare the cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay from serum in establishing cryptococcal meningitis with conventional culture method from cerebrospinal fluid. Method: Article searching was conducted in Pubmed database (MEDLINE), Embase, and Wiley Online Library. Article screening was done by 3 researcher, using inclusion and exclusion criteria, and examination of article completeness. The full article was also examined for answering the clinical question. Result: From the literature research, we found 2 articles from the database and 1 systematic review from Googlescholar which fulfilled eligibility criteria. The 2 articles were already included in the systematic review so the critical review was only conducted to the systematic review article. The report showed that the cryptococcal antigen detection using lateral flow assay from serum yielded a relatively high sensitivity and specificity (97,9% and 89,5% respectively) Conclusion: The accuracy of cryptococcal antigen detection from serum using LFA in establishing cryptococcal meningitis in HIV patient was comparable to conventional cerebrospinal fluid culture. Keywords: cyrptococcal meningitis, lateral flow assay

Rapid Nucleic Acid Test pada Kasus Faringitis yang Disebabkan oleh Bakteri Group A Streptococcus Rika Febriana Pinem; Febi Arfini; Zaenab Azzahra; Dimas Seto Prasetyo
Sari Pediatri Vol 25, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp25.4.2023.271-7

Latar belakang. Faringitis streptokokal akut adalah salah satu infeksi saluran napas atas yang sering menyerang anak usia 5- 15 tahun. Insidensinya sangat tinggi di Indonesia, sekitar 20% pada rentang usia di atas, dan 10-15% pada usia dewasa (>15 tahun). Komplikasi sering berupa abses peritonsilar, glomerulonefritis pasca infeksi, atau penyakit jantung rematik, apabila penanganan tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan kematian.Tujuan. Menilai Rapid Nucleic Acid Test sebagai alat diagnosis pasien suspek faringitis.Metode. Penelusuran pada database elektronik, yaitu Pubmed, Embase, dan ProQuest dengan kata kunci “pharyngitis” “AND” “Nucleic Acid Amplification Test”.Hasil. Keenam penelitian yang masuk dalam pembelajaran Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti ini memiliki nilai sensistifitas cukup baik, yaitu >95%, kecuali oleh Hashavya S dkk (79%). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan ini dapat diaplikasikan secara klinis.Kesimpulan. Rapid Nucleic Acid Tests digunakan sebagai alat uji diagnostik pasien suspek Group A Streptococcal faringitis, cenderung lebih mudah serta hasil didapatkan lebih cepat jika dibandingkan dengan kultur.

The use of urine lipoarabinomannan for establishing pulmonary TB in HIV patient: case report and systematic review Margono, Djiwa; Yulianti Ningtias, Pranudiah; Kusumaningrum, Ardiana; Prasetyo, Dimas Seto
Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Available online: December 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Clinical Microbiology (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mikrobiologi Klinik Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/jcmid.v3i2.38

Introduction: Indonesia is still the country that provides the second-largest estimated number of TB cases worldwide. Several patients had TB with HIV-positive. HIV-positive patients with symptoms suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis often difficult to produce sputum of sufficient quality. Lateral flow lipoarabinomannan examination with urine specimens is expected to be easy, inexpensive, fast, and accurate point-of-care testing. The aim of this research was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the lateral flow method in detecting lipoarabinomannan (LAM) from urine specimens in HIV-positive patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Sputum cultures were utilised as a reference standard. Case Description: A 21-year-old male patient came to the clinic complaining of a cough that had not subsided since the previous month. Cough felt throughout the day with a little white phlegm. The patient admitted to having high-risk sexual behavior and had been tested positive for HIV but had not started antiretroviral therapy. The laboratory examination results showed that the leukocyte count was 3600/mm3 and the radiological examination revealed a chest X-ray within normal limits. The patient had been tested for sputum smears with negative results but was still advised to start TB treatment. The patient has not started treatment because he feels that his sputum smear test results are negative. Currently, the patient is not willing to have his sputum checked again. The polyclinic doctor knows the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) examination that uses urine specimens to diagnose TB but does not yet know its effectiveness for this patient. Conclusion: In this case report, the patient was unwilling to do a diagnostic test related to the TB. The systematic review was that the Alere Determine™ TB LAM Ag may not be clinically applicable for diagnosing tuberculosis infection in patients living with HIV at this time. However, Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM® could be regarded as a supplementary tool to the established diagnostic protocol for tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients.

Optimizing Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolation from Children Diarrheal Stool Samples in Jakarta: A Comparative Analysis of Six Culture Media Abdelrazig, Omnia Amir Osman; Fadilah, Fadilah; Prasetyo, Dimas Seto; Saharman, Yulia Rosa; Hegar, Badriul
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v7i1.20528

The prevalence of diarrheal illnesses in Indonesia remains a significant concern among children under the age of five, evident through diagnostic findings and symptomatic manifestations, leading to increased rates of mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to identify, isolate, and culture gram-negative bacteria responsible for childhood diarrhea. Twenty stool samples were collected from children under the age of 5 with acute diarrhea in Jakarta health centres and hospitals between October 2023 to January 2024. These samples were inoculated onto selective agars to facilitate the growth of gram-negative bacteria. After a 24-hour incubation period, colonies suspected to be E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Salmonella, Shigella, or Vibrio were identified using the Vitek-2 compact system. The results revealed a notable presence of Gram-negative bacteria in all the fecal samples from diarrheal children, with Escherichia coli (E. Coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Klebsiella p) as the predominant species. In conclusion, our study, utilizing various cultures and the Vitek-2 compact system, elucidates the microbial landscape driving diarrheal morbidity in Indonesian children under five, with E. Coli and klebsiella pneumoniae emerging as prevalent contributors to childhood diarrhea in this population.

Uji In Vitro Beberapa Kombinasi Antibiotik Antipseudomonas terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa yang Resisten terhadap Karbapenem Prasetyo, Dimas Seto; Herna, Herna; Mursinah, Mursinah; Ibrahim, Fera; Bela, Budiman
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 12, NOMOR 1, FEBRUARI 2022
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v0i0.5008

Lower respiratory tract, sepsis, or urinary tract infection caused by the multidrug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa is common in the hospital, especially in the ICU wards. The treatment against this bacteria requires combination of antibiotics with different mechanism of actions. In this study, several combinations of antibiotics were evaluated in vitro against carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from the ICU of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The combination of antibiotics tested were ceftazidime-amikacin, ceftazidime-ciprofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin-amikacin. Checkerboard assay to the combination of antibiotics was conducted to assess the in vitro synergistic activity. A total of 22 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected, 16 of them were resistant to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, as well as carbapenem. The result revealed that the combination of ceftazidime and amikacin showed promising synergistic activity. Conversely, no synergitic activities were shown by the combination of ceftazidime-ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin-amikacin. The combination of ceftazidime-amikacin may has potential effect againsts carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa in vitro.

SENSITIVITAS DAN SPESIFISITAS TES ANTIGEN FESES DALAM MENDIAGNOSIS INFEKSI HELICOBACTER PYLORI PADA PASIEN DENGAN ULKUS PEPTIKUM DISERTAI PERDARAHAN Nathan, Johan; Prasetyo, Dimas Seto
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2025): JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol. 11.2 (2025)
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v11i2.812

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the stool antigen test in diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcers accompanied by bleeding. Method: This was an evidence-based case report. A literature search was carried out on five databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase). The search was carried out using the keywords: H. pylori, peptic ulcer, stool antigen test, culture, histology, and biopsy without using language filters, study design, or year of publication according to eligibility criteria. Critical review and level of evidence determination were carried out using critical appraisal tools from CEBM Oxford University. Results: A total of 215 articles were obtained from the search results. After screening abstracts, titles, and removing duplicate articles, 23 full-text articles were obtained. In the full-text review, 16 articles were excluded because the subjects did not meet the inclusion criteria and 1 article had a different outcome. In this EBCR, there was 1 SR-MA article from 6 cross-sectional studies with sensitivity results of 87% (82-91) and specificity of 70% (62-78). However, these studies have a high level of heterogeneity. Most studies on EBCR show poor specificity of the stool antigen test (52%-68%). The high number of false positive results from several studies could be due to cross-reaction of blood with H. pylori antigens. Conclusion: The stool antigen test can be considered as an additional diagnostic test in patients with peptic ulcers accompanied by bleeding if the patient has contraindications to invasive diagnostic tests.

Optimizing Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolation from Children Diarrheal Stool Samples in Jakarta: A Comparative Analysis of Six Culture Media Abdelrazig, Omnia Amir Osman; Fadilah, Fadilah; Prasetyo, Dimas Seto; Saharman, Yulia Rosa; Hegar, Badriul
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v7i1.20528

The prevalence of diarrheal illnesses in Indonesia remains a significant concern among children under the age of five, evident through diagnostic findings and symptomatic manifestations, leading to increased rates of mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to identify, isolate, and culture gram-negative bacteria responsible for childhood diarrhea. Twenty stool samples were collected from children under the age of 5 with acute diarrhea in Jakarta health centres and hospitals between October 2023 to January 2024. These samples were inoculated onto selective agars to facilitate the growth of gram-negative bacteria. After a 24-hour incubation period, colonies suspected to be E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Salmonella, Shigella, or Vibrio were identified using the Vitek-2 compact system. The results revealed a notable presence of Gram-negative bacteria in all the fecal samples from diarrheal children, with Escherichia coli (E. Coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Klebsiella p) as the predominant species. In conclusion, our study, utilizing various cultures and the Vitek-2 compact system, elucidates the microbial landscape driving diarrheal morbidity in Indonesian children under five, with E. Coli and klebsiella pneumoniae emerging as prevalent contributors to childhood diarrhea in this population.

Optimizing Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolation from Children Diarrheal Stool Samples in Jakarta: A Comparative Analysis of Six Culture Media Abdelrazig, Omnia Amir Osman; Fadilah, Fadilah; Prasetyo, Dimas Seto; Saharman, Yulia Rosa; Hegar, Badriul
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v7i1.20528

The prevalence of diarrheal illnesses in Indonesia remains a significant concern among children under the age of five, evident through diagnostic findings and symptomatic manifestations, leading to increased rates of mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to identify, isolate, and culture gram-negative bacteria responsible for childhood diarrhea. Twenty stool samples were collected from children under the age of 5 with acute diarrhea in Jakarta health centres and hospitals between October 2023 to January 2024. These samples were inoculated onto selective agars to facilitate the growth of gram-negative bacteria. After a 24-hour incubation period, colonies suspected to be E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Salmonella, Shigella, or Vibrio were identified using the Vitek-2 compact system. The results revealed a notable presence of Gram-negative bacteria in all the fecal samples from diarrheal children, with Escherichia coli (E. Coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Klebsiella p) as the predominant species. In conclusion, our study, utilizing various cultures and the Vitek-2 compact system, elucidates the microbial landscape driving diarrheal morbidity in Indonesian children under five, with E. Coli and klebsiella pneumoniae emerging as prevalent contributors to childhood diarrhea in this population.

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