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Resti Nurmala Dewi
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Jurusan Teknik Kimia Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk. Syech Abdur Rauf No.7, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, INDONESIA
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INDONESIA
JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 14125064     EISSN : 23561661     DOI : https://doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v18i2.34018
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy Engineering
The Journal of Chemical Engineering and Environment is an open access journal that publishes papers on chemical engineering and environmental engineering. The following topics are included in these sciences: Food and biochemical engineering Catalytic reaction engineering Clean energy technology Environmental and safety technology Fundamentals of chemical engineering and applied industrial engineering Industrial chemical engineering Material science engineering Process and control engineering Polymer and petrochemical technology Membrane technology Agro-industrial technology Separation and purification technology Environmental modelling Environmental and information sciences Water and waste water treatment and management Material flow analysis Mechanisms of clean development
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Bioengineering
Articles 319 Documents
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Studi Pembuatan dan Karakteristik Sifat Mekanik dan Hidrofobisitas Bioplastik dari Pati Sorgum Darni, Yuli; Utami, Herti
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

This research investigated the utilization of sorghum starch and chitosan as basic material for preparation of biodegradble plastic. The optimum conditions for the formation of biodegradble plastic and the effect of starch-chitosan formulation on mechanical properties of the biodegradable plastic were studied. The experiments were conducted by varying concentration sorbitol as plasticizer (i.e. 20%, 25%, 30%, and 40% dry weight), ratio starch to chitosan (i.e. 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1, 10:0 g/g) and at ranging gelatinuous temperature of 65-95oC. The results showed that the optimum conditions were obtained at starch:chitosan mass comparison of 7:3 and sorbitol concentration of 20%. The mechanical properties of the biodegradable plastic produced at gelatinuous temperature of 95oC were: tensile strength of 6,9711 Mpa, elongation percentage of 16,48, modulus young of 42,48 Mpa, and water resistance of 36,825%.Keywords: bioplastic, chitosan, plasticizer, sorgum, sorbitol
Pengaruh Pengekstrakan pada Kekuatan Kayu: Damar Batu, Kempas, dan Durian Iskandar, Iskandar
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

The objective of this research is to determine strength rate of Damar Batu/Balau (Shorea spp.), Kempas (Kompassia malaccensis), and Durian (Durio spp.) before and after extraction. For this purpose, three solvents were used in sequence to extract the wood which are acetone pentane, and mixture of hexane, acetone, and water (HAW) with volume ratio 55:44:2. Studies on the wood comprises of tensile, bending, and impact test. The tests are conducted based on method of ASTM D 3500 90, ASTM D 3043 95, and ASTM D 1e43 94 for tensile, bending, and impact test, respectively. The result showed that Damar Batu/Balau has higher strength compared to Kempas and Durian Woods. All the wood samples after extraction show a slight decreasing in tensile strength, tensile extension, and flexural stress, whereby modulus tensile, modulus flexural, and impact strength increases.Keywords: bending, extraction, impact, tensile
Kinerja Katalis Paduan ZnO dengan Tembaga dan Logam-Logam Golongan VIII pada Steam Reforming Etanol menjadi Hidrogen Marwan, Marwan
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

Steam reforming of ethanol to H2 using ZnO catalyst with promotor metal, i.e. copper or metal group VIII (Pd, Pt and Ni) has been investigated. Catalysts performances are tested further at micro reactor operating at atmosphere pressure. Ethanol solution 20% is injected to reactor at rate of 2 ml/jam and is mixed with nitrogen flow at 25 ml/menit. XRD analysis shows active phases existence of each promotor for produced catalyst. Reaction product includes H2, CO2, and a nonidentified component. Selectivity of H2 fromation depends on chosen promotor metal types, where the selectifity decreases as follows: Pt , Pd , Cu Ni. Reaction temperature and promotor concentration also influence selectifity H2. For catalyst 1% Pd/ZnO and 1% Pt/ZnO, selectivity H2 was optimum at temperature reaction 450oC. Whereas Pd promotor concentrations increasing from 1% to 5% improves H2 selectivity.Keywords: ethanol, hidrogen, steam reforming, ZnO
Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Crude Palm Oil Off Grade Supardan, Muhammad Dani; Satriana, Satriana
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

The esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) found in crude palm oil (CPO) off grade with methanol is a promising technique to convert FFA into valuable fatty acid methyl ester (FAME, biodiesel) and obtain a FFA-free oil that can be further transesterified using alkali bases. In this work, the effects of the main variables involved in the esterification process i.e. alcohol to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature, agitation speed and the initial amount of FFA of oil, were studied in the presence of sulphuric acid as catalyst at concentration of 1%-w. The experimental results show that the esterification process could lead to a practical and cost effective FFA removal unit in front of typical oil transesterification for biodiesel production.Keywords: CPO off grade, esterification, free fatty acid
Produksi Etanol Proses Sinambung dengan Schizosaccharomyces Pombe Febriningrum, Panca Nugrahini
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

Ethanol is one of fermentation products which are mostly used as solvent in pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Ethanol production by fermentation generally uses yeast from Saccharomyces and Schizosaccharomyces. The fermentation of ethanol by both processes yields great quantities of ethanol. Optimum productivity in ethanol fermentation by continuous process using Schizosaccharomyces pombe was obtained at initial substrate concentration of 200g/L, with value as much of 7.342g/Lhour at dilution rate of 0.1/hour, 4.643 g/Lhour at dilution rate of 0,06/hour and 3.213g/Lhour at dilution rate of 0.04/hour. The highest value of ethanol coefficient YP/S obtained at initial substrate concentration of 100g/L was as much of 0.461 at batch process, while values of ethanol coefficient YP/S obtained were in the range of 0,477-0,511 in continuous process, which were higher than those of batch process.Keywords: continuous process, ethanol, schizosaccharomyces pombe
Pengaruh Waktu Tinggal dan Umur Tanaman pada Biosorpsi Ammonia oleh Tanaman Air Enceng Gondok (Eichhornia Grassipes) Suhendrayatna, Suhendrayatna; Bahagia, Bahagia; Novia, Novia; Elvitriana, Elvitriana
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

Ammonia biosorption by using Enceng Gondok, Eichhornia crassipes, was conducted in outdoor laboratory with objective to study the influence residence time and plant age to ammonia biosorption rate. The research uses reactor test consisting of wet land and sludge. Enceng Gondok is planted on reactor test flown by ammonia as bacth with relatif low enough concentration (2 mg/L), water height 20 cm, plants number in each reactor of 4 stems with variatious plants length 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm, and various residence time 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. Each test conducted was completed by controlling reactor. Research result showed that maximun biosorption occurs at 2 days culturization; ammonia biosorption rate by roots increases as residence time increases. Residence time 2, 4, 6 and 8 days can decrease ammonia concentration up to 1.568 mg/l, 0.245 mg/l, 0.204 mg/l (10%), and 0.022 mg/l, respectively, at plant length 10 cm. Further, research results showed that the more the plants age, the larger the biosorption by plant.Keywords: ammonia biosorption, enceng gondok, plants age, residence time
Analisis Kinetika Pertukaran Ion NH4+ dan H+ pada Zeolit Alam Lampung dengan Shrinking Core Model Ginting, Simparmin
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

Ion exchange process between ion NH4+ and H+ by using zeolite as its ion exchanger is one of methods to purify water from ammonium ion content. Natural zeolites are chosen as ion exchanger because it is abundantly provided in Indonesia, especially in Lampung. The influences of reaction temperature and stirrer speed toward reaction rate constant, mass transfer coefficient and effective diffusivity in batch ion exchange process, were analysed by using shrinking core model. Processes run by mixing zeolite and ammonium solution in a stirred tank at 30, 40 and 50oC with stirrer speed variation of 700, 800 and 900 rpm. Every 5 up to 60 min, the sample was taken for ammonium ion analyses. The results show that mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion and ion exchange reaction resistance influenced the overall rate of reaction. The results also show that reaction temperature and stirrer speed influenced the reaction rate constant, mass transfer coefficient and effective diffusivity. The correlations of them are stated in simple empirical equation. Shrinking core model was good to describe the ion exchange kinetics between NH4+ and H+ ion in natural zeolite from Lampung with the average error range of 1,15 % 3,71%.Keywords: ion exchange kinetics, Lampung natural zeolite, shrinking core model.
The Study Effect of Fill and React Period Change on the Performance of the Sequencing Batch Reactor Azwar, Azwar
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 1 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

The operation of the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) can be optimized by controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration, the dosage of external carbon, nitrification and denitrification, and the phase length of aeration (fills and react period). In this work, the analyses and tested with open loop identification the effect of fill and react period change on the performance of the SBR were studied. The process dynamic has been tested to determine the effect of Fill (tf) and React (tr)period changes on soluble substrate (Ss), soluble intermediate product (Ps), inert substrate (Si), particulate organics concentration (Xs), active biomass concentration (Xa), inert biomass concentration (Xi), the total biomass concentration (Xto) and the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in the SBR. In all simulations the total Fill and React time were set at 6 h, with the Fill time varied at 0.5 h, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 2.5 h, 3 h, and the corresponding react time set at 5.5 h, 5 h, 4.5 h, 4 h, 3.5 h, and 3 h, respectively.Keywords: fill time and reaction time, sequencing batch reactor, wastewater treatment
Production of Valuables Organic Acids from Organic Wastes with Hydrothermal Treatment Process Faisal, Muhammad
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 1 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

This article reports production of valuables organic acids from the hydrothermal treatment of representative organic wastes and compounds (i. e. domestic sludge, proteinaceous, cellulosic and plastic wastes) with or without oxidant (H2O2). Organic acids such as acetic, formic, propionic, succinic and lactic acids were obtained in significant amounts. At 623 K (16.5 MPa), acetic acid of about 26 mg/g-dry waste fish entrails was obtained. This increased to 42 mg/g dry waste fish entrails in the presence of H2O2. Experiments on glucose to represent cellulosic wastes were also carried out, getting acetic acid of about 29 mg/g-glucose. The study was extended to terephthalic acid and glyceraldehyde, reaction intermediates of hydrothermal treatment of PET plastic wastes and glucose, respectively. Studies on temperature dependence of formation of organic acids showed thermal stability of acetic acid, whereas, formic acid decomposed readily under hydrothermal conditions. In general, results demonstrated that the presence of oxidants favored formation of organic acids with acetic acid being the major product. Keywords: hydrothermal treatment, organic acids, organic wastes, oxidant, supercritical water oxidation
Preparasi Katalis Cu/Silika Gel dari Kristobalit Alam Sabang serta Uji Aktivitasnya pada Reaksi Dehidrogenasi Etanol Lubis, Surya
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 1 (2009): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Abstract

Cu/Silica gel catalyst preparation by using silica content which is obtained from Sabang natural crystobalit has been done. Isolated silica from crystobalit is reacted with natrium hidroxide to produce silicate natrium that reacted further with sulphate acid to produce silica gel. Silica gel is characterized by infra red spektroscopy dan BET test. BET test result showed that silica gel obtained has specific surface area 260,04 m2/gram and ion Cu impregnation into silica gel pores produce Cu/silica gel catalyst with spesific surace area 158,53 m/gram ith Cu2+ metal content = 193 ppm. Catalyst activation test Cu/silica gel at dehidrogenation reaction of etanol to produce asetaldehide was done at temperature 100oC 300oC. Reseach showed that the highest asetaldehide consentration (20,24%) is obtained at temperature 300oC. Keywords: asetaldehide, crystobalit, Cu/silica gel, dehidrogenation, ethanol

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