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jes
Published by Yayasan Kawanad
ISSN : 28288106     EISSN : 2828805X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.56347/jes
Core Subject : Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering
The Journal of Engineering Science is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering sciences, its core interest lies in issues concerning material modeling and response. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome. All published article URLs will have a digital object identifier (DOI).
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Kontrol dan Sistem
Articles 80 Documents
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Impact of Moisture Variations on NH₃ and H₂S Emissions During Municipal Solid Waste Drying Using Waste Motor Oil Interceptor System: A Case from Denpasar, Bali Prakasa, I Made Panji Tirta; Andrayuga, I Wayan; Sutasoma, I Wayan Gde; Putra, Anak Agung Adi Wiryya
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i1.233

Abstract

Municipal solid waste (MSW) production continues to rise globally, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia, creating significant environmental challenges. This study investigates the impact of moisture content (MC) variation on ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) emissions during the MSW drying process, and evaluates the effectiveness of a gas capture system using waste motor oil (WMO). Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted at Universitas Pendidikan Nasional in collaboration with Universitas Udayana, using MSW samples conditioned at five moisture levels: 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, and 10%. Emissions were measured before and after treatment with the WMO-based interceptor system. The results showed that the highest gas emissions occurred at 50% MC, with corresponding reduction efficiencies of 73.9% (50% MC), 70.0% (40%), 72.1% (30%), 55.9% (20%), and 5.4% (10%). Higher MC was associated with increased anaerobic microbial activity and organic matter decomposition, leading to elevated NH₃ and H₂S generation. The WMO system demonstrated strong gas adsorption performance, particularly at moderate to high MC levels. These findings suggest that controlling MC and applying low-cost WMO-based gas interception can significantly reduce emissions in waste drying processes. This approach holds promise for improving air quality in urban waste management systems, especially in resource-limited settings.
Fatigue Performance of Sugar Palm Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites with Varying Fibre Content Bachtiar, Dandi; Siregar, Januar Parlaungan; Suhaeri; Masri; Zulfadhli
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i1.267

Abstract

This study investigates the fatigue behavior of sugar palm fibre (SPF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites with varying fibre contents (10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt%). The composites were fabricated using extrusion followed by hot press moulding. Tensile tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM D638 to determine the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and fatigue tests were performed under stress levels of 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% of the UTS, following ASTM D7791. The results indicate that an increase in fibre content leads to a reduction in both tensile strength and fatigue life, likely due to poor interfacial bonding and fibre agglomeration. Fatigue life was found to be significantly higher at lower stress levels across all fibre contents. These findings provide valuable information about the potential and limitations of SPF/TPU composites for applications involving cyclic loading, particularly in lightweight and sustainable material applications
Performance Optimization of Low-Cost DC Motors for Educational Engineering Applications Singh, Vikram
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i1.270

Abstract

This research examines how to build and improve a basic direct current (DC) electric motor using affordable, everyday materials for classroom teaching. We constructed our motor from simple components: copper wire coils, an iron nail, permanent magnets, and standard batteries. The device effectively demonstrates electromagnetic principles and energy conversion processes that students can observe firsthand. Our experimental work concentrated on three main factors that affect motor performance: the number of wire turns in the coil, magnet strength, and battery voltage levels. We systematically tested different combinations to find the best rotational speed and energy efficiency. The results showed interesting patterns - when we increased coil turns from 50 to 100, the motor's torque improved by roughly 20%. Using stronger magnets made the rotation much more stable and consistent. The motor worked most efficiently when powered by a 9-volt battery, where energy waste dropped to minimal levels. What makes this design particularly valuable is its simplicity - teachers can easily replicate it even in schools with limited resources, especially in Indian secondary education settings where budget constraints often limit hands-on learning opportunities. To verify our physical experiments, we ran computer simulations using finite element analysis. These digital models confirmed our real-world findings and revealed that optimized coil arrangements increased magnetic flux density by 15%. The close agreement between our experimental data and simulation results strengthens confidence in the design approach. This motor design offers teachers and students a practical, affordable way to explore electromagnetism and basic engineering principles. The project has broader implications for educational programs in developing regions, where cost-effective teaching tools can make advanced concepts accessible to more students. Schools can now demonstrate complex electromagnetic theory using materials that cost less than traditional laboratory equipment while achieving comparable learning outcomes.
Small-Scale Wind Power Generator with Inverse Taper and Taper Type Blades at Low Wind Speed Lubis, Rakhmad Syafutra; Muhayatsyah, Teuku; Syukri, Mahdi; Siregar, Ramdhan Halid; Jalil, Saifuddin Muhammad
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i1.275

Abstract

The utilization of wind energy as one of the renewable energy sources in Indonesia is still limited. This is due to Indonesia's large wind potential, but it is at low speeds. One modification of wind turbines to overcome this problem is by using inverse taper and taper blades. Inverse taper blades have a chord distribution that increases from root to tip while taper blades have a chord distribution that decreases from root to tip. This research conducts the design and construction of inverse taper and taper blades on small-scale wind turbines using NACA 6412 airfoil type, then tested in the field and obtained the performance of each blade. The design was carried out using blade element momentum theory to obtain the blade geometry shape and perform performance analysis of each type of blade. Based on the simulation results obtained from QBlade, it shows that the inverse taper blade performance has a maximum Cp of 0.52 while the taper blade has a maximum Cp of 0.41. The power graph from field testing results shows that inverse taper blades provide good power generation at low wind speeds compared to taper blades. The inverse taper blade has a cut-in speed of 1.2 m/s and the best power production occurs at speeds of 1-4 m/s.
Multi-Criteria Performance Evaluation and Optimization of Composite Particleboard Materials: A Grey Relational Analysis Approach Ogochukwu Chinedum, Chukwunedum; Chidozie Chukwuemeka, Nwobi-Okoye; Ekwueme, Godspower Onyekachukwu; Daniel Chinazom, Anizoba
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i1.290

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) of fifteen composite particleboard materials based on their fundamental physical and mechanical properties. The evaluation utilized Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) to systematically rank particleboard compositions according to five critical performance parameters: density (D), water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE). The Grey Relational Grade (GRG) methodology revealed significant performance variations among different particleboard compositions. The analysis identified sawdust waste reinforced with plastic-based resin (waste styrofoam) as the optimal composition, achieving the highest GRG value of 0.8143 (81.43%), indicating superior overall performance characteristics. Conversely, cement-bonded particleboard manufactured from pine (Pinus caribaea M.) sawdust and coconut husk/coir (Cocos nucifera L.) demonstrated the lowest performance with a GRG value of 0.4279 (42.79%). The research methodology employed systematic normalization procedures and grey relational coefficient calculations to establish comprehensive performance rankings. Results indicate that material composition and binder selection significantly influence particleboard performance characteristics, with plastic-based resins demonstrating superior mechanical properties compared to traditional formaldehyde-based binders. This investigation provides a quantitative framework for optimizing composite particleboard manufacturing processes and material selection strategies. The findings contribute to sustainable materials engineering by identifying high-performance alternatives utilizing waste materials, thereby supporting circular economy principles in the wood products industry. The established ranking system serves as a decision-support tool for manufacturers seeking to optimize particleboard compositions for specific applications while maintaining cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability
Design and Fabrication of a Hydraulic Transmission Jack for Heavy-Duty Truck Maintenance Van Anh, Nguyen; Mai, Hoang Thi
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v1i2.109

Abstract

This study presents the design, fabrication, and testing of a hydraulic transmission jack specifically tailored for lifting and handling truck transmissions in automotive repair facilities. The device utilizes a foot-operated hydraulic system to provide efficient and safe lifting capabilities, addressing the ergonomic and safety challenges associated with manual handling of heavy transmissions during removal and installation procedures. Through systematic design calculations, material selection, structural analysis, and prototype assembly, the jack achieves a lifting capacity of 2000 kg with a height adjustment range of 190–810 mm, suitable for medium to heavy-duty truck applications. Comprehensive performance testing demonstrated reliable operation under maximum load conditions, with no structural failure, hydraulic leakage, or stability issues observed during extended hold tests and offset load scenarios up to 1500 kg. The prototype was fabricated at approximately $300, representing 35–50% cost savings compared to commercially available models while maintaining comparable performance characteristics. The foot-pedal hydraulic operation enables hands-free lifting with controlled positioning, significantly reducing physical strain on mechanics and potentially decreasing workplace injuries. Stability tests confirmed adequate resistance to tipping under asymmetric loading conditions, while the 45 kg overall weight and caster-mounted base provide acceptable portability for workshop environments. This innovation contributes to advancing mechanical engineering applications in vehicle maintenance by demonstrating that effective ergonomic solutions can be achieved through practical design approaches using readily available materials and components, making specialized lifting equipment more accessible to small-scale repair facilities, particularly in developing economies where capital investment constraints limit access to commercial equipment.
Prediction of Fatigue Life of Coil Springs and Lower Suspension Arms Based on Strain-Life Approach Lim, Sokha
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v1i2.110

Abstract

This study predicts the fatigue life of helical coil springs and lower suspension arms in automotive suspension systems using the strain-life approach. The strain-life method, which incorporates local plastic strain effects, is particularly suitable for components experiencing variable amplitude loading under road-induced vibrations. Finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to determine critical strain locations and magnitudes under typical loading conditions. Fatigue life was estimated using the Coffin-Manson relation, with mean stress corrections via the Morrow and Smith-Watson-Topper (SWT) models. Results indicate that coil springs exhibit fatigue lives ranging from 10⁵ to 10⁶ cycles under rural road excitations, while lower suspension arms show shorter lives at high-stress regions due to multiaxial loading. The findings highlight the importance of material selection and geometry optimization for improved durability in automotive applications
Fatigue Life Prediction Of Minibus Lower Suspension Arm Using Strain-Life Approach Anh, Nguyen Thi Mai; Đức, Phạm Văn
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i2.276

Abstract

The lower suspension arm is a critical component in vehicle suspension systems that experiences complex dynamic loads during operation. This study aims to predict the fatigue life of minibus lower suspension arms using a strain-life approach considering road conditions in Southeast Asia. The finite element method was employed to analyze stress and strain distributions on the component, while fatigue failure criteria were applied to predict component life. Simulations were conducted using ANSYS software with Al-Si aluminum alloy material commonly used in suspension components. Analysis results showed that maximum stress occurred at the bushing joint area with a value of 245 MPa, and fatigue life was predicted to reach 1.2 × 10⁶ cycles for rough road conditions. Sensitivity analysis indicated that road roughness and joint geometry have significant influences on component fatigue life. This research contributes to design optimization and material selection to enhance lower suspension arm durability under tropical operating conditions.
Implementation of Column Formwork Works on the 10th Floor in the Construction of Sky House Alam Sutera Phase 3 Building Ghani Leo Frando; Mulya, Eka Sasmita
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i2.309

Abstract

Formwork is a crucial component in reinforced concrete structural works. This study specifically discusses the application of aluminum formwork for column elements in high-rise buildings. Time inefficiency and quality issues encountered when using wooden or conventional formwork are major problems frequently found on construction sites. This study aims to identify the advantages and disadvantages of using aluminum formwork for columns and to evaluate its impact on construction time and the quality of the resulting product. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach through direct observation and interviews with workers and project managers at the Sky House Alam Sutera Phase 3 building project. The results show that aluminum formwork can be installed and dismantled faster than wooden formwork, and it produces a smoother and more precise concrete surface. However, aluminum formwork has a higher initial procurement cost. Nevertheless, it is more cost-effective in the long term if properly maintained and reused multiple times. Due to its efficiency, neatness, and durability, aluminum formwork is a suitable choice for high-rise building projects.
Transformer Oil Failure Analysis Based on Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) Test Using Breakdown Voltage and Fuzzy Logic Methods Lubis, Rakhmad Syafutra; Akbar, Muhammad Hafizh; Siregar, Ramdhan Halid; Masri, Masri
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i2.381

Abstract

A common problem that occurs in transformers is failure of the insulating oil. One solution to prevent this disruption is to analyze indications of insulating oil failure. Several previous studies on the analysis of transformer insulating oil failure were based on dissolved gas content tests of transformer oil samples. The research was conducted using several methods in processing dissolved gas test results data, such as the TDCG (Total Dissolved Combustible Gas), Roger's Ratio, and Duval's Triangle methods. In this study, two methods were used for comparison, namely the Breakdown Voltage method and the Fuzzy Logic method. The results obtained show that the condition of the insulating oil using fuzzy logic in the Matlab simulation is in accordance with the condition of the transformer insulating oil based on its breakdown voltage characteristics, namely in a normal state. Meanwhile, gas content that is at a high or very high level has a significant impact on the indication of failure in transformer insulating oil, namely the concentration of TDCG and nitrogen gas content.

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