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An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought
Published by Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30316340     DOI : 10.62032/aijit
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
AIJIT (An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought) is a global academic platform committed to Social Sciences and Humanities research. The journal welcomes high-quality manuscripts in English and Arabic. With a comprehensive scope covering these subjects, the journal incorporates diverse viewpoints from different disciplines. The journal publishes peer-reviewed articles investigating various aspects of the history, culture, society, philosophy, politics, anthropology, linguistics, art, and Sufism of Islam Nusantara, especially Javanese Islam
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 40 Documents
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Theological Divergence and Political Convergence in Salafiyyah and the Muslim Brotherhood Hotimah, Husnul; Salsabila, Salsabila
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): AIJIT-JUNE
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i1.87

Abstract

This study explores the theological and political dimensions of two major Islamic revivalist movements: Salafiyyah and the Muslim Brotherhood. It begins by situating both within the broader context of colonialism, the collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate, and the subsequent crisis of modernity in the Muslim world. Methodologically grounded in library-based qualitative research and comparative textual analysis, the study traces the evolution of Salafiyyah from Hadith-centered traditionalism to its revivalist expression in figures such as Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ibn Taymiyyah, and Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab. Parallelly, it examines the emergence of the Muslim Brotherhood under Hasan al-Banna, focusing on its holistic Islamic vision that integrates theology with education, political activism, and social welfare. Results indicate that while both movements uphold core Sunni beliefs—particularly Tawḥīd and the rejection of Bidʿah—they differ sharply in strategic orientation. Salafiyyah emphasizes theological rigidity and purification, often leading to polemical exclusivism, whereas the Brotherhood employs theology as a platform for unity and pragmatic reform. These contrasting approaches reflect deeper tensions in how modern Muslims negotiate tradition, authority, and modernity. The study concludes by highlighting the contribution of both movements to Islamic revivalism and their enduring impact on contemporary Muslim political and spiritual thought.
Transformative Islamic Spirituality as an Ethical Framework for Ecological Responsibility Rozaq, Abdur; Zain, Moch Hibatullah
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/wjtw8116

Abstract

This article critically evaluates contemporary Islamic ecological piety and secular ecological ideologies to propose a spiritually enriched framework for meaningful environmental engagement. Employing a qualitative, philosophical-reflective methodology, it integrates conceptual analysis with comparative philosophical discussions between anthropocentric, ecocentric, and theocentric paradigms. The findings reveal significant shortcomings in current ecological practices, including superficiality within Islamic contexts and ideological limitations in secular ecologism. Although deep ecology offers insightful critiques against anthropocentric perspectives, its secular foundation limits practical implementation among religiously-oriented communities. Reflective insights from Islamic spirituality, notably the principles of tawhid and khalifah, are presented as practical ethical foundations for transformative ecological engagement. These concepts foster deep ecological consciousness and communal responsibility, enabling substantive rather than symbolic environmental actions. The study advocates integrating spiritual ethics within educational and religious institutions, exemplified by successful eco-pesantren models. This research contributes significantly by bridging spiritual and ecological ethics, suggesting practical approaches to ecological sustainability informed by Islamic spirituality, and encourages further empirical exploration into spiritually-based ecological frameworks.
Contesting the Esoteric Label of Sufism through Reformism and Orientalism Syarifah, Mahda; Nurfadilah, Yustira
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/nffbba30

Abstract

This article explores how Sufism came to be commonly identified as Islamic esotericism within academic discourse and broader cultural understandings. Drawing upon theoretical contributions from Wouter Hanegraaff and Kocku von Stuckrad, the study analyzes how Western intellectual movements—such as Orientalism, Romanticism, and Transcendentalism—framed Sufism through esoteric and mystical lenses, often severed from its Islamic roots. It also investigates how Islamic reformers like al-Afghānī, ʻAbduh, and Riḍā critiqued Sufism as irrational, superstitious, or obstructive to progress, paralleling Protestant criticisms of Christian mysticism. Methodologically, the study integrates discourse analysis, historical hermeneutics, and comparative textual analysis to trace the evolution of these narratives. Results show that classical Sufi orders such as the Naqshbandiyyah and Mevleviyya employed esoteric rhetoric without necessarily opposing orthodoxy. In modern contexts, Sufi expressions vary widely—from inward mystical cultivation (e.g., Naqshbandi-Haqqani) to outward political activism (e.g., Naqshbandi Army). These developments highlight Sufism’s role in contesting extremist ideologies and adapting to urban modernity. The article concludes that identifying Sufism solely as Islamic esotericism obscures its internal diversity and historical significance. Rather than treating it as a fixed category, scholars should engage with Sufism as a dynamic tradition deeply embedded in Islamic thought and practice, shaped by internal theological debates and external cultural forces.
The Role of Sufi Networks in Islamic Political and Economic History Afi, Badrus Sholeh
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): AIJIT-JUNE
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i1.92

Abstract

This paper investigates the multifaceted economic roles and institutional structures of Sufi networks in Islamic societies from medieval to modern times. It examines how Sufi doctrines of poverty and wealth, particularly through the divergent views of al-Ghazālī and Ibn Taymiyyah, shaped a distinctive Islamic economic ethos that intertwined spiritual discipline with ethical material engagement. The study explores the institutionalization of Sufi lodges (khānqāhs and zāwiyas) through waqf endowments, revealing how these centers supported religious transmission, community welfare, and local governance. Sufi lineages such as those in the Safavid and Saʿdī dynasties utilized spiritual charisma and household-based waqf networks to consolidate political authority and social influence. In frontier regions like Bengal and agrarian contexts like Morocco, Sufi institutions catalyzed agricultural development and rural integration, while in urban economies, Sufi guidance permeated trade guilds and artisanal ethics. The study also examines shrine-based pilgrimage economies as enduring engines of spiritual devotion, economic redistribution, and local identity formation, even amid modern state interventions and commodification. By integrating interdisciplinary methodologies from economic anthropology, historical sociology, and religious studies, this research highlights the strategic role of Sufi institutions in negotiating material realities with spiritual commitments. It offers new insights into how Sufi networks cultivated socio-economic resilience, governance structures, and moral economies across diverse Islamic polities and periods.
A Critical Genealogy of Rulership, Abuse, and Institutional Counterbalance in the Islamic Caliphates Anam, A'azliansyah Farizil; Biçer, Beytullah
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): AIJIT-JUNE
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i1.93

Abstract

This article challenges conventional debates on Islam and human rights, often focusing on doctrinal compatibility. It argues that a more robust and universal human rights framework must be grounded not in idealized historical traditions, but in a pragmatic acknowledgment of the historical reality of state-sponsored abuse. Employing a critical-historical and genealogical method, this study analyzes primary Islamic sources—including historical chronicles and legal treatises—to reconstruct the political history of governance, dissent, and violence from the pre-Islamic period through the classical caliphates. The findings reveal a profound dissonance between the theoretical ideal of the "just ruler" and the statistical reality, in which over 94% of caliphs and sultans were unjust by the tradition's standards. This history of abuse, however, paradoxically fostered the emergence of crucial institutional counterbalances, most notably an independent scholarly class (ʿUlamāʾ) that served as a moral and legal check on executive power. This study concludes that the most vital lesson from Islamic political history is the necessity of empowering such durable checks on power, shifting the focus from creating a perfect government to constraining the inevitable transgressions of an imperfect one.
A Genealogical Reconstruction of Wilāyat al-Faqīh as Theological Constitutionalism Maram, Ahmad Nabilul
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i2.129

Abstract

Contemporary analyses of Wilāyat al-Faqīh predominantly utilize security studies or political realism frameworks, effectively reducing the doctrine to an instrument of state hegemony. This externalist approach, however, creates an epistemic blind spot regarding the internal normative constraints that bind the jurist-ruler. This article bridges this gap by reconstructing the doctrine’s genealogy through a qualitative doctrinal analysis of primary Shiʿi jurisprudence, tracing the trajectory from the Safavid-era works of Al-Karakī, through the Qajar-era synthesis of Narāqī and the restrictionist critique of Anṣārī, to the revolutionary treatises of Khomeini. The study demonstrates that the transition from restricted agency (wikālah) to general vicegerency (wilāya ʿāmma) was not a rupture but a dialectical expansion of "collective obligation" (farḍ kifāyah) intended to prevent the suspension of divine law. Results indicate that the jurist’s authority is legally conceptualized as "trusteeship" (amānah), a functional construct (iʿtibārī) designed to negate arbitrary tyranny (ṭāghūt) via institutional checks. Consequently, the institution operates as a form of "Theological Constitutionalism," where the ruler’s legitimacy is continuously contingent upon adherence to justice (ʿadāla) and constitutional procedure. These findings challenge the "Theocratic Absolutism" thesis, suggesting that the system’s internal logic is closer to a rule-of-law mechanism than a charismatic dictatorship.  
The Social Construction of Bughāt as a Technology of Abbasid Hegemony in al-Māwardī’s al-Aḥkām al-Sulṭāniyyah Hikami, Abdullah Faqih; Fikri, Syarifuddin Ala Dzil
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i2.136

Abstract

The Islamic law of rebellion (bughāt) is traditionally interpreted as a protective framework or a neutral theological derivation designed to regulate internal political conflicts. Challenging these static interpretations, this study employs a genealogical deconstruction synthesized with social constructionism and power/knowledge frameworks to investigate al-Māwardī’s al-Aḥkām al-Sulṭāniyyah as an artifact of imperial survival. Findings reveal that al-Māwardī’s formulation of bughāt functions as a sophisticated "technology of power" engineered to mitigate the material impotence of the Abbasid Caliphate under Buwayhid hegemony. By constructing "legal fictions" of symbolic sovereignty, the text weaponizes the ambiguity between rebellion and banditry (ḥirābah). This architecture of exclusion utilizes the criteria of military strength (shawka) and plausible interpretation (ta’wīl) not to shield rebels, but to discipline the social body and criminalize dissenters who lack state-mirrored organizational structures. Consequently, the law transforms political opposition into a criminalized "non-subject" status, ensuring the state’s monopoly on legitimate violence. This research concludes that classical fiqh is a historically contingent tool of hegemonic legitimation, exposing the inherent exclusionary mechanisms that underpin the preservation of centralized authority.
Re-engineering the Neo-Modernist Hermeneutics for the Post-Truth Digital Sphere Atoillah, Muhammad Agil; Saryulis, Muhammad Irham
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i2.137

Abstract

The intellectual legacy of Islamic Neo-Modernism, grounded in the hermeneutics of Fazlur Rahman and operationalized by Nurcholish Madjid and Abdurrahman Wahid, successfully transitioned Indonesia from authoritarianism to democracy by reconciling Islamic authenticity with pluralism. However, the efficacy of this "analog" framework in the digital era remains critically underexamined. This study investigates the structural compatibility between Neo-Modernist epistemology—characterized by "high-context" reasoning and historical regression—and the "low-context" architecture of contemporary social media platforms. It specifically interrogates why the proliferation of moderate (Wasaṭiyyah) content has failed to counteract the rise of digital radicalism. Adopting a "Techno-Hermeneutic" framework that synthesizes Rahman’s "Double Movement" theory with Media Ecology, this research employs a Critical Conceptual Synthesis design to scrutinize high-impact empirical data from 2018–2024. The analysis reveals a "Hermeneutic Short-Circuit": digital platforms structurally amputate the "First Movement" (historical regression) required by Neo-Modernist thought, rendering it incompatible with the "infinite scroll." Furthermore, findings indicate that algorithmic metrics actively penalize Madjid’s "psychological skepticism," transforming Civility into performative identity conflict. At the same time, the "globally legible" aesthetics of the algorithm displace Wahid’s Indigenization, creating a vacuum of rooted authority. The study concludes that the digital medium inherently erodes Neo-Modernist authority by favoring "burstiness" over "psychological skepticism." Consequently, simply increasing the volume of moderate content is futile. The survival of Civil Islam requires a radical re-engineering of hermeneutic methods toward "Indigenous Data Sovereignty" and algorithmic transparency, shifting the battleground from content production to infrastructure governance.
Religious Rationalization of Ziarah Kubur Among Indonesian Students in Cairo Zainal Fanani; Maskuri, Arfan
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i2.138

Abstract

This study investigates the practice, motivation, and meaning-making of grave pilgrimage (ziarah kubur), a prominent Indonesian religious tradition, among Indonesian university students in Cairo, Egypt. It aims to understand how this cultural practice is maintained, negotiated, and rationalized within a major center of Islamic scholarship. Employing a qualitative-dominant research design, this study analyzed survey narratives from 54 Indonesian students, supported by descriptive statistics. The findings reveal that grave pilgrimage is widespread, serving as a key mechanism for cultural identity preservation in a diaspora context. The motivations are identified as a dynamic interplay between personal spiritual needs, such as seeking tranquility and divine blessings (barakah), and the reinforcement of communal cultural sentiments. Crucially, the study uncovers a sophisticated process of 'religious rationalization,' whereby students utilize their formal religious education to re-frame the practice intellectually, shifting it from the category of local custom (adat) to a more universally justifiable act of worship (ibadah). This research concludes that for this cohort of future religious elites, grave pilgrimage is not a static tradition but a dynamic, adaptive strategy for negotiating their Indonesian and Muslim identities. The practice is intellectually reinforced, ensuring its continued relevance and vitality in a transnational context.
The Paradox of the Sufi Sultanate: Charismatic Scaffolding and Epistemic Erasure in Islamic Statecraft Hidayat, Muhammad Syaiful Bahri; Ulum, Muhammad Nashrul
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i2.139

Abstract

History records recurring instances where Sufi brotherhoods transitioned into territorial states, notably in the Safavid Empire, the Sokoto Caliphate, and North African resistance movements. However, current scholarship often conflates the mystical identity of founders with the administrative reality of these polities, assuming a continuity of "Sufi governance" that empirical evidence contradicts. This study employs a comparative historical analysis to deconstruct the "Sufi Sultanate" as a political typology. By juxtaposing the Naqshbandī fiscalization in Central Asia, the Qādirī mobilization in West Africa, and the Sanūsī tribalization in Libya, the research isolates the structural mechanisms of state formation. Findings reveal a consistent process of "epistemic erasure," where the murshid-murīd bond—essential for initial mobilization—is systematically dismantled or "transubstantiated" into legal-rational or patrimonial authority once power is consolidated. Whether through the imposition of sharī‘a courts or the bureaucratization of waqf endowments, the "Sufi" infrastructure serves merely as revolutionary scaffolding. This article challenges the concept of "Sufi Exceptionalism," arguing that the "Sufi State" is inherently transient and inevitably yields to conventional Islamic statecraft to ensure political survival.

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